so guys if you want a better understanding of the muscles around the hip joint this tutorial is for you let's use our 3D Anatomy model to show you the key muscles of the hip hey guys CARiD here welcome back to clinical physio so in this quick anatomy video we're going to guide you through the key muscles of the hip joint and we're going to add a little bit of clinical context to help you memorize some of those key muscles in practice and we're going to start with the Hip Flex muscles so there are four key muscles in this region we have the seos major muscle we have the iliacus muscle we have rectus phorus and we have Sartorius now a key way that we sometimes memorize these muscles is the phrase play it like Ronaldo Sue and the idea here is that the P for play stands for Seas major the I for it stands for iliacus the r for Ronaldo stands for rectus for morus and the s for Sue stands for Sartorius now one of the other key thought processes around these hip flexor muscles that they often have secondary roles because a lot of them cross more than one joint so for example we have seos major which as we know flexes the hip but it actually originates at the lumber spine and it also therefore has a role in Lumar spine flexion we have rectus femoris which as well as acting on the hip also crosses the knee joint as it inserts onto the tibial tuberosity and of course therefore it's a key extensor of the knee as well as a hip flexor and we have Sartorius and we can see how this muscle loops around the anterior thigh before looping around to the Antero medial knee and therefore we can also remember that this muscle has a role in knee flexion as well as hip flexion so next let's dive into the hip extensors and let's start with what is probably the most famous and most memorable hip extensor and that is the gluteus maximus muscle so of course when you're thinking about your hip thrust exercises when you're thinking about your resisted cable hip extension it's your glutax which is one of the primary muscles that we're trying to strengthen then we have the hamstring muscles which are semimembranosus semitendinosis and biceps for morus now the key thing regarding the hamstrings muscles is that if we look back to semimembranosus we can see that they all originate around the isal tuberosity of the pelvis before inserting around the proximal tibia and the proximal fibula when it comes to biceps for morus so this helps us remember that as well as a hip extensor these muscles also Flex the knee now the other muscle which is a primary hip extensor is adductor Magnus which is often forgotten however if we line up this muscle from the side where we can see that the femur is now in a neutral position almost we can see that this muscle runs totally along the back of the femur before inserting into the distal femur posteriorly therefore helping us remember that it is also a chief hip extensor so next let's explore the lateral rotators of the hip and first of all we're going to dive posteriorly at the hip to look at the superior and inferior gelli muscles also known as GIS Superior and GIS inferior we then have obturator internus also on the posterior aspect of the hip notice how this muscle originates from the internal side of the obturator for raymen we also have quadratus for moris and we also have piriformis now if we run around the anterior surface of the hip we can see obturator externus we said a second ago the obturator internus originates from the internal side of the obturator for raymen and obturator externus originates from the external side of the obturator foran now if we look posteriorly we can see all these muscles in their position and the key one I want to highlight to you is the proris muscle the reason being is that all of the others originate from the pelvis bone of the ilium and isum and we can see here with Superior gelis inferior GIS obturator internis and quadratus femoris how they do that however the piriformis muscle originates from the sacrum and that's why sometimes we find that when patients have buttock pain instead of stretching these muscles that simply kind of pulls the sacrum away from the femur theoretically and therefore strengthening to try and bring them together and stabilize the hip a bit more seems to be a more optimal play given the origin of the piriformis muscle from the sacrum to the femur next we have the hip abductors so the first one to mention is gluteus maximus now interestingly it is the Superior part of this muscle which has a role in hip abduction and often the glute Max is not thought of as an abductor but it's important for us to acknowledge that it has some role in this movement however if we remove glute Max the other three re muscles here are chiefly thought of as the hip abductors and also they have a significant role in Hip internal rotation too so first of all let's look at the gluteus Minimus muscle notice how this muscle inserts around the great tranta of the femur next sitting over the top of it slightly bigger than gluteus Minimus is gluteus medius once again we can see that this muscle inserts into the greater tranta of the FEMA and then the third muscle to mention is the tensor fasal Lata now this muscle inserts or joins into the ilot tibial band of the thigh which goes on to insert towards the lateral knee and some people suggest that we can describe the ilot tibial band as a continuation of the tensor fasal Lata muscle but of course it's crucially important to remember that the ITB is not a muscle itself but rather it's a thick connective tissue so coming back to all of these muscles together one of the key things I wanted to point out to you is the gluteus medius and gluteus Minimus muscles and as we said they insert into the superior facet of the greater tranta of the femur when we think of patients who have a gluteal tendonopathy where they have pain around the lateral hip it's thought that it's a tendonopathy of these two insert itions in particular whereby they can get compressed by the ilot tibial band over the top of them when the hip is significantly adducted which can lead to pain which leads to a glal tendonopathy and then finally let's talk through the hip adductor muscles here we have starting from the top and working our way down pconus we then have adductor brevis we then have adductor longus we have the gillus muscle and if we move round to the back we have the biggest of them adductor Magnus now if we put all of these on the screen the key thing to mention and I'm sure you've heard this before is the memory aid three Ducks pecking grass this helps us remember the key muscles that adduct the hip the three ducts are the adduct longus adductor brevis and adductor Magnus muscles pecking stands for peek and grass is where we can remember gillus so there you go the hip adductors three Ducks pecking grass so guys I really hope you enjoyed that tutorial guiding you through the key muscles of the hip if you want more make sure to keep an eye on our Instagram Channel at clinical Physio and on our website clinical physio docomo more Anatomy with our anatomy boot camp courses these are going to be absolutely superb for your anatomy where we go through all of the key Anatomy around certain joints in all the detail you need but for now my name's CARiD thank you so much for joining us see you soon here on clinical physio