about to leave already packing come with me I'm not really asking we'll get away to a place where we don't [Music] know about to see the world in action what we can be like with no distractions we'll get away this is what we waited for take my hand we'll make it somehow we can't miss out I'm done living life with the lights out die with my own doubts be free with me let's go let's be free with me [Music] now looking back eyes on the freeway Bonnie and glide a classically sh we're on the run this is what we waited for take my hand we'll make it somehow we can miss now I'm done living life with the light with my own [Music] he [Music] let be free [Music] good evening afternoon whichever we are and Welcome to our latest live stream I'm joined this evening by Craig and Anna man to point in the right direction for change my name is Duncan and we've got a range of activities for you this evening on the subject of whether sociology is a science now we've got um in the chat window we have got the MoGo says how the heck would I know well hopefully after um the 30 minutes or so of activities you'll take a view one way or the other as to whether sociology may or may not be a science um so we've got a range of activities we'll get straight on with them I think if you are watching live you're very welcome to join in in the live chat window um with those activities um sometimes it'll just be typing in A B C or D sometimes it might be asking for a little bit more than that um and as we go through we'll discuss some of the features of this debate really as to whether sociology could be considered scientific or not okay um oh we've got from aishan is it a social science but not science like physics or chemistry that is definitely one of the uh one of the features of this debate I'm sure that will come up in the uh in the discussion so watch this space for the answer to that question okay um okay so first up we've got something called a bubble quiz um Craig do you want to start us off with this one yeah sure yeah um in the bubble quiz we have a number of correct answers between zero and four uh obviously today we're looking at this debate of whether sociology can or should be seen as being science um but this also incorporates other elements of the sociology cause things like values and value Freedom as well so our first question here is looking at how values could influence sociological research the idea would be is that you know values are left outside of scientific inquiry but which of these might influence sociological research uh now again can be between zero and four correct answers so we have methodological preference the methods that a researcher chooses the theoretical perspective are they Marxist feminist functionalist interactionist postmodernist the funding body that is who pays for the research who commissions the research in the first place and the sociologist's career which of those could influence sociological research lots of people are straight away going for B the theoretical perspective so remember with this one of correct yeah I was going to say remember this one it's not a straightforward multiple choice question there might be more than one right answer but as Craig has just said you are right B is B is correct but maybe more definitely one of the yeah definitely one of the correct answers there because of course your theoretical perspective is going to alter the way in which you look at the world um and therefore also the way you conduct your research we've also got d and a coming in and both of those are correct as well sociologist career depending on where they are in their career if they're an early career sociologist for example they may be less likely to have a choice over what they do uh whereas if they're later in their career they may be more likely to influence the research both the choice and the methodology and and a methodological preference of course different methods can be used um and therefore that will influence the values that you are used okay so let's look at our right answers the only one that didn't get mentioned funding body is also is funding body is also true as well if we think about funding bodies well if you think about um say for example Research into environmental change if that research is conducted by business businesses for example energy companies they may come up with a very different conclusion um or they may have a very different influence on the research than say if it was conducted by an environmental group so um obviously you know things like if we think about Research into Shale gas hack um fracking um then obviously sort like if you're a business sort likeo or shell or one of the big energy companies there may be an ulterior motive in you saying whether fracking is good or bad bad um whereas if you're an environmental uh group they may be more likely to sort like air on the side of the environment and of course those values can influence research and mean that the research isn't truly scientific let's look at question number two which of the following are part of mdos Moses Merton's Kudos Norms I'm trying to get Murdoch M Kudos all all mixed up in my mouth there which of the part of mos Merton's done it again's Kudos Norms um you may have come across this if you were doing sociology sorry if you doing beliefs ideology and science as part of your beliefs in society you cannot also use Merton's ideas in this sociology as a science debate because as a functionalist he discussed what features science should have to be scientific and whether sociology has those so dis dis interestedness credibility universality and objectivity which of the following are part