Theories of Organizational Communication (Part 2)

Introduction

• Presented by Dr. Steve Klein, Department of Communication, University of Missouri.
• Part 2 of a series on organizational communication theories.
• Focus on contemporary approaches: systems perspective and cultural perspective.

Review of Previous Theories

Classical Management Theories

• Views organizations as machines.
• Focus on efficiency, effectiveness, and goal orientation.
• Features:
  • Specialized components and bureaucratic structures.
  • Clearly defined, top-down authority.

Human Relations and Human Resources Theories

• Views organizations as communities of people.
• Emphasizes the human element and maximizing employee potential.
• Features:
  • Human relations focus on fulfilling psychological needs (inspired by Maslow).
  • Human resources add investment in organizational identity and participation in decision-making.

Contemporary Theories

Systems Perspective

• Organization viewed as an organism.
• Emphasizes complexity and interdependence.
• Key Concepts:
  • Inputs, Throughput, Outputs: Inputs (resources), throughput (organizational processes), outputs (final products or services).
  • Equifinality: Multiple ways to achieve goals.
  • Negative Entropy: Ability to maintain stability and avoid decline.
  • Requisite Variety: Adaptation to external changes.
  • Homeostasis: Maintaining environmental stability.
  • Complexity: Increased complexity with growth.

Cultural Perspective

• Organization viewed as a culture.
• Focuses on unique organizational characteristics and cultural elements.
• Key Concepts:
  • Artifacts and Symbols: Language, logos, mission statements.
  • Values: Organizational preferences and strategies.
  • Core Assumptions: Unconscious beliefs and perceptions.
  • Organizational Climate: The workplace atmosphere and mood.

Case Study: Google

• Example of successful integration of multiple organizational communication theories.
• Attributes:
  • Efficiency from classical management.
  • Human elements from human relations/resources approach.
  • Systemic unity and cultural identity.
• Google's organizational climate and culture contribute to its success.

Conclusion

• End of the introductory series on organizational communication theories.
• Encouragement to reach out with questions.