the complete Japanese verb conjugation video in this video you're going to learn every single conjugation for verbs in Japanese we're going to be looking at over 250 examples taken from video games to help give you a strong connection to exactly how each piece of language is used so that by the end of this video you know absolutely everything you need to know about exactly how to conjugate verbs in Japanese this video is brought to you thanks to all the supporters through the game Gengar website as well as through patreon so if you find this video helpful make sure to like comment and if you really love a video then come join us in the game Gango Discord community [Music] now first before you learn how to actually conjugate all of these verbs you first need to know what type of verb the verb you're looking at is and in modern Japanese there are two different types of verbs ichidun seen often in your textbook says Rue verbs and Gordon also known as Ubers and these are the two different types of verb classification in modern Japanese and super simply ichidan pretty much just means one stage and what that means is that there's only one stage of conjugation you just drop the root or the must and then add whatever conjugation you want at the end that's it super simple I wish every verb was an itchy done and then there are Gordon verbs and these are a little bit more complicated as they are based on the verb ending the sound that the verb actually ends on so how do you tell whether a verb is an ichidun or a Gordon verb well good news there are actually two different methods you can use to figure out for any verb whether it's an ichidan or a Gordon so very simply these two methods revolve around either the dictionary form of the verb or the Nai form of the verb the negative form first the dictionary form now this method is a little bit less accurate but it's easier because all you need is just the dictionary form of a verb and so using this dictionary Method All ichidun verbs end in a roux however not all verbs that end in uru are ichidan some are actually Gordon so if the vowel sound that comes before is an S sound or an e sound like the e sound if it's an e or an e sound before the Roo then it's probably an itchy done probably meaning there are some exceptions everything else every other verb is a Gordon so if the vowel sound before the root is then even if it has a root ending it's still a Gordon like for example wakaru to understand that is an art sound therefore automatically it's a Gordon but as I said there are some exceptions and it gets a little bit tricky like for example to return well that has an ET sound before the root however this is actually a Gordon verb and this is where it gets a little bit less accurate same thing with kiru to cut and kiru to wear one of them is an ichidan one of them is a Gordon oh no how are you supposed to tell which one is which and this is where using method number two is going to help you out method number two revolves around the Nai form the negative form and this has 100 accuracy all you need to know is the nigh form of a verb and you instantly know whether it's an ichidan or a Gordon a hundred percent of the time if a verb has an e or an e sound before Nai like minai to not look tabenai to not eat then it is always an ichida and if it has an up vowel sound before the nigh like or as we saw in the example you instantly know it's a Gordon and this method you can rely on completely with 100 accuracy however there are three verbs that don't follow those previous rules for classification and those are aru to exist the negative form of that is just nigh to not exist which is regularly treated as a Gordon verb however not in the negative conjugation because it simply just turns into Nai Kuru and suru are two exceptions we're going to be seeing a lot in this video Kuru to come when in the negative is actually cornai and suru to do when that's in the negative it's Chennai so these are three exceptions that don't follow the previous classification rules but we'll be seeing that a lot in this video so using a balance of these two methods is you can find out no matter what verb you come across whether it's an ichidan or a golden on and then using all the information in this video you'll be able to conjugate it into absolutely any form that you want like our previous example with kiru takat or kiru to wear well we can't tell if it's an ichidan or Gordon however when you put it in the naive form it becomes immediately apparent kiru to wear the knife form is just kinai but to cut is kiranai it has an uh sound so in the Nai form e or E is ichidan so kinai to not wear ichidan kiranai to not cut is a Gordon now we'll learn more about the knife form in this video but just try and keep some of the information in mind as it can kind of help you give a bit of an idea of what is an ichidan and what is a Gordon verb because they have completely different conjugation rules as you'll see in the video so with that out of the way let's get started so first up we have the dictionary form of a verb this is kind of like the Baseline form for all verbs it's also known as the plain form or the Casual form in Japanese this form of a verb can be used both to talk about something you're going to do right now like I will eat sushi sushi or taberu it could also be used to express something that you're going to be doing kind of regularly or as a habit like I do shopping every weekend and it can even be used to express something that you do in the future like ashta bengio tomorrow I will study so some very common ichidan or uru verbs that you'll come across is things like to eat kiru to wear to exist to sleep and kotayeru to answer me right you can see it's got the e or the sound these are ichidan verbs so the verb to look is an ichidan verb and this dictionary form is just the standard Baseline form of all verbs when you look up a verb in the dictionary this is the form you see it in so like here we can see it using a sentence don't look Miranda [Music] or like here we can see taberu to eat will you eat some custard