hi my name's Ollie and in this politics explained video I'm going to go through everything you need to know about the labor party in a level politics so that's not just all the knowledge and key examples you need to know but also some key points of analysis and the key questions you could get asked in relation to the labor party so that it can really help you to revise and be prepared for the exam so I'm going to start by going through the key questions you could get asked in the key debates and the parts of the specification this lesson covers then I'm going to go into the origins and historical development of the labor party so looking at Old labor moving into new labor and then more recently with miliband Corbin and starmer currently and then finally I'm going to look at the policies and ideas of the labor party currently but also other policies and ideas under new labor and under Corbin so that you can really compare them very well in essays before finally kind of going on to a bit of points of analysis and looking at the ways in which current policy is similar to corbyn and old labor and the ways in which it's similar to new labor before finally circling back to some of those questions I mentioned I'm going to mention at the start to see how you can potentially structure answers to them um so yeah the PDF that you can see up there you can access on the politics explained website in the first link of the description where you can also find a place to sign up for tutoring if that's something you'd be interested in there'll soon be group classes um on there as well as well as a lot of resources that can help you in your politics a level so including all of these everything you need to know guides and key essay plans to help you revise and help you prepare for the exam so yeah drop any questions or comments in the comments section below the time stamps in the description after the different parts of this video so you can skip through um if you'd like to and without further Ado let's get into it so starting off with the parts of the specification this lesson covers so this political parties and its established political parties but obviously just the labor party so that's looking at um the origins and historical development of the labor party as well as how this is shaped our ideas and current policies on the economy Law and Order welfare and Foreign Affairs we're going to go through all four of those at the end the key debates you could get asked in relation um to the labor party and current labor party policy is how close um leopardy policy at the moment is to Old labor and its traditional principles how close it is to new labor as well um and you could also get asked about kind of how close it is and the similarities and differences between it and the policy of other parties especially the conservative party it should be um it's a really difficult topic but there's a kind of good way you could revise it and that's making three really detailed essay plans um on the um the questions in bold there um which should give you kind of um good coverage of the topic which you can then adapt to more specific questions that will come up um these essay plans will soon also be available to purchase and the politics explained website um if you prefer to use those rather than making them yourself though making them yourself can be really useful as a way of revision as well so those possible questions questions are evaluate the extent to which the labor party remains remains true to its Traditional Values and principles so that's especially looking at kind of how socialist it is as well evaluate the view that current labor party policy is closer to that of new labor than it is to labor party policy under Corbin um so that's more recently compared to new labor versus um corbyn and kind of public starman's current policies are to it and evaluate the view that the policy is the labor party and conservative parties are more similar than they are dissimilar so if you prepare those kind of questions you should then be able to have enough knowledge and Analysis within those you can then translate to different questions um if they get asked obviously this is a topic which you kind of do need to update quite a bit so by the time you're going to get to the exam this year and of course if you have your exams next year or further on if you're um watching this video in a few years you will need to update these notes but the if you look at the politics explained website and these everything you need to know guides on that I will be continuously updating those as well so yeah without further Ado let's get into it so starting off with the origins and historical development of the labor party so where did the labor party originate it was founded in 1900 by a group of socialist societies and trade unions with the original purpose of getting more working-class MPS into Parliament so that they can push their interests and that's why the party was originally known until 1906 as the labor representation committee traditionally the politically active working class had supported the liberal party but by the 20th century it felt it needed a party specifically concerned with the interests of the working class and within the party's first constitution the 1918 low party Constitution Clause 4 was really key and that committed it to campaign for common ownership of the means of production distribution and exchange um so that's effectively socialism right um controlling the means of production nationalizing key Industries um I'm running them in the interest of the community rather than just for profit after the expansion the franchise to include working-class men in 1918 um the labor party was able to have more electoral success and had two minority governments um in the interwar period in 1924 and 1929 to 31 under Ramsay