of Merton's Kudos Norms so to help us out the each of the letters in cudos is an it's an acronym so they all stand for something so there is something starting with a c something starting with a u something starting with a d something starting with an O and something starting with an s could be some of these words but it might not be yeah have you got the correct word again it can be between zero and four correct answers you might decide that none of these are in cudos Norms you might decide they all are it is a tough one I think if you've done beliefs in society and you've done science ideology and um religion it's more likely to come up there um some people may cover it in with e theorum methods part as well of year 13 when they talk about the contributions of M of functionalism but it can be used in the sociology of science debate let's reveal the answers okay here we go our two correct answers are disinterestedness and universality the idea that um research re researchers shouldn't be doing it for individual prestige in terms of disinterestedness they're doing it for the the the knowledge that is gained from science universality means that it doesn't matter on your reputation um it doesn't matter as long as you've conducted it using the correct methodology that we should look after these Concepts uh the other two that aren't there it's not credibility it is communism we had a little debate about this this afternoon because um if you are if you read some like the US text they talk about it as being communalism as opposed to Communism obviously because in the US communism has um some very weighted concerns about it obviously it's it's far too um Linked In with um communism so they didn't like to use that so they Ed communalism but Merton actually did use the phrase communism which is quite Brave considering he's writing it in the 194s and there was a period of McCarthyism going on there but you do see it referred to in some science textbooks as communalism or communality and the other one is actually OS it's actually um organized skepticism rather than objectivity and this is the idea that we continually challenge what we see in the Sciences um through things like peer review so obviously by communism he didn't mean like um you know sort of Lenin or whatever it was the idea that um it's a collective effort is science and that that people work together it's you peer review and you add it's a cumulative thing over time it's not it's not an individual Pursuit and that it should be free to access for all yeah um which is I've seen a few articles recently talking about like how Merton's Kudos Norms are science The Sciences generally and research generally has moved away from Merton's kud Do's Norms um because of the interest of capitalism in terms of sort like putting things behind pay walls so we can't all access this information question number three be with me a second I've lost my yeah there we go sorry about okay okay so which of these methods are more more likely to be seen as scientific is it participant observations lab experiments field experiments or unstructured interviews which of these are more likely to be seen as scientific because this is another thing you can do in this sociology the science debate is use um some other different methods that sociologists use and when when they do use these they do follow scientific principles one of one of these should be nice and clear I should think what what is the main method that scientists use when they're doing conducting their research um so if you're a psychologist psychologists like to use these a lot don't they so I feel we should be reasonably confident with B you know somewhat was it abish Shan at the start us you know different from like physics and chemistry and things but in physics and chemistry we do lab experiments don't we and ab's gone CDA um two of those are correct no one of those is one one of those is correct yeah alongside lab experiment it's field experiment yeah uh participant observations because they are participant they usually tend to end up influencing the behavior of others so therefore they're seen as being less scientific and unstructured interviews as well because they they're difficult to repeat because the research is asking up follow-up questions based upon the responses they receive means that they May lack reliability in the sociological sense not the psychological sense because other people would say that so lab experiments and field experiments because they both manipulate variables and they're both quantitative methods as well which means that they're really useful um for proving science yeah I was going to say with the instruct interviews they produce a lot of qualitative data which you know isn't going to be what science those who see science are particularly after they're wanting the quantitative dat okay that's right yeah uh which of the following sociologists suggested sociology could be a science okay so compt Marx Becka or durine which of those suggested sociology can be a science and should be studied or Society should be studied scientifically if you know your founding fathers or founders of Sociology well actually all of these are male I was going to say they are aren't they okay so zup's coming with a compt is correct compt is one compt one of the earliest positivists might give you a little bit of a a nudge there anybody else done positivist research or research that is used by positiv or you know cited as positivist I'd say compt is the most um un how should we put it one where there's the least debate that they would definitely say sociology was scientific they yeah yeah that was the so that is the