pudding and this is the casual form in Japanese and this is because it's used in casual speech so you'll see this form all over the place in things like video games anime manga but also used in real life especially when you're talking with friends and family foreign [Music] as you saw there was only one rule just drop and add the conjugation super simple but Gordon verbs are actually based off of the five sounds in Japanese [Music] and with these five sounds that is how these verbs are conjugated so for example to drink yomu to read asobu to play all of these have an sound at the end that's the dictionary form e is the imperative form and O is the volitional form so let's have a look at the Casual form for Gordon verbs so this is just the verb in its ending or to listen foreign to hold on to something ah to read something how to buy something so as you saw these are all Gordon verbs now you can know that a verb is a godon verb by the fact that it ends in a sound that's not so like we saw in all of these [Music] automatically they're Gordon verbs but you can also tell if they do end in a root sound if they have anything that's not an e or an e vowel sound before like ah or or then you also automatically know it's a Gordon verb pretty much just know that every single verb that's not an ichidan verb is a Gordon right even some verbs that end in a roux like the next form we're going to be looking at is the polite form and this is used when you're wanting to speak in a polite manner like for example to someone that you don't know a stranger or maybe a boss or maybe someone at like a shop or a doctor someone you're not familiar with and you want to be polite with them well in this situation you would use the polite form of a verb well for ichidun verbs good news is conjugating them into the polite form is very very easy all you need to do is drop the Roo and replace it with mus that's it finished and actually that's true for every single other conjugation for ichidun verbs just drop the roux and replace it with the conjugation to eat if you want to speak politely tabemas [Music] so very very easy just drop the root and replace it with mus to make a ichidan verb polite okay so now we have the polite form for Gordon verbs now as I said before it is all dependent on the sound that the verb ends in remember that sound and it's also connected to those five sounds I told you about so remember the next thing is eat this is how you turn it into the mus form you need to change the final sound into an e sound so instead of Kiku it's Ki KI and then add Mas so Kiku to here turns into kikimasu to hold turns into Chi mochimasu foreign [Music] [Music] foreign into the polite form it all depends on the final sound and then you just turn that into an e sound and then add mus at the end so no matter what sound the verb ends in for example that would be the root turns into Rudy same thing with kiru kiru would be kirimasu every single godan verb to turn into polite just change that final sound into an e sound and then add must and you have the polite form there are two exceptions that you need to be careful of the verb to do and the verb Kuru to come don't follow any of the previous rules to come are exceptions and so you need to learn how to conjugate them on their own but they are two of the most common verbs in all of Japanese so it's definitely worth learning these two exceptions to come foreign and suru to do [Applause] whatever means to turn these into the polite form for Kuru you just want to change the coup into a Ki sound so it's Ki sukuru to come the polite form is I do and same thing with suru to do turns into a sheep sound so it's still that e sound s into shimasu [Music] projects [Music] now we just saw that all you have to do is drop the root for a verb to kind of make this stem and that every other conjugation for ichidan verbs you just attach to the end well this stem is actually known as the verb stem or the mus stem and the reason why is because if you just remove muss you're left with this last little bit this stem part me must to look me every other conjugation whether it's the nive form the potential form the causative you just add that to the me that's it super simple so this is known as the mus stem and for ichidun verbs this is all you need to conjugate it into every other form this isn't true for Gordon verbs but for ichidan verbs it is drop the mus or the root you're left with the stem and then just add the conjugation foreign [Music] stem for Gordon verbs or verbs as you just learned you need to get that and just remove the Moss so Kiki Mochi Nomi yomi this is the mus stem now we're not going to go into it too much but just so you know this Moss stem is actually super useful because you can add a whole bunch of stuff after it a whole bunch of grammar for example like Thai to want to do something yomi Thai you just use the must stem with Thai or like yasui easy to do something yomi yasui easy to read so this must stand is quite important to learn just remember for Gordon verbs turn it into the mass form and then drop muss so you're left with just that E ending sound and for the two exception verbs Kuru and suru for Kuru to come all you have to do is just drop the mus so instead of kimas it turns into Ki and the same thing for sudu just turned she must she must into she is and so once you have this must stem you can attach a whole range of different language to it you don't use it by itself but it is used in a lot of conjugations as well as additional pieces of grammar so the next conjugation we have here is the te form and this is a really useful piece of language to connect sentences together and even give requests for people to do something and so for ichidan verbs again super simple just drop the root or the must and add te that's it so miru to look turns into normally when you see it used just by itself it's some sort of request right the previous sentence meet there they're saying look at that you can also see the tefl form being connected to a whole range of different types of language like here being connected