McDonald those didn't really have that much power and didn't have that much influences really after the war in the aptly government um at the labor party really began to have influence and that was with old labor so old labor also kind of known as social democracy you'll be doing this in your socialism topic as well um was key um to Labor's post-war social democratic government so they were real social democracy and this was old labor and the key point of this the key kind of part in low party's history where this really had influence was in the post-war post-world War II period so Clement at least 1945 government was the first one in which labor had a parliamentary majority and the first one it was able to make really important changes and they made a lot of changes they introduced nationalization of coal Railways power steel and civil aviation a comprehensive system of Social Security uh inspired by the wartime beverage reports that's really the welfare state um and the NHS free at the point of need so it's really really key important changes to the economy some of which well many of which stayed for decades and some of which continued today especially the NHS which is effectively a religion in the UK um and is really strongly supported across the political Spectrum labor governments between 1945 and 79 described themselves as socialists but were a more moderate version of socialism known as social democracy um this did emphasize the importance of redistributing wealth and creating a fairer Society but didn't try to abolish capitalism as kind of pure socialism did instead they aimed to manage it through Keynesian economic management so that it didn't exploit the workforce and that there was Full Employment and a quality of opportunity and key to that kind of mixed economy where you had capitalism 100 but you also had key industries that were state-runner nationalized and running the interests of everyone such as water energy Railways Etc a good example of their social democracy was the creation of comprehensive schools intended to promote greater quality of opportunities so that really shows a real emphasis on creating a fairer society and improving equality in the UK so old labor was was pretty successful for a couple of decades and then it began to break down um the last old labor prime minister was James Callahan and was defeated in 1979 by Thatcher leading to a division between moderate social Democrats and more left-wing elements so this was more back to real um more radical socialism um within the party um and these more left-wing elements under Michael Foote captured the party um in the 19 um or in the run-up to the 1983 election and the 193 um 1983 election Manifesto from the labor party was very hard-line socialists so kind of uh proposing even further nationalization increased tax in spending the abolition of the UK's nuclear weapons and withdrawal from the Catalyst eec that's a European economic community so it's a very um you're a skeptic at the time this is socialism and this Hardline Manifesto is often referred to as the longest suicide note in history um as it was very hard line socialist but didn't have that much um support from the public in terms of just giving you a picture of these increased tax and spending it's a lot higher than for example as we'll see Corbin um would be today obviously Corbin was recommended increasing taxes but I think I'm not completely sure on this but I think the um top rate of tax in of income tax was over 75 in these kind of proposals so very high um very high tax and also proposing quite a lot of public spending following this catastrophic defeat in 1983 Neil conectico Neil kinnick took over and he was drawn more from the social democracy again from the center left um the more moderate we had the party and really slowly began to rebuild labor weren't in power for a long period during that time so from when that actually got into power in 1979 labor wasn't in power again until 1997. and that was with new labor so new labor followed on from old labor um in the 1980s new labor began to move away um move well the labor party began to move away from its hard left position in the 1983 election so that it could broaden its support and get support not just from the working classes who were actually diminishing it in numbers of proportions of the population as the economy was changing but also from middle classes um and that yeah they need to appeal to the middle class and not just the working class in order to get elected it took two election defeats in 1987 and 1992 um as well as the election of a forceful leader um in Tony Blair to complete this process and um yeah they eventually were very successful in 1997 getting back into Power with a massive Landslide so the party was rebranded new labor and it aimed to find a third way between free market capitalism and old-style socialism under the influence of progressive thinker Anthony giddens so this is why it really did move away um even from old labor moved away from nationalization um Andrea was supporting free market capitalism more of course still with um still with commitments to equality and and gaining Affairs Society you'll cover this more when you look at the socialism topic so the party dropped unpopular policy proposal on popular policy proposals crucially it revised uh Clause 4 of its Constitution which I mentioned earlier um so there was no longer committed to nationalization and the redistribution of wealth um that's where you can really kind of potentially argue there's no longer a Socialist Party the significance of power of trade unions in the party was also downgraded and the leadership developed links with the business Community moving away from high taxes on corporations and the rich in order to develop that support this stopped the party being a purely Working Class party