💻

Overview of Operating Systems and Interfaces

Aug 22, 2024

Lecture Notes: Operating Systems

Introduction to Operating Systems

  • Purpose: Interface between user and hardware.
  • Function: Allows user interaction with application software to accomplish tasks.

Interaction with Hardware

  • Process: Input data → Process data → Output results.
  • Role of OS: Facilitates user interaction with hardware via software.

Application Software and User Interface

  • User Interface: Common and familiar UI for applications.
  • OS Role: Provides platform for application software to run.
  • Utility Programs: Built-in programs for maintenance (e.g., encryption, compression, defragmentation).

Memory and File Management

  • Memory Management: Loading programs into memory, executing, managing data.
  • File Management: Storing and loading files; saving data to prevent loss.

Device Drivers and Peripherals

  • Device Drivers: Translate OS instructions for hardware.

Interrupt Handling

  • Definition: Device requires processor's attention (e.g., power failure, key press).
  • Importance: Critical for OS to handle efficiently.

User Interfaces

  1. Graphical User Interface (GUI)

    • Features: Windows, icons, menus, pointers (WIMP).
    • Advantages: Visual, interactive, intuitive for beginners.
    • Input: Optimized for mouse/touch gestures.
  2. Command Line Interface (CLI)

    • Features: Text-heavy, resource-efficient.
    • Advantages: Slim, fast, more commands.
    • Users: Advanced users for technical tasks, script automation.
  3. Menu Driven Interface

    • Examples: Cash points, chip and pin devices.
    • Operation: Successive menus, single choice.
    • Input: Button/keypad interaction.
  4. Natural Language Interface

    • Operation: Voice commands in natural language.
    • Examples: Siri, Cortana, Google Assistant, Alexa.
    • Challenges: Reliability improving with technology advancement.

Conclusion

  • Summary: Recap of operating system functions and user interfaces.
  • Note: Importance of taking notes to reinforce learning.