to kudasai please so please eat form is a very useful piece of conjugation you're going to be seeing this all over the place now there is actually a tough form in polite speech as well instead of muss now we have mash them and so all you have to do is drop the Moss and add mush there like here to remember something so in this piece of dialogue we actually see the Teflon being used in the middle of two clauses I learned how to play B and D and so the 10 is almost like a comma and I also obtain these cards and sometimes it even is just left hanging implying more to come but maybe you're not stating it so like hereu or kikoyemas to be able to hear something in the Teflon would be like so here he said he could hear some screams right but it has this kind of dot dot dot he's not finishing what he's saying the test form implies that something else may come but it's not always clearly stated what like here I could hear some screams dot dot dot perhaps he has more to say but he's holding back for some reason so to create the te form with Gordon verbs it's a little bit trickier and it depends again on the ending sound of the verb so instead of simply just adding the te like you do for ichidun verbs here depending on the sound you have to add a different kind of conjugation for example if a verb ends in an or do then you have to add a small little Su in between the te and the stem so you to say just have that first part the E and it's that small soup it's like a small little Gap in between you saying the two different sounds [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] verbs are ichidan like for example to go home well and add the small Tzu and then the te after the stem so kairu turns into um [Music] for verbs ending in a su sound like hanasu then you need to turn that soup into step turns into medicine now for verbs ending in a k sound like Kiku to hear well what you need to do is get the verb stem so Kiku just drop that you just have the key and then attach e te so it's like it's like a long e sound [Music] what does she is now we have some of these verbs that end in this kind of dakuten this is kind of a messy sound so instead of it's it's so good the coup and goo they actually have the same kind of conjugation rules where you have Kiku Kita but this time instead of putting it in the te form you actually have to put it into kind of almost a depth form is so good it turns into is and so with new ending verbs as we just saw here with shinde you need to follow the stem with um so that's any verb that ends in a new sound [Music] is same thing here with this is another one of those voiced sounds it's a bit muddy right so to choose that would be so this comes after the stem foreign [Music] and the final sound you might see verbs being ended in is like for example to drink or yomu to read well it's the same conjugation as the last two you just add after the stem so turns into milde so as you can see the golden verbs are a little bit trickier with how they're actually conjugated even now with just the te form it's already a lot more complicated than the ichidan verbs but just remember that it's all based on the sound that the verb ends in get conjugated with a small suit in the middle so you turns into Matsu to wait turns into go home turns into replace the coup in the coup ending verbs replace the suit with Sue ending verbs with step replace the goo with goo ending verbs like oyoide and then finally with new boo and moo ending verbs just replace the last part with so Shinu shinde yasumu yasunde now there is one exception and that's the verb iku to go when iku goes into the TEF form it's not how you would imagine the coup ending sounds do like Kiku to listen turns into but iku Togo doesn't instead you just do the small Tzu then the te that's just one exception you need to be careful of for iku to go iku to go in the teform is so like we can see here please go and both the two exceptions Kuru to come and sudu to do also have their own conjugations for the Teflon and for the two exception verbs Kuru and suru all you need to do is get the mus stem so Ki and she and then Kuru in the te form is [Music] and this suru verb can both be used as by itself to do or it can even be attached to these nouns these are known as suru verbs and so it's a noun following with suru it means to do that now like here in Final Fantasy VII gaman is to persevere to put up with something here is put up with it okay and so as you can see here the TEF form can also be used multiple times in the same sentence to kind of show the sequential order of events so like in this example first you get a job then you fall in love then you get married then and this is why it's kind of like a comma it's almost like separating two different Clauses in a sentence you do this and then you do this [Music] the polite tear form is as you can imagine you still use this mus stem so Ki and then you just add Mash there or she foreign [Music] the next conjugation we have here is the past tense in Japanese also known as the TA form and this is super easy all you have to do is just replace te with ta and now you've created the past tense that's it so for example here with the ichidan verbs it's very very simple meru to look just turns into Mita I saw so like here in Witcher 3 I saw a woman [Music] or like here in Final Fantasy 16 I saw him and like here this is the first time I've seen a real one masaka foreign and just like before if we want to make this polite instead of me Mas it's me mashta so you just replace mus with Master this is the polite way to say that you saw something every ichidan verb is exactly the same just drop the stem and add the conjugation now good news the past tense form is much easier now that you've learned the teform for the past tense form for all of these Gordon verbs just replace the te with TA or replace the de with da so te with ta like turns into ITA I said turns into Kita foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] so the past tense form is [Music] so the past tense form is shinda to choose turns into so in the past tense form