What is Reformed Theology?

Introduction

• Reformed Theology: A system of belief tracing back to the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.
  • Reformers traced doctrine to Scripture, following the credo of sola scriptura.
  • Seeks to continue apostolic doctrine.

Core Beliefs of Reformed Theology

Authority of Scripture

• The Bible is viewed as the inspired, authoritative Word of God.
• Considered sufficient in all matters of faith and practice.

Sovereignty of God

• God has absolute control over all creation.
• God foreordains all events, yet this does not limit human will or make God the author of sin.

Salvation by Grace

• God chooses to redeem a people to Himself, saving them from sin and death.

TULIP: Five Points of Calvinism

1. Total Depravity
   • Humanity is completely helpless in sin and cannot please God naturally.
   • Man will not seek God unless prompted by His grace.
   • References: Genesis 6:5, Jeremiah 17:9, Romans 3:10-18.
2. Unconditional Election
   • God chooses a multitude of sinners to save.
   • References: Romans 8:29-30, 9:11, Ephesians 1:4-6, 11-12.
3. Limited Atonement
   • Christ's death atoned for the elect's sins.
   • Salvation was obtained for those chosen by God.
   • References: Matthew 1:21, John 10:11, 17:9, Acts 20:28, Romans 8:32, Ephesians 5:25.
4. Irresistible Grace
   • God's grace will accomplish saving work in the elect.
   • References: John 6:37, 44, 10:16.
5. Perseverance of the Saints
   • God ensures His saints do not fall away, securing eternal salvation.
   • References: John 10:27-29, Romans 8:29-30, Ephesians 1:3-14.

Necessity of Evangelism

• Christians are called to make a spiritual impact through evangelism.
• Encourages holy living and humanitarian actions.

Other Distinctives of Reformed Theology

• Observance of two sacraments: baptism and communion.
• Cessationist view of spiritual gifts (no longer extended to the church).
• Non-dispensational view of Scripture.
• Esteemed writings: John Calvin, John Knox, Ulrich Zwingli, Martin Luther.
• Westminster Confession reflects Reformed theology.
• Modern Reformed churches include Presbyterian, Congregationalist, and some Baptist churches.

Additional Resources

• Return to Questions about Theology

Subscription

• Option to subscribe to the Question of the Week for updates.