and was really reaching out to middle class workers a lot more labor also became more pro-european um and more Pro the EU and really emphasize managing the media project to project a modernize a modern image and try to demonstrate party unity and discipline and this kind of modernization and democratization was also really key to new labor um and that was a way in which it embraced key parts of liberalism um and it introduced big changes to the Constitution such as the evolution reforming the House of Lords under that kind of modernization and democratization um program you'll see that in the UK government um part of the course as well um in terms of Labor's constitutional reforms which they'll also before the exams this year be a video on the politics explained YouTube channel so make sure to subscribe um but I want to Landslide as I said in May 1997 helping helped by the disintegration of John Major's conservative government he then went on to be re-elected twice it was very successful um as a labor party leader um though he became unpopular due to the Iraq War before standing down in 2007 to be replaced by long-serving Chancellor Gordon Brown who was then defeated by the conservatives in the 2010 election with the Coalition um then um being the next government so quickly on Brown um the 2008 financial crash was was quite important obviously a very important um to the world economy to the UK economy to UK politics um and in response to the 2008 financial crash the treasury um pumped money into the banking system in order to boost economic activity and the government um nationalized or part nationalize the most vulnerable Banks to restore confidence Brown also broken earlier promise not to raise income tax Levels by creating a new 50 band for over 150 000 pounds a sign that labor wanted the well-off to assume responsibility for dealing with the economic situation Brown proposed to maintain public spending arguing that the DraStic cuts um suggested and ultimately imposed by the conservatives in austerity would start the economy of resources and prolong the downturn these measures led to claims that new laborers had been abandoned it was going back to Old labor but ultimately these were emergency measures at a time of time to concern and not ideologically driven it wasn't like they were nationalizing the banks because they thought it was um the best approach it was the best approach at the particular time in relation to the global financial crisis so ultimately it wasn't really a move back to Old labor much at all this move um just to kind of sum up this move to a new label is really divisive and many traditional socialists um rejected new Labor's modernizing efforts as a betrayal of their Heritage and felt that Blair Blair was too connected with the Business Leaders and the business community and too positive about free market capitalism he's building a close link to the US government leading to the Iraq War um further damaged his credentials as a progressive figure um but on so they're the kind of elements you can really see um in creating Division and new labor really being seen as moving away from old labor which I think is a very fair assessment on the other hand a lot of others argued that this move to New label was really necessary it was a necessary adaptation to a changing society in which labor could no longer get elected by just appealing to um working-class voters and they also argued that he embodied these Traditional Values in a modern setting so still had a commitment to equality still had a credential quality of opportunity still had a commitment to fairness um and a lot more progressive government than the conservatives were offering um but in a modern setting um where they could get elected and which was um suitable for the the economic situation and global economy at the time so that was new labor what you had afterwards is miliban not too important but I'll quickly go through him um you're unlikely to get asked a question about them very unlikely it might come up into Source question potentially um but between 2010 and 2015 after Gordon Brown lost the 2010 election you had the um sorry not David Ed miliban who actually beat his brother David miliban um in the labor leadership election in 2010 and in this it's all the party takeover not always coherent position um maintaining some of new Labor's policies a lot of new Labor's policies but also shifting slightly to the left so he called for a restoration of the 50 top tax rate um reduced five percent by the Coalition as well as a temporary energy freeze one shouldn't exaggerate however the extent to which miliband broke away from Blair and brown um they were Keen to re-establish Labor's reputation as competent managers of the economy early band was and didn't reject the coalition's whole economic strategy instead concentrating their attacks on the most controversial aspects of austerity such as the bedroom tax and he also called for a Crackdown on tax avoidance miliband tried to combine new labor support for business with defense of the working class which is still Labor's core constituency even if it was reaching out to other boasts as well by distinguishing between what he called predatory and responsible capitalism so mainly continued new Labor's policies but moved slightly to the left um in order to kind of reach out to the working class and maintain that constituency irrespective of the actual moderation of a lot of Miller band's policies he was dubbed Red Dead by much of the media and many media commentators ascribed his defeat in 2015 um to perceived his perceived hostility to the private sector and his willingness to return to tax and spend policies um so more they kind of painted them as returned to this old labor as being this old labor figure returning to Old labor tax and spent policies even though he