it's to read turns into Yonder so tired to returns to [Music] so the past tense form for Gordon verbs isn't too difficult once you've learned the te form just replace te with da started young super hard and just like we saw with all of the other verbs to make the past tense form just replace that te with turns into Kita [Music] just be careful it's not Kita with a small Tzu with a gap no it's just Kita kyoka [Music] um the polite form is very easy we just have that same stem so Ki or she and then you just add Musta that's it so kimasta I came [Music] I did [Music] Musta ah now the next conjugation we have here is the continuous form you will often see this referred to as kind of like the progressive form I like to look at it as the continuous form and what this often implies is that an action is in progress it is continuously being done and this can be both used to talk about things that you're doing right now but also things that are in a certain state so you could use this continuous form both for saying I'm studying right now bangkokstadu but you could also talk about the state of something like he is dead so he's in the state of being dead The Continuous form is used in both of these situations in Japanese another very common conjugation you'll see in Japanese so instead of miru to see something maybe you're looking at it right now you could say so all you have to do is get that stem and addu and you've got the continuous form now quite often you will actually see the eat in kind of contracted into just Teru this is extremely common in anime video games manga but also extremely common in casual speech Morocco so like we can see here in Dragon God the miteru turns into miteru yeah and so just know it holds the exact same meaning just one of them is a little bit more formal and the other one is a little bit more colloquial casual spoken it's just kind of contracted speech miteru and miteru same thing and just so you know this IDU is actually a verb by itself it kind of means to exist so your existing looking for example you're existing in a state of look why not we gave this expression for example into the negative form or the past negative just know that you need to conjugate IDU into whatever form you want to conjugate mascara [Music] now looking at the continuous form or the progressive form if you remember well now that you know the TEF form it's very very easy just put the verb into the teform followed with IDU that's it turns into saying [Music] to here turns into I'm listening is [Music] [Music] foreign Shinu to die turns into shindado is foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] and just like before the tedu can be contracted to just in more casual speech so that's pretty amazing right once you know the TEF form for Gordon verbs you'll be able to know how to conjugate the TEF form the past tense form the tough form and the continuous form and the continuous form follows a similar type of trend here we just want the verb in the te form so and then we just want to addu at the end so [Music] [Music] [Music] just remember you will see them contracted quite a lot especially in media you'll often not see the full but just it's the same meaning just more casual so the negative form of verbs in Japanese here known as the Nai form can be used in lots of different situations for example it could be used to express a habit that you don't do or sake I don't drink alcohol so this is talking about always it's a habit it can be used for an immediate action like something right now so I don't brush my teeth like right now or it could even be used to talk about a future action I don't work tomorrow so this is the same as the dictionary former it can be used in these three different situations as well as many other uses of the knife form that you'll see remember this is a very important form if you want to use method number two to be able to tell whether a verb is ichidan or Gordon and this just means the negative not so miru to look to not look or to not see so again as always ichidan verbs just drop the roux you now have the stem and add the conjugate Nation here 9 me 9. [Music] to not eat and just remember like I said before if the vowel that comes before nigh is an e or an e sound it's a hundred percent in ichidan verb mean eye to not look tab benign to not eat a hundred percent ichidan and of course there is a polite form of the knife form as well this is Masen so miru to look minai to not look to look polite to not look polite to eat to eat in the polite speech to not eat in polite speech to look to not look polite to look mimasen to not look and the same thing with taberu tabemasen I will not eat like here I will not eat the cake cake [Music] ah now we have the negative form for Golden verbs now if you remember Gordon verbs to turn them in the knife form all you need to do is have it end with an uh sound before nine so you to say would turn into yuana you you are Nai so the U turns into wa and then no you are Nai to not saying [Music] so we can see it has that uh sound so it's a golden verb Kiku to here again we need that a vow before the Nai so Kiku turns into Kika Kik I'm not listening to hurry turns into is [Music] o foreign foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] tonight [Music] this is to need something this is a different IDU from the ichidan IDU to exist this is a godan and so we can see it's to exist like for example studying you could say Bank your stainai the IDU that we see in the continuous form that's actually the IDU for existing that's an ichidan verb but this IDU here is a golden verb and we can see because it's Irani not inai simple you don't need this comes from IDU to me so as you can see for Gordon verbs the very important rule is that if it has an R sound before the nigh then we know it's a Gordon verb and so in order to make the knife form just change the final sound of a Gordon verb into an uh sound and then follow it with Nai kikane now there is one extra exception for the Nai form and that is for the verb to exist [Music] so actually the negative form of aru is