the best of the right answers if you the other two there are two more correct answers there are Marx and durine um you may be surprised with marks in ter in terms of Sci um scientific inquiry he believe that that that sociology should be St you know sociology could be a science and it should be studied scientifically um however like most marks is very skeptical of the institutions that run science durkheim of course as well sortly quite famously um his study on suicide is seen as being um held by positivists as being a way in which we can study Society because we can observe social facts question number five which sociological perspective Ives are skeptical of the role of science may have given at least one answer away there and the fact that we' mentioned positivism might might also help you with another answer to narrow that down positivists postmodernists marxists or feminists which of these may be skeptical of the role of science it's a bit of a tough one but you could get these iiv is coming with D and B D and B are correct yeah absolutely there's another one and that was the other one is the one that you just gave away Z and Sophie s like as well there with be yeah postmodernists thought they could see science as being a matter narrative and that we should actually look to more micro approaches to understand s like the way Society is organized in in today feminists of course see science has being malstrom and based on male you know obviously it's it's basically men studying men it's very male dominated and it and science um forgot the word I'm looking for here so like science kind of underplays the achievements of women even within the scientific fields and of course marxists are very skeptical of it because science serves cap ISM okay we should pass over to Al oh sorry all right that was too quick um okay this one might be a little bit easier um 60c challenge um you've got definitions on one side and uh you need to sorry key terms on one side definitions jumbled on the other side so 60 seconds to try and match up a to F with the correct options from 1 to six um so yeah you can just write for example A1 or whatever so let's go some nice dramatic music yeah we got the music back this week yeah we missed the music didn't we yeah when you're away Duncan there's no music cuz we finally figured out you're the one who's playing it in the background conducting a full Orchestra for this one [Music] if you spot one put that one in you don't need to wait till you've got them all yeah just go for it any of them any of them you think you've got got 5 Seconds left guys let's see some answers oh dear got got any answers I'm sure we've got some of these let's we'll give you a second or two more I thought this is going to be a little bit easier um let's see come on guys anyone have one have a little go a paradigm which definition do you think goes with that one oh so Olivia's gone in with falsification number four right that will be correct so we can take number four out of the options what about Paradigm Olivia put a before I don't know if it was a I don't know if it's a mped one Olivia had put a before and yeah we didn't see what the option was Olivia maybe you want to go back and add add your number now for a or do give us a different one if not and then see let's have a little think value commitment guys what could be a logical a logical definition for that one anyone and we know what objectivity is don't we so we can do D I'm feeling I'm feeling nice and optimistic we're going to get a couple more of these before we reveal them just mentioned social tax as well we did just mention social we didn't quite Define it I did mention it shall we solve the wall Show the answers yeah yeah yes let's go for oh Sophie's coming with C6 Pops in with a C6 and that was correct yeah well done good okay so we have paradigm so a was number three Olivia's got in E1 and she's correct there as well yeah we may have a slight delay we might sorry if we have yeah that's a tiny delay but with then we did give a little pause um okay guys so yeah I think so Paradigm is our framework of scientific laws Concepts and theories anyone want a little bonus go a bonus question anyone want to say who uses that term feel free to pop that in there that might be in the next yeah it might be it's coming up a couple of times I think it's coming up a couple of times we can see if they're paying attention then when we get to the next activity um same with falsification as well aim of testing hypotheses to prove them wrong you might want to start thinking who said that as well because that's coming up later too um and then empirical evidence observable evidence in the physical collect in the physical or social world and social facts phenomena that cause events in the social world so all of these things I think are going to be Revisited okay in fact we're going to revisit them right now in our CH we have three three questions to ask you one's mild one's spicy one's hot uh today I would say the mild and spicy are pretty interchangeable and in in terms of sort of like I think you know I could have put either question either way um associated with the concept of falsification or associated with the concept of Paradigm shifts two sociologists or two thinkers I would say I would describe them as really philosophers um who are often used in the sociology of science debate often used um you will have come across their names certainly the concept of falsification and the concept of Paradigm shifts one you might not have come across is grounded Theory now I'll just try and give a brief explanation of grounded Theory whereas some scientific methods will take a