really wasn't that um in much way at all he was a lot closer to me later well you have then someone who really was moving back closer to Old labor um is Corbin so by 2015 there was significant pressure from the left of the party after that defeat in 2015 to take a more radical approach with some party members attributing them being nearly wiped out in Scotland by the Scottish national party to the party being insufficiently left wing and that was the background to the victory of Jeremy corbyn uh a staunchy socialist backbencher in the in September 2015 um followed by Miller band's resignation due to his kind of stroke quite strongly left-wing agenda corbyn struggled to find the United former United Shadow cabinet and there was a second leadership contest in the Autumn of 2016 which he won triumphantly and then was kind of a bit more secure um in his power as labor party leader never bored they've been such a party divide between MPS who were more new labor right and favored a more cautious Centrist approach and its Grassroots including momentum and key movement at the time who approved of Corbin's unconventional anti-establishment and more left-wing style and many of those describe themselves as socialists as Corbin did um and his Chancellor John Madonna for example did as well so Corbin moved the party as we'll see uh later in the video um when we go through the policies in a bit more detail you move the labor party to the left to a significant extent under the slogan for the many not the few re-embracing the policies of old labor notice that covered in this Chancellor John McDonald Define themselves as socialist as did many of um the new MPS left in 2017 and 2019 under labor and much to The Wider membership Corbin marginally lost the 2017 election but was then kind of destroyed in the 2019 election with the labor having their worst electoral performance since 1935 represented a decisive rejection of Corbin's left-wing Manifesto and his old labor Manifesto and the fact that he himself was a very seems very weak leader who had inadequately handled the rise of anti-Semitism in the labor party since he came to power so Corbin fails in 2019 um Master 2019 with the conservances winning a significant majority Corbin then resigned and then you have what we come to what we have now and that's Kirsten so following the 2019 election defeat Star Wars elected as labor leader instead of the more left-wing candidate um the more corbinite candidate Rebecca Long Bailey um recognizing that Corbin's left-wing program was conclusively rejected by the electorate in 2019 stormers progressively moved the labor party closer to the center ground since coming to power and following partygate the failure of Liz trusted Administration and general dissatisfaction with the conservatives stalma's labor party overtook the conservative party in the polls and have looked likely to win the next election since the spring of 2022 so in the next two years there's going to be another election it looks quite likely that uh the labor party may win it which in 2019 or after the 2019 elections seemed kind of way off and impossible so it's a really quite a significant shift storm has also suspended Corman from the labor party um in October 2020 after the UK's human rights Watchdog concluded that the labor party broke the law by failing to Stamp Out anti-jewish racism um anti-Semitism in the labor party when Corbin was leader and dealt with anti-Semitism in the party a lot more effectively in decisions Osama came in got rid of um not got rid of but kind of suspended Corbin for his failure to deal with racism in the party um and has since dealt with it a lot more effectively and decisively okay so what I'm going to go on to now is the policies and ideas of the labor party under new labor corbyn and staff so the specification sets up you just need to know that economic policies Law and Order policies welfare policies and foreign policies um of the current labor party but I think it's very useful to really do well um in these essays you also need to know those policies for new labor and for Corbin who's a bit more like old labor obviously but you can also compare it to Old labor of the past so I've got it for all of them so starting off with new labor um in terms of economic policy it aimed to separate itself from earlier Social Democratic and old labor administrations by not increasing taxes and conserving resources before investing more in key Public Services that's really reducing the idea of kind of like or moving away from high-tech to high spend um policies of old labor they did spend though um when they kind of felt they had the financial resources to do so um and were kind of economically stable enough to do so an amazing turning major turning point was in 2002 when some increase in International Insurance contributions um led to the largest ever rise in spending on the NHS they did spend significant amounts on public services as well um kind of really showing how they were still committed to equality in the furnace new labor governments aim to reduce poverty but didn't make wiping out inequality a priority so for example they introduced a national minimum wage um it was quite Progressive policy but at a less General level less less generous level sorry um at 3.6 per hour at the time than trade unions wanted they're also quite connected to the business Community I'm very happy for individuals to get rich through hard work emphasizing social justice and equality of opportunity rather than a quality of outcome new labor supported capitalism and the use of private Finance initiatives which use the private sector in the provision of public services such as in building new schools and hospitals so that's really showing where they've moved away from nationalization really using the private sector a lot more and didn't didn't