Nai and so this is a little bit irregular right this doesn't follow any of the previous rules that you've learned aru means to exist Nai means to not exist is so just remember that this verb behaves a little bit different from the rest of the verbs because it literally is nigh just in the positive form aru to exist nigh to not exist and with this same exception the polite form for aru is [Music] and it just follows the normal conjugation that you would expect for the polite negative oh yeah my channel in the negative form is just konai it's not kinai it's konai so just be careful about that cornai this breaks any other rule that we've learned previously [Music] is thankfully easier it's just Chennai so you just add 9 at the end of the stem she now Okay so we've learned the past form and we've learned the negative form nine so next how would you say something like you did not the past negative well in Japanese this would be Nakata again we're just adding the conjugation to the stem I didn't look or I didn't see to not eat I didn't eat so it just replaced Nai with Nakata and now in the polite form we have tabe Masen so remember to not eat and all you have to do is just add Desta at the end this is the polite past so tabemasen turns into tabema send I did not eat and so you might be able to guess mimasen to not look turns into mimasen Desta foreign foreign and just like before now we can turn the past into the past negative so not say iwanai can turn into iwan Nakata did not say why not so we see it is a coup sound so the negative is negative didn't shoot [Music] I didn't drink [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] okay now we're moving on to a little bit trickier piece of Japanese language here so the passive form in Japanese is often used to express that something is been done like not by a clear actor it's just it's happening and this passive form can both be used to express that some sort of regretful action has been done upon you like in a passive way it could simply be a neutral statement just it has been done and it can be even used in kind of honorific respectful language to express that respect to be seen for example instead of to look that would be middle to be seen by somebody that would be me and so for ichidan verbs all you have to do is just again the stem and then add rare that's it turns into miraderu to be looked at or to be seen and it's called passive because it's not clear who is the actual actor of this verb it can be you could be seen by somebody but it doesn't always have to actually State clearly who you're being seen by so like you're in Fire Emblem I get embarrassed when I get looked at so when I'm looked at tedemas I get a bit embarrassed and just very quickly now that we know the past form just ta where you can actually do the same thing for this conjugation and many other conjugations so instead of to be seen by someone you could say I was seen by someone so the past tense form of the passive so like you're in Persona 4 I wonder if I was seen so here at the onset foreign and the passive form is even used here in this kind of news broadcast saying that he is believed to be bombed or more literally he is seen to be armed is so the passive form for ichidan verbs very simple just drop the root and put [Music] and the passive form for Gordon verbs is actually very similar to what we learned with ichidan verbs if you remember it's but here for Gordon verbs as we can see for Kiku to listen it needs to be kikaredu so the last part the redu is exactly the same but the first sound the Ruda actually comes from if you remember all ichidan verbs they're all Rue verbs so the root turns into a rat sound and then redu that would be an ichidan way of doing it and the same thing is true here with Gordon verbs you need to make the first sound an up sound followed by dead so nice and easy now that we just learned the negative form well you just do the exact same thing but instead of adding the nigh right Kiku kikanai just don't add the Nai and instead add redu that's how you do the passive form for Gordon verbs to be heard [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] so you just change the final sound of a Gordon verb into an uh sound just like you do with an eye form and then add redu that's how you add the passive form for Gordon verbs um to be heard to be born to be shot now for the passive form for Kuru Kuru turns into so again we have to be careful it's not kidadu it's [Music] but still is much easier now we just have suru turns into sareru that's it so the passive form for suru is [Music] this is actually quite similar to verbs that end in the Su sound like would be to be killed it's the same conjugation here for suru so like here before it recovers foreign [Music] next we have the causative form so this is kind of showing the cause for something and this can be roughly translated as to either make someone do something or let someone do something and this depends on the context which one it is the meaning does change a bit right make is much more forceful than let but in Japanese they're both expressed here with the causative form and the causative form in Japanese isedu so we just saw for the passive now we have saseru the causative Su taberu just to eat if someone forced you to eat your breakfast for example that would be [Music] making a child eat something [Music] so it could be both a forceful make someone do something to make you eat but it could also just be to let you do a certain Action Now to turn sasseru the causative form into the polite form all you need to do is just change saseru into SASE so the root gets replaced with mus saseru to make someone to make someone in polite speech so like here to make or to let someone investigate something now it's the same thing here we want that last saidu part but the first part like with the ichidan verb it's sa seru that's we just want to change to an uh sound for whatever verb we are using so you to say right to not say to make someone says 16 Don't make me say it over and over again you also do now [Music] well like here in