topdown approach and they will start with a hypothesis and look to prove that grounded Theory works from the bottom up so it starts to make conclusions after it's gathered evidence and this is often seen as being a way in which sociology works as opposed to a science where a science will come with we're going to prove that a a causes B sociology tends to gather evidence and then form conclusions and there um this idea of grounded theory is associated with two sociologists uh so if we know the names put them on I think we've got a timer on here oh yeah we have is it we do have a timer on here and some music hopefully the Bongos are back okay Olivia you have Olivia you do have the right answer but for which one for a mild or a space is for number one or is it for number two or is it for number three well number three we know is two [Music] sociologists but Carl poppet is the right answer to the mild question excellent well done oh wow Sophie's coming with [Music] Wow Sophie you've got them all right excellent well done uh straight away so it clearly Bic question was not my hot question was not as hot as I thought it was yes well done Sophie yeah call POA although you put proper but hey you know you got the you got them all right that'd be fine H car Poppa yes did talk about the concept of falsification as being a major feature of science as Anna has just um gone through in the previous activity the concept of Paradigm shifts going to look at this again in a moment when we talk about how to evaluate and the work of Thomas krun and Glazer and Stripes talk about grounded Theory excellent well done with the value wheel we're going to also think about this debate in sociology as a science and how we need to make evaluations throughout it it could potentially be a 20 Mark essay I do I'm not going to say uh too much just in case people have mocks um but it could potentially be is sociology of science or you could get a smaller question on sociology of science if you were to get a 20 Mark essay on sociologies a science what you might want to do is evaluate some of the points that you are making and make an explicit evaluation so in this evaluation we're going to show this value wheel we're going to show you a a comment that a student is you an argument as a student put forward and suggested that sociology can't be a science because it doesn't have this dominant Paradigm there is not an accepted body of knowledge in sociology we often have different perspectives where we have Marxism functionalism feminism um interactionism postmodernism and many many others that you that you may not have come across and when you're there particularly in contemporary Society we have so many other kind of theories that you will go on to study if you take sociology further but let's make an evaluation of this idea that sociology can't be a science because there is a dominant Paradigm let's spin it and see what we we looking for on our value wield we have kind of five categories of evaluation strength a criticism an alternative a limitation or some evidence to either support or reject um the argument that's been put forward in this instance we spun up criticized so how can we criticize the argument that sociology can't be a science because it doesn't have a dominant Paradigm so we're going to criticize this view we may want to look at somebody we've just been discussing in the last section somebody who may be quite skeptical about science generally so imagine a students put forward this argument that sociology can't be scientific because there are too many different ideas it doesn't have this dominant Paradigm and therefore we can't you know we can't make judgments based upon this Paradigm what happens in science does science have dominant paradigms are they always the same I mean I could lose I could lose count of of how many different kind of paradigm that we've had for existence of the universe in kind of like in kind of um astrophysic astrophysics and because it keeps changing doesn't it the existence of the universe and How the Universe Works what happens is let's show our evaluation as soon as we build up a body of knowledge that disproves a paradigm there is what we call a paradigm shift so once we've got enough evidence to disprove an existing Paradigm then it shifts and the argument here is that well while sociology has doesn't have a dominant Paradigm well science has paradigms that change on a regular basis so a body of knowledge and what we understand and know about the world changes dramatically as well and these paradigms mean that we move from one to the other so therefore science isn't even really scientific if we say that it has to have a dominant paradigm got some now one I was waiting for somebody else to say something then sorry um right so on to Red hering um red heading red hering round um so four items and one is the other one out you need to work out which one and why so what would be the connection between the other three so our first one sorry we've no one saw that key words here systematic measurable observable and subjective which of those words may be the odd one out and why see if we've got any sorry about that then we we have another version of red herring where the fish swim and I'd forgotten this wasn't the this wasn't the sping one and so I I thought I thought there was something else happened before the answer I do apologize um I'm going to go on a lemon SCE systematic oh yeah but I'd be completely wrong but systematic anyone gonna have a go on the chat window who thinks Craig's wrong you doesn't think that doesn't look like anyone saw your answer Duncan does it no I thought people would be straight