commit to any more nationalizations but actually to further privatization in terms of Law and Order policy um Blair famously said that labor must be tough on crime tough on the causes of crime um so that was setting out as positive being kind of really strong on criminal behavior and punishing it but also tackling poor social conditions that led to criminal behavior in the first place so Blair impose um conditions on the receipt of welfare benefits and brought in um anti-social behavioral orders to deal with anti-social Behavior some of Labor's measures to fight terrorism promoted the safety of the community over human rights as you can see in the rights and context um video on the politics is playing YouTube channel um in terms of immigration though labor broadly encourage and facilitated immigration seeing it as economically beneficial with a net migration to the UK quadrupling to around 200 000 per year when they were in office so quite tough on crime strong Law and Order policy but also tackling poor social conditions and quite liberal in terms of their support and immigration in terms of welfare policy as I mentioned they consistently increase spending on the NHS and education for example between 1997 and 2007 the core spend per pupil in terms of Education spending Rose 48 and there are record results in schools with Blair and a really emphasizing his support of education so in 1997 he was asked what is three most important priorities were and he said education education education um in terms of other welfare policies you can choose the winter fuel payment for pensioners and free off-peak travel for over 65s um whilst it also inches the minimum wage and Working Families tax credit as part of policies aimed at promoting work um in terms of foreign policy it's obviously quite high profile under Blair especially with the Iraq War um and his Premiership became largely defined by foreign policy especially his decision to support George Bush's invasion of Iraq in 2003. um other foreign policies at new labor also doubled foreign aid spending when they're in power in terms of other policy new labor introduced a comprehensive set of constitutional reforms they end up modernizing and democratizing politics in the UK as I mentioned so Devolution reform in the House of Lords introducing the Supreme Court and passing the 1988 human 1998 sorry Human Rights Act um and new labor also sought to improve female representation in Parliament through um all females uh shortlist as one mechanism to do so overall new labor moved significantly away from old blade policies and a lot more Centrist allowing them to get support from a lot of middle class voters they shouldn't be seen as very left-wing but they did combine prioritizing National finances um with significant spending on the NHS education and other services as well as significant constitutional reforms they were certainly more centrists moving away from nationalization moving away from high tax um High spend but did nonetheless have significant spending on the NHS and did invest in the welfare say um and public services so moving on to Corbin as I said under Miller band that was largely followed as he moved slightly to the left it's undercover where it move really moved quite a bit further to the left um so in 2019 in the 29 2019 Manifesto especially Corbin pledged to significantly increase taxes by introducing a new 50 tax rate for those earning over 125 000 pounds and raising corporation tax from 21 to 26 so that's moving a bit away from kind of really being close to the business Community especially um and to the rich in 2019 labor also pledged six big nationalizations that's really moving back um they didn't they didn't reintroduce clause for the Constitution but they did introduce a lot more nationalization again um so they pledged to nationalize rail mail water energy Broadband relevant parts of BT and ending private Finance initiatives which would have led to an over 200 billion pound increase in the assets held by the public sector in terms of Law and Order policy corbyn opposed cuts to police numbers which is where it's kind of a similarity with um Blair rights and new labor as he believed it jeopardized Public Safety so you can see that has been quite um relatively tough on crime um but there was actually kind of a bit of a move away from that tough on crime starts more focused on the tough on the causes of crime um focusing more on dealing with poverty and inequality um and yeah rejecting that new labor is really strong tough strong crime in 2019 and 2017 labor also pledged to end immigration targets by the conservatives which sought to limit immigration so similarly quite supportive um of immigration and um Coleman's Premiership was marred by accusations of being close to terrorist groups in the past that's also important to um policy in terms of welfare policy corbyn strongly opposed benefit cuts and also pledged in 2019 to replace the Universal Credit benefit system he also importantly oppose the use of private sector of the private sector to deliver Public Services um that was one quite key aspect to new labor what they did do is they used the private sector in the delivering of Public Services With Private Financial initiatives and a central aspect of new labor um sorry a central um aspect of um corbyn as was of old labor was kind of a wholly state-run NHS in 2019 labor also pledged an average annual increase of 4.3 in overall health and social care spending so maybe similar to new labor that also pledging increases in um in spending on the NHS in 2019 labor also placed to a freezer State Pension at the age of 66 um and to scrap tuition fees and end the charitable status of private schools introducing a lifelong um adult learning Service as well so some important policies on education um really tackling the private sector there