Final Fantasy 14 if you're going to make me listen so make me listen yeah [Music] or to make me wait Mata said [Music] like snake's famous Lion in Metal Gear Solid to remember this turns into make remember to finish but here we can see it used in the moss form so just like always you can replace that with must to make it polite so what are semas let's make this finished to drink maybe I'm wanting to make someone drink something normal so if the causative form for Gordon verbs is just have that sound before serum [Music] the causative form to make or to let someone do something here with Kuru it turns into [Music] it so it still has that saseru to make someone just the key is KO just like some of the other conjugations we just saw so just be careful it's not kisaseru it's it's [Music] super easy again now we just have saseru instead of sudu so there's nothing fancy you need to do with suru right you just turn suru into sased that's to do something turning into to make do something and it can be used both to make someone do something or to let someone do something okay now we have one of the most difficult pieces of conjugation so you've learned the passive to be seen for example and you've learned the causative to make someone do something [Music] but you can actually combine both of these conjugations in Japanese to create the causative passive form so rather than to make someone do something it's that you were made to do something by someone else so it has that causative being made to do something and the Passive by someone else being made to do something and this is that's why it's the causative passive form so let's say for example here you were made to look at something someone forced you to look at something you would say so here Frieza is being made to watch this merry parade or like here in Fire Emblem 3 hopes to be made to see a lot of painful experiences and so if you were made to eat something you could turn taberu into a foreign [Music] so this is definitely a tricky piece of conjugation but just remember it's the causative passive causative comes first saseru passive comes next and to combine them you just need to drop the root that's in the middle to be made to do something or to be let to do something so the causative passive is first the causative making someone do something so remember for example to make someone here but now you want to have Kika so this is the passive form to be made to do something to be made to listen rather than to make someone listen he is to be made to listen to [Music] foreign well like here in Final Fantasy 16 to be made to work here we can see to be made to wait for the past tense to be made to wait now one thing to be a bit careful about is for godan verbs that end in a su these are actually quite rare and follow a different conjugation rule the reason why is because if you followed the normal Gordon rule where you have the uh sound and then sa it would sound very weird it would have a double sa like it doesn't work and so it's not used like this in Japanese instead Su follows the same conjugation rules as actually suru does which is simply just however just so you know this conjugation is very rare I actually haven't been able to find any suit ending verbs in over a hundred video games that actually use this conjugation and in fact if you tried to force using it it might even sound a little bit unnatural a lot of people would just opt to say it in a different way or just use the causative form in the past tense instead of putting it in the passive form so you're much more likely to actually see the causative form in the past tense for verbs that end in Su like for example or Moy dasu to remember you might see or moyeta quite commonly but you're very unlikely to ever really see omoid it's just very rarely used foreign and so for example this verb this is actually kind of a causative passive in modern Japanese this verb ikasu to make or to let someone live is actually a conjugation of a very old verb for iku to live but it's not used anymore just this causative conjugation is used as in just a normal Baseline verb and so here ikasareta to be let to live could technically be seen as kind of a causative passive but just so you know nowadays no one uses the verb iku to live instead they use ikasu to let automag live and then here in the passive ikasarita so the causative passive is again that combination of the causative form to make or to let someone do something and then the passive to be so by somebody and to do that with Gordon verbs you just need to have the uh sound followed by Sade foreign the very tricky combination of the causative and the passive is now actually I have not been able to find a single example sentence in hundreds of video games for kosa not even kosas it's incredibly incredibly rare to be made to come it certainly does exist but I have not been able to find it in any examples whatsoever but just know is the causative passive of Kuru to come and sudu is against saseru to make to be made so like here for the boat to be made to be finished or in Dragon Ball in the original history we were supposed to be made wiped out or here to be made to cooperate [Music] foreign the next conjugation we have is a very simple one this is the command form when you're telling someone to do something you're ordering someone to do something very very strong here for ichidan verbs all you have to do is replace the root with raw and that makes it imperative very very strong telling someone to do something to look would be Middle look oh [Music] for example to stop something well just replace that rudu with ro yamero stop it just know that this imperative this command form is very very strong this locked away would actually be just to use the TEF form so instead of saying you could actually just say or instead of saying Miro you could say like we saw in all of the examples for the Teflon another way to give a little bit more polite softer ordering instead of using raw like yamiro or instead of using yameter which is a bit more of a request you can still Express that kind of