Overview
This lecture introduces legal psychology, its focus areas, its distinction from forensic psychology, and its role in the broader field of psychology and law.
Introduction to Legal Psychology
- Legal psychology studies how psychological principles apply to the law, legal institutions, and those interacting with them.
- Focuses on applying social and cognitive psychology to legal issues such as eyewitness memory, jury decisions, investigations, and interviews.
Legal Psychology vs. Forensic Psychology
- The term "legal psychology" is used to separate research-based experimental work from the clinical focus of forensic psychology.
- Together, legal and forensic psychology make up the field known as psychology and law.
History and Development
- Psychology and law emerged as a formal field in the 1960s with aims to improve justice.
- The original focus on justice has become less central over time.
Professional Organizations and Goals
- The American Psychology-Law Society (APA Division 41) advances research, education, and service at the intersection of psychology and law.
- The society educates psychologists about legal issues and legal professionals about psychological issues.
- Similar organizations exist in Britain and Europe.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Legal Psychology — The empirical study of psychological processes in law and legal institutions.
- Forensic Psychology — The clinical application of psychology within legal contexts, e.g., assessments or treatment.
- Psychology and Law — The combined interdisciplinary field that addresses legal issues using psychological knowledge.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the main differences between legal and forensic psychology.
- Explore the activities of the American Psychology-Law Society.