as well in terms of foreign policy as a back venture Corbin was generally anti-capitalist and anti-western consistently voting against the use of force and Western intervention um he wanted the UK out of NATO and wanted to get rid of trident so some very kind of very left-wing policies in terms of foreign policy when he got into Power he was slightly Limited in this um with the labor party kind of in both elections pledging not to pull out of NATO and to pay for trident due to the incessence of the public and moderate MPS in and out of the cabinet um but nonetheless Corbin was a lot more supportive of a much more left-wing foreign policy which can be seen as a bit more close like as closer to Old labor than new labor um in 2019 Labor's Manifesto included they would have a second referendum on brexit which are strongly supported by starmer at the time um who I think was Minister for leaving the European Union um though Corbin's view is less clear making him um look quite weak so another aspect that Auntie um your skepticism of corbyn kind of another aspect of old labor that came through in terms of other policies um in 2019 labor pledged to build a hundred thousand Council houses each year um and to extend 30 hours of free child care to all two to four year olds so you could include that in a policy on in a parallel from welfare policy so overall Corbin shifted the low party policy significantly to the left back to Old labor and social democracy and pledged huge increases in public spending so now the currently the most important thing is the current policies of the labor party so in terms of Economic Policy labor party policy currently states that those earning above 80 000 pounds will pay a little more income tax but that National Insurance and income tax for everyone else will be frozen um so that's not as radical as Corbin in terms of Taxation um neighbor of criticized the conservatives approach to the cost of living crisis and pledge to decrease disparities within Society um so Starman said he'd respond to a public sector strikes with negotiation um to find a fair pay deal for workers so that can be seen a bit closer to Old labor and that he would oppose anti-strike legislation um by the conservatives on the other hand though he's also discouraged labor MPS from going to picket lines um showing less support than Corbin or old labor would have for striking works so that's why you can see him a bit closer to new neighbor some was also pleased to create a nationalized Great British Energy company and to nationalized rail but he's removed Corbin's other planned nationalization so that's where in some ways he can be seen as a bit similar to Old labor right because it's pledging to introduce two naturalizations but has rejected the other nationalizations which is where he's closer to Old labor um in terms of Law and Order policy labor of pledge to recruit two thousand more Frontline police workers than the conservatives showing a strong approach to tackling crime um the manifesto um so their current labor party policy also details specific attention to the importance of working alongside youth workers Mental Health Services schools and Drug rehabilitations centers to ensure the police are working closely with communities so that's a bit more back to the tough on uh the causes of crime um and it therefore overall teams are like quite a similar approach to Blair's tough on crime tough on the cause of crime with all of these policies um these could change before your exam right especially there's an election you could get a um a bit of a clear picture if there's an election and a Manifesto um so make sure to keep looking out on the news for changes in labor party policy they shouldn't change too much they should these should give you a good idea of of um well if it's still a startup they shouldn't change too much we should give you an idea of the general picture of policy on immigration the start system is labor policy hasn't been clear um and he's clearly kind of trying to keep Pro and anti-immigration parts um of his party and voters on side by criticizing the conservatives plans to deport illegal immigrants to Rwanda um but arguing that UK businesses must become less dependent on immigration and that a common sense approach to immigration must be taken so really a bit more um to the center on that in that sense to try and not alienate a lot of Voters who would have voted for the concerns in 2019 but now thinking of moving back to labor in terms of welfare policy laborers pledged to increase a 150 billion pound social transformation fund um which will replace upgrade and expand schools hospitals Care Homes and Council houses that's really showing a significant public spending so that's why you could see it a bit a bit closer to call with an old labor um and it also reassured a 10 pound uh an hour National real living wage for all of those 16 and over star must also pledged to keep the NHS free at the point of use but crucially moving back to Old labor had pledged to involve Private health care to cut waiting times and reform the NHS and be ruthless with bureaucratic monsons starma has also pledged uh scrap private school's charity status and tax breaks and use the 1.7 billion pounds this was raised to improve the state sector so that's where similar to Corbin um and old labor a bit more in terms of foreign policy um the funding for un peacekeeping operations um would be increased to 100 million especially in the past what Corbin actually thought rather obviously his positive strategy constrained when he was late parties in terms of what Corbin actually thought in terms of NATO Western intervention some is quite a bit far away from that right closer to new labor in terms of that intervention so you'd also renew um Trident um and pledge to make multi multilateral efforts to abide by