ordering someone to do something in a bit of a softer way here with nasai and all you have to do is just attach nasai to the mus stem so would be the more softer way of saying yeah okay now we have the imperative form the command form for Gordon verbs if you remember for ichidun verbs all you had to do was just change the Rue into Ro but now with Gordon verbs we need to change that final sound into an e sound so you to say turns into yeah say it [Music] turns into kick air listen you're a good deal whatever foreign [Music] so all of these examples here are in the imperative form where you're kind of ordering someone to do something so here ordering someone forcefully see it yeah or forcefully hearing it kick air or forcefully wait that's what the imperative form is doing and all you need to do is just change that last sound in the Gordon to an e sound the imperative ordering form for kudu is actually koi so again breaking all of the rules we just learned previously but just remember this is a bit more of a Ruder way of asking someone to do something it's very very strong right koi come here foreign use the tefl but if you want to be strong koi nah come on [Music] so again we see a similar kind of use here with the root verbs turning into Ro at the end or do it [Music] foreign the next conjugation we have is the but form this is known as the conditional form and what this means is that if the first thing then the second thing and this but form can both mean if or when that's why it has a condition the conditional form and so for ichidun verbs like always just get the stem and then put the conjugation just put Reba with the stem so deru turns into de Bar if or when you leave so like here in Final Fantasy 16 when you leave East pool East or Puro Beyond there is the black zone so you can see the condition right if or when you leave then there'll be the black area or like here again so if or when you look you'll know it so you know it when you see foreign [Music] it's all the same for ichidan verbs verbs like here miseru to show miserable when or if you show them then they'll be able to help you out now for the hypothetical conditional form for godan verbs if you remember last time we had to add Reba for ichidan verbs however this time the final sound of the verb needs to be changed into an e sound and then simply add ba and we just did that with the imperative form so it's the exact same conjugation as the imperative form you just add ba at the end to meet would be if we meet yeah to say right remember that yeah if I said it so same conjugation as ear to say just add the bar at the end but this doesn't have any feeling of like force or anything this is just if I did the action if I said it is [Music] so like here hataraku the coup turns into if you work then you're fat oh yeah [Music] or like if you go where if I go can I get some thing here if I ask so like here if you ask shamia maybe she'll teach you foreign [Music] [Music] bar form is quite easy all you need to do is just change the final sound to an E and then put if I were to say if we were to meet if I was to drink shineba if I was to die and so on thankfully the conditional but form is actually really really easy Kuru and suru you just replaced the last that's it so kudeba and sudeba so like here if we've come this far it's just a little bit more or if we've come this far it'll be all right coconut [Music] here is [Music] the bar form for literally would be what would be good if I did it but you often see it meaning just what should I do but literally what would be good if I did it [Music] so like hearing Kingdom Hearts he's saying if I did what can I become small now that's weird English but this is just literal what he's saying is what should I do to be able to come small if I do what or if I do how am I able to become small what would be good if I did it foreign and we actually have another conditional form here with the Tada form this can be used in the same way as what we saw previously with the bat form for if or when but the Tata form can also be used to express after so like for example this sentence this could be both translated as if summer comes I will go to Japan or when summer comes I will go to Japan or even after summer comes I will go to Japan generally speaking the bot form is just used for hypotheticals but the Tata form can both be used for hypotheticals and actual conditions remember that summer coming isn't really a hypothetical situation it's something that will happen and to conjugate the conditional Tara form is incredibly easy just get the past tense the TA form and just add that's it and this is true for every different type of verb whether it's Gordon or ichidan or even the exceptions just put a verb in the past tense followed by Ruda and you've created the conditional Tada form so [Music] when or if you saw [Music] if or when you ate or even after eating [Music] foreign [Music] what if I said if you heard [Music] to take off something like close if you took off the clothes if you die or when you die um [Music] and of course it's the same for the two irregular verbs Kuru and suru so the past tense of Kuru is Kita came o [Music] so if you were to do something [Music] foreign we're almost finished we have two more conjugations to look at in Japanese and we will have gone through every different type of conjugation there is so this second to last conjugation is the potential form and this is kind of to be able to do that action and so to create this potential form all you need to do is just put after the stem of a verb so here miraredu means that he's able to look now hang on a second let's rewind a bit the passive form is also [Music] the passive form and the potential form actually is the same tricky right could be to be seen by someone or it could be to be able to see so like here I'm able to eat foreign now this does make it a little bit confusing having the passive and the potential have the exact same conjugation however luckily in casual speech to make it a bit easier for everyone when used in the potential form only it's actually