in I was just th trying to throw another red herring in by giving the wrong it is in fact subjective yeah and that's because the other three key terms or words are associated with science or scientific method so science tends to um employ systematic methods um looking for measurable evidence and observable facts um subjective we would associate more with interpretivism and non-scientific approach to sociological study okay next one right we've got four four men vabor Poppa and dirheim which one of these is not welcome at the party let's see I tell you what any no one's answering my red herrings I I don't know what I don't I'm not quite sure what type of party that would be if those interesting I mean just to sort of help us just to help us although it might not totally help with finding out the connection between the other three we have mentioned three of those people and not one of them so far yeah that might that might assist it might [Music] they're all G quiet again there oh we always think that ones where you can just type in ABC or D will be the ones where people have go yeah although this is only you know haven't got very many letters to write down no ABC also we also have to consider some people s like may not have covered that kind of Sociology science debate absolutely um just yet usually one of those debates that's left till till quite lat end kind of thing yeah so it might be something that's coming up in the next few weeks and if you you know sort like if you start yeah the other thing I'd say is and this is to try and encourage people to have a go is there's the right answer that's going to come up on the uh screen but there's more than one possible odd one out you might get a different odd one out for a different reason and and you know that would be interesting too yeah yeah um with this particular one it's vber because he's not associated with a scientific approach to sociological study and the other three are I mean we could have said we could have said that a was the OD one out because the other three have an e in their name couldn't we we could have so you know you don't you're not necessarily wrong if you don't have we could have said D derim was the odd one out and the other three or at least to some extent question the extent to which it's scientific there's a few way you know there's a few ways you could go go with it aren't there we could go all the way way back to one of our very first um live streams could also sort like say vber is the odd one out because he's the only one who has a series of barbecues named after him which is something I never knew yeah I've seen those in home base yeah um okay and now we've got some more key terms subjectivity Paradigm value freedom and value commitment so what might be the odd one out here we're going in a different direction now where have Olivia and Sophie gone I know they were I thought they were all over this maybe they've gone these can be quite challenging this there's two bits didn't they trying to work out the odd one out and then also there's the connection trying to work out what connects the other three I I do think that often like sociologist or scientist often s like the one of the harder parts of the course I mean before we were writing this I actually went and listened to the Tor to You video on sociology as a science and realized it was the only one that I hadn't recorded you that one I did so I switched it on I switched it on and I was like oh I need to I need to come up with some ideas for this and I switched it on I was like oh it's Duncan completely forgot I hadn't done that one yeah and I did go and have a little read of the textbook I mean even though I've taught this already because I normally do it before I do beliefs so the science bit they've just done the science bit before we do the beliefs and science so I did actually teach it in January but I said had to have a little reread of the textbook before I did my activities yeah it's one of the bits that's kind of conceptually hardest I think in the yeah yeah shall we have a look let's have a look okay so it is Paradigm so the other three are associated with the value Freedom debate so this is what comes kind of after are is sociology a science debate and there is some overlap we will we will then debate whether sociology should be and can be value free um and yeah these terms are three that are not highlighted are connected with that debate Okay so we've got four theories interpretivism feminism positivism and postmodernism um which of these might be the OD one out and why oh well I've got an idea based on some of our what we said early on as well but yeah come on guys let's have a go yeah this has been touched on already not quite exactly the same way but some of the ideas C Sophie's coming and said c yeah okay that's a good shout Sophie you want to do you have an do you want to give us an idea of why you think it's c what might be the connection with the others you are right yeah I think it's very very incredibly similar to um a question in the bubble quiz isn't it I realized that when we were writing these like you'd written yours first honor I think I've just clearly copied off you it's not it's not quite the same as it so yeah clearly copied off you um yeah failed this week yeah this is positivism and so Sophie was right and that's because um the other three theories disagree with the idea of value freedom and think that um that it that value should influence our research and sopie said because they believe sociology is a science and the others do not and that is correct yeah well done Sophie yeah absolutely very good okay um okay we've got four different