Plant Cell Structure and Function

Introduction

• Objective: Label a diagram of a plant cell and describe the functions of its parts.
• Comparison with animal cells:
  • Animal cells contain: nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes.
  • Plant cells, unlike animal cells, use light to carry out photosynthesis.

Distinguishing Features of Plant Cells

• Regular Shape: Plant cells maintain a consistent shape.
• Green Structures: Plant cells are packed with green structures visible under a microscope.

Common Structures with Animal Cells

• Nucleus: Contains genetic material; part of eukaryotic cells.
• Cytoplasm: Site of chemical reactions.
• Cell Membrane: Regulates which molecules enter and leave the cell.
• Mitochondria: Perform aerobic respiration.
• Ribosomes: Sites of protein synthesis.

Unique Structures in Plant Cells

• Chloroplasts:
  • Contain chlorophyll.
  • Site of photosynthesis.
  • Essential for utilizing light energy in plants.
• Cell Wall:
  • Made of cellulose.
  • Strengthens the cell.
  • Present in algae as well, a simple form of plant life.
• Large Permanent Vacuole:
  • Filled with cell sap.
  • Helps maintain cell shape by exerting turgor pressure.

Additional Resources

• Mention of a revision workbook for practice questions on plant cells.