contracted sometimes so instead of mirared to be able to see you might often see it as just mideru is [Music] can you see the mentioned video so thankfully that does actually help here for ichidan verbs so like here in this example in more casual speech can you see the mentioned video so they could say but here it's a bit more casual situation so they just say they're both totally fine just remember that midare do is a little bit more formal speech and mideru is a bit more casual okay and now to turn this into the polite form so remember the potential is just you might already be able to guess what the polite form is instead of it's or like here you can see some sort of decoration so like you're in Lost judgment me maybe we can investigate and so the exact same rules would apply that we learned previously with the negative form right it's the same thing so if you wanted to say you're not going to be able to do something you could say verb so like here in Final Fantasy 16 we see I'm not able to respond foreign [Music] and now we have the potential form that was a little bit tricky with the ichidan verbs if you remember they have the same conjugation as the potential form and so this time with the Gordon verbs what we want to do to make the potential form is again change that last sound to an e sound and then add Roux at the end that's it so you to say would be yeru to be able to say [Applause] so what's the potential form for Tahir to be able to hear Kiku would be um [Music] to go again to be able to go yakuni Tatsu to help so it needs to turn into a te to be able to help to shoot to be able to shoot foreign [Music] so the potential form for Gordon verbs just change that last sound into an sound and then follow with now here with the potential form for kudu and sudu we have a little bit more rule breaking so the potential form for Kuru is the same to be able to come so like here are you able to come to the east City Hospital and just like always you can contract it in more casual speech so instead of cordaderu it's just courthead [Music] gentleman however goes in a completely different direction the potential form of suru is actually in fact dekidu to be able to do so you often learn this as a completely different word right dekidu as a verb by itself but it is actually the potential form of suru to be able to do something so like here then you can escort me or like you're an attack on Titan if there's anyone who can change something then that person can surely throw away what's dear to them [Music] foreign [Music] okay we've finished most of the really difficult conjugations in Japanese and now we just have the final piece of conjugation that we're going to be learning in this video and that is the volitional form and this pretty much just means that you're showing the will or volition to do something often seen translated as let's although not always so like you're in Triangle strategy let's eat something taberu turns into Tabeo so all you have to do is just replace the root with yo you'll often see use connected with the car particle as well like tabayoka instead of let's eat it's more like shall we eat [Music] or like here in Kingdom Hearts 3 so nigeru to run just replace the root with your Let's Escape and finally the polite volitional form so instead of your we have martial let's eat turns into tabe Marshall let's eat just in polite speech and sometimes you might even see that final oop actually dropped in more casual colloquial speech like here in Pokemon just let's hurry up and eat but it's the same thing yo is the volitional form and Marshall is the polite volitional and if you remember with the ichidan verbs we needed to add yo yo this time we just want to change the final sound into an o sound and then [Music] Hunter ah Matsu to wait would be to drink no more let's drink and if we did want to say this in a polite form what we need to do is just like all polite forms in the Gordon verbs we need to turn it into the mus stem so ikimasu and then we just add Macho just like before so the volitional let's go ikimasho hey [Music] and finally we have the volitional form for Kuru is Koyo and suru is so like here in Persona 4 let's come here kokoni Koyo no matter how many enemies come on to come to do something but here it's the volitional form this is kind of like showing the will to do something the volition to do something so do you think you would come back to this world and finally suru turns into shio so dorsio what should I do or what will I do or simply just let's like here let's move okay everybody you did an amazing job that was so much information but we have now gone through every single verb type and conjugation in Japanese there's a whole bunch of different uses of grammar that you can use now that you know all of these conjugations now you know how to conjugate all verbs in Japanese so hope you guys enjoyed that video hopefully it wasn't too overwhelming hopefully the video wasn't too long I'm not sure I have a feeling this video could have been maybe one to two hours already it's taken a few hours just to record it so hope you guys enjoyed hope you've learned some Japanese a huge thanks to the executive producer T Drinker 3000 for requesting this video every month I take one request from the executive producers that'll actually be making on the channel this was one of those requests and I think it turned out to be an absolutely amazing video so thanks so much for requesting this video and also thank you to absolutely everybody who's supporting the channel whether it just be likes comments subscribes or the people who really love the channel and join us on the game game good Discord Community both through patreon or directly through the website where you can get help with your Japanese studies hang out chat with people and you can get both direct contact with me and everyone else in the community so if you like this video make sure to like subscribe come join us on the gaming Discord Community hope you have fun with your Japanese studies and as always I'll see you again in the next video see you guys [Music]