methods I really should have yeah I'm just looking down going I really should have looked at your red hering in more before I my we copied here haven't we I've cop there wasn't loads but the thing is there wasn't loads to go with there's not loads of content is there so have it's more conceptually tricky than lots of content that content heavy yeah so we got four methods questionnaire surveys the comparative method lab experiments and participant observation which of those might be the odd one out well we could say that this is a check on your learning yeah exactly so we're checking on your learning from earlier on if you're paying attention at the start if you're paying attention unlike Craig was when he was writing his part yeah it's different enough to be a good Chuck at least we're all thinking along the same lines you know yeah okay should we reveal yeah I think we really don't we yeah okay so it is participant observation because the other three methods would be associated with positivism and the positivist approach to doing research whereas podman observation would be associated with interpretivism okay we got the big reveal this this mine as well yeah okay um so we're going to have five Clues and the idea is to try and work out the answer before the fifth clue gets revealed um let's see how we do so we challenge traditional views of science oh challenge traditional views that would hint to me that they do think about science a little bit yeah it doesn't it's different from saying they dismissed science altogether isn't it yeah yeah that might help and we disagree that all scientific facts are observable so by observable we mean that we can see them like so for example if we um added one chemical to another and it changes color it's interesting because I mean I'm not a scientist so I always worry that when I start talking about science I might like reveal my ignorance but there's yeah particularly with like kind of um some of the more theoretical physics and things there's quite a lot that isn't really empirical measurable observable dat isn't there really there quite that's much more well things like gravity we can't see can we like um no although we can test it I suppose can't we we can test yeah I used to it's I think the concept of seeing also includes data doesn't it but see if that had been flipped around I would have gone with one specific I would have gone with s if it had been we disagree all scientific facts obser I probably would have gone for interpretivism first of all the fact that they challenge traditional fusive science I think it might be something else mhm oh we identify open and closed systems of science so we do talk about science but we make a distinction between different types of science we don't just can throw it all together in one lump that's interesting Megan has come in with an answer I think you may be correct it's not come up on oh yes that look that's that sounds that sounds promising to me let's have a look at number four we think researching the social world is more similar to science than positivists and interpretivist suggest it is that's because maybe their idea of science is different yeah I'm thinking like studying the weather for example yeah Earth volcanoes or earthquakes yeah okay let's have a we know what's happened we know what's happened but we sorry we know why it has happened but we can't predict no we might be able to make models and things that can give us some ideas but we can't say exactly what will happen therefore we argue that sociology can be a science I think I think Megan really was correct well done got it nice and early on well done you did three clues in that's good well done okay what's next I'm a key Concept in the debate about whether sociology should be a science oh that's a bit broad could be a lot at the moment could it yeah can throw some ideas out in the chat window if you want but I think we need more might need another clue yeah I exist in the social world that's still quite broad although I think I now might know what it is but just because although lots of things exist in the social world it would be an odd way of talking about most things like my chair exists in the social World sounds quite philosophical doesn't it it does does a this is very philosophical for a Wednesday at 20 to6 I can be studied in an observable and systematic way I'm kind of thinking people like durkheim and compt are going to be interested in this kind of thing I mean I thought this is important actually because this key concept was the wording of a 10 marker on 2022 I think paper all right which yeah set quite a lot of students so I think the more we can use it and talk about it the better make ourselves familiar and comfortable with it a lot panicked they panicked when they saw it I think a lot of people mistook this for official statistics didn't they this kind of phrase yeah um positivists think I can be measured in a quantitative way what is it what is this thing I'm think this exist levels of integration levels of Regulation am I on the right lines I don't know integration and regulation famous kind of study social integration yeah I can't remember what clue is that might have he might come up in number five I can't remember what it is oh sorry am I giving it away no so that's not getting any answers are we so we're talking about thing that exists we're talking about something that could be observed systematically something could be measured counted and illustrating dur study of suicide gave a bit of a hint to durme earlier should we have a look social social yes and this is a term that you need to be familiar with because it was actually mentioned