the non-proliferation treaty to eventually create a nuclear free world a commitment of spending um of at least two percent of GDP on defense has also been included so quite a strong starts on defense as well finally in terms of other policy um storm ablation 2022 to a Take Back Control bill which would hand more decisions to local leaders um and a new department for women that inequalities will be created with a full-time Secretary of State and further a modernized Women's National commission as an independent advisory body Advisory Board sorry would be created and promoted in an attempt to eradicate into politics um discrimination overall starma has moved the position of Labor's Manifesto closer to the center and is definitely closer to Ed miliban's policies and even new labor likely um than that of course that's a judgment you can make though yourselves as well there's a heavy emphasis on incorporating the community and those marginalized within it particularly through police Outreach but uh so that's quite important there's also kind of um a bit more of a commitment to moving labor back to a party that's favorable to business um and the kind of not so hostile to business and to the rich so quickly a lot of this I've gone through already but some key ways in which leopardy policy is similar to Corbin and old labor um starters pledge to renationalize rail and energy right so they aren't that internationalization no less radical than Corbin there are also ways in which storm is welfare policy is similar to Old labor with significant investment in public services and pledging to scrap the charitable status of private schools that's also similar to new labor though um they knew they did also have significant investment in public services Law and Order policy doesn't seem that similar to new Labor's tough on crime tough on the causes of crime but also isn't that dissimilar from Corbin with an old lady with an emphasis on that kind of tough on the cause of crime which you had um under Corbin in terms of ways in which current policy is similar to new labor current policy wants to keep most Industries privatized and use private provision within the NHS so that's very much closer to new labor um stormers strong support for Ukraine defense spending and NATO is similar to new labor whilst his taxation policy is on the rich especially corporation tax and attitudes towards business in general is arguably closer to new labor than it is told labor and Corbin who is more corporate specialist focused on for the manual for you um I said Law and Order policy doesn't seem that dissimilar from new labor um and his approach towards striking work has seen similar to new labor um to how new labors would have um been emphasizing negotiation but not supporting striking workers as strongly as Corbin or old labor would have so if that gives you some ideas of key points of analysis you could use in your essays um so yeah that's all the content I recognize this is a very difficult topic um and this one you need to kind of really keep up with the news for um as I said at the start of the video in terms of practicing it doing three um essay plans um those three essay plans in bold should be a if you do those make them detailed and just revise from those essay plans you should have enough content in there um to really cover the key stuff but also not overwhelm you and then you should be able to be able to translate that to different questions obviously you really need to adapt them to different questions you can't just use the same massive ones you need to um but you should have enough content and some key ideas and put some analysis in there um to adapt them to different questions that could come up and then evaluate the extent to which the labor party remains true to its Traditional Values and principles in that um you could do different areas of policy so you could do this around arguments just to give you some ideas though you could do it around different areas of policy you could do Economic Policy welfare policy foreign policy for example um evaluate the view that the current labor party policy is closer to that of new labor than it is to labor party policy under corbyn again you could do those kind of topical paragraphs Economic Policy uh welfare policy um foreign policy or you could do it based on arguments so maybe two key ways similar to new labor with counterpoints in relation to all labor and one key way they're more similar to corbyn with counterpoints um but within so completely up to you and then evaluate the view the policies of the labor and conservative parties are more similar than they are dissimilar um that's one where um you obviously need the conservative party video and lesson as well um again you could do that on kind of Economic Policy foreign policy and Welfare policy could be a really good way um to revise and to potentially um structure it in the exam thought all three of these questions they'll soon be essay plans for these on the politics explained website if you don't want to make them yourself um or if you want some guidance which you can purchase there and as I said on the positive system website there's also a lot of other help in terms of other essay plans um everything you need to know guides which are kind of these ones up here um but ones that are going to be updated on the website um also Exemplar essays and Christian kind of a key point you can sign up for tutoring if that's something you you'd be interested in as well as soon as I said I'm going to be introducing some group tutoring um so that kind of um which will be a bit cheaper as well um so yeah that's pretty much everything um thank you very much for watching feel free to drop any questions or comments uh in the comment section below if there's anything you need a little bit more help with and I'll see you next time