3D Printed Construction Innovations in Europe

Mar 16, 2025

Lecture Notes: 3D Printed Construction in Europe

Key Features of 3D Printed Construction

  • Efficiency: The machine can lay down concrete in layers, building four square meters of wall per hour.
  • Speed: More than three times faster than conventional building methods when constructing sophisticated architecture.
  • Resource Efficiency: Requires less material and fewer workers, making it a cleaner option compared to traditional construction methods.
  • Personnel: Only three workers needed:
    • One operates the 3D printer.
    • One manages the mixing machine.
    • One oversees operations and performs minor tasks.

Construction Site Management

  • Responsibilities:
    • Site manager oversees concrete mixer operations and manages office work via smartphone.
    • Anchors are attached at intervals to support double walls.
    • 3D printer operations are monitored on a computer screen.

3D Printing Process

  • Design Collaboration: Architects design with input from construction team, focusing on feasibility.
  • File Preparation:
    • Design converted to a step file.
    • Step file is sliced to obtain a g code.
    • G code sent to printer to start construction.

Building Specifications

  • Construction: Building is 54m long, 11m wide, and 9m high.
  • Functionality: No windows needed as it will house computer servers.
  • Development: Utilizes a BOD2 3D printer by Danish company COBOD.
  • Traditional and Modern Mix: Cement ceilings poured conventionally.

Architectural and Financial Aspects

  • Innovation: Largest and highest 3D printed building designed by architect Jan Falkman.
  • Experimentation: Opportunity to test new methods within simple architectural guidelines.
  • Investment: Total cost of 2.5 million euros including land.
  • Profitability: Transition to 3D printing aimed for economic viability.

Future of 3D Printing in Construction

  • Growth Prospects: Expected to transition from experimental to commercial phase.
  • Personal Preferences: Site manager prefers 3D printing over conventional methods and plans to continue in this field.
  • Market Trends: Contracts secured for next two years.

Conclusion

  • 3D printing in construction is proving to be an efficient, innovative, and economically viable alternative to traditional construction methods, with significant potential for market expansion.