in an exam question um and it did throw quite a lot of students so yeah you need to you need to get comfy get comfy with this kind of terminology yeah it's important to a kind of positivist approach isn't it the idea that what we're studying and measuring and researching is a are facts rather than just constructs if you like yeah and this isn't just relevant to the debate on is sociology science I mean also if you're doing experiments and the comparative method then this would be relevant to that as well if you were doing an essay on experiments maybe I do remember that Year s because basically social media blew up with things like I have failed that is a social fact I I do remember that now there was lots of quite funny ones um remember head top my head um okay so I believe the scientific method should involve forming hypotheses now is this a person or a particular perspective let's see I mean there's probably a lot of people that think the scientific method should involve forming hypothesis I mean most scientists I think would agree with that yeah I think the scientific method should involve the accumulation of evidence again all scientists I'm assuming this is not going to be the answer yeah all scientists everywhere I think the scientific method should involve prediction okay that kind of gives it a little bit more doesn't it not a realist I think it should involve Theory formation now we got to be careful we're not going to give number five away too soon because that is going to be a big clue is that going to give it all away yeah let's see if anyone thinks they can get it from these four before we give our our easy win in number five so can I just check because I think I know but I'm just check are we looking for a an approach or an individual for somebody's name or or of specific person okay right all right okay so I was going for an approach there well you'll know what I mean when you see number five yeah yeah that's why I was checking I was thinking could be like positivists generally or something like that yeah shall we have a look yeah yeah see that's a bit more of a hint hint there isn't it I believe the scientific meth should involve falsification so who said that guys and I know some of you know the answer cuz we've had this already we did have it yeah they may not still be with us but no anyone think they can tell us who is this person that talks about falsification it's come through Megan's come through with POA well done well done Megan let's have a little look there we are there he is he's popped up good we've got another bit of evaluation we're getting towards the end yeah for our last our last activity today like we're going to do another value value wheel we're going to show you a statement that a student has made in this sociology is a science debate and then we're going to get you to evaluate it so positivists argue that sociology can be scientific as we observe social facts yeah that's good let's see how we could evaluate this what is an alternative View so what might be an alternative view what might other sociologists suggest about this the existence of social facts or that sociology can be scientific we've looked at quite a few different approaches he would say Well it can't be scientific we might use one of those and we could also evaluate it by saying what is an alternative um you know way of observing social facts I think it's possibly easier to go with the alternative approach which one of our approaches would say no we can't do that all the observations we make are maybe subjective in some way if we think about some of the approaches that we've discussed that that would say sociology cannot be scientific or shouldn't be scientific I would suggest this one Falls probably in the category of shouldn't be that we shouldn't seek to be scientific probably narrows it down a little bit well we could have gone with two let's see which one we did go with oh everyone gone there we could have gone with interpretivist talking about sort like how actually what we need to do we actually we need to subjective judgment however when we look at postmodernist postmodernist will say actually our society we because our society is so diverse and so broken down we actually need to reject this idea of science as being a meta narrative and embrace multiple perspectives in understanding Society so they would disagree with this idea that we can observe social facts because there is so much there so many different ways in which we can um express ourselves so many different social behaviors that exist that we cannot apply science to it in contemporary Society excellent stuff okay I will come back to the uh Studio U for a better term we're back um thanks very much guys some good answers there it was good to see quite a few people getting involved I was G to start mentioning everyone but I'll miss someone out so I won't do but well done for those you uh answering questions and got involved um we are going to have a bit of a a break now um well we're not having a break really because we it's a lot more effort to come around the country to do great booster workshops than it is to uh tune in for half an hour on here so if you we might see some of you if you're out and about um if we're coming to a cinema near you come along for uh one of our great beaster workshops um after that when we get to Easter and after Easter we'll make a concerted effort at doing lots of uh live streams in the leadup to the exams and some of those get very busy indeed in if previous years or anything to go by uh and we look forward to seeing you again at that time okay thanks very much guys see you soon cheers both of you bye bye