Jeremy’s IT Lab - CCNA Course

Introduction

• Channel Purpose: Free, complete course for the CCNA. Subscribe, like, comment, and share to support.
• Focus of Video: Overview of RIP and EIGRP, even though they aren't on the official exam topics list.

Importance of RIP and EIGRP

• Cisco may ask questions about RIP or EIGRP on the exam.
• Cisco topics list: “General guidelines for the content likely to be included on the exam”.
• Important to understand basic concepts though not in-depth like OSPF.

RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

• Types: RIP Version 1 (RIPv1), RIP Version 2 (RIPv2), and RIP Next Generation (RIPng).
• Operation: Distance vector interior gateway protocol using ‘routing-by-rumor'.
• Metric: Hop count (max hop count is 15).
• Configurations: Simple setup, often used in labs or small networks.
• Message Types: Request and Response messages.
• Automatic Updates: Every 30 seconds.

RIP Versions Comparison

• RIPv1:

  • Very old protocol, only supports classful addresses (Class A, B, C).
  • No support for VLSM and CIDR.
  • Broadcasts messages to 255.255.255.255.

• RIPv2:

  • Supports VLSM and CIDR.
  • Includes subnet mask in advertisements.
  • Multicasts messages to 224.0.0.9.

RIP Configuration

1. Entering Configuration Mode: ROUTER RIP
2. Set Version: VERSION 2
3. Disable Auto-Summary: NO AUTO-SUMMARY
4. Using NETWORK Command:
   • Classful by default.
   • Activates RIP on interfaces with matching IP addresses.
   • Example: NETWORK 10.0.0.0 for interfaces matching 10.*.
5. Passive Interface: PASSIVE-INTERFACE G2/0
   • Stops unnecessary RIP advertisements.
6. Default Route Sharing: DEFAULT-INFORMATION ORIGINATE
7. Verification: SHOW IP PROTOCOLS
   • Check protocol, timers, version, networks, passive interfaces, etc.

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)

• Overview: Improved version of IGRP, originally Cisco-proprietary.
• Operation: Advanced distance vector protocol, no 15 hop limit like RIP.
• Metric: Uses bandwidth and delay.
• Message Multicast Address: 224.0.0.10.
• Unique Feature: Only IGP that supports unequal-cost load balancing.

EIGRP Configuration

1. Entering Configuration Mode: ROUTER EIGRP <AS number>
2. Disable Auto-Summary: NO AUTO-SUMMARY
3. Passive Interface: PASSIVE-INTERFACE <interface>
4. Using NETWORK Command:
   • Can use wildcard masks.
   • Example: NETWORK 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.15.
   • Wildcard masks: Inverted subnet masks (e.g., 0.0.0.15 for a /28 subnet).
5. Verification: SHOW IP PROTOCOLS
   • Check router ID, metrics, network commands, passive interfaces, etc.
6. Router ID: Configured using EIGRP ROUTER-ID <ID>
7. Load-balancing: Supports ECMP and unequal-cost load-balancing.
   • MAXIMUM-PATHS <number> for ECMP adjustment.

Wildcard Masks

• Concept: Inverted subnet masks (e.g., subnet mask 255.255.255.240 -> wildcard mask 0.0.0.15).
• Usage: Used in network commands to specify ranges.
• Verification Examples: Matching IP addresses with network commands and corresponding wildcard masks.

Key Commands Summary

• ROUTER RIP / ROUTER EIGRP <AS number>: Enter routing protocol configuration mode.
• VERSION 2 / NO AUTO-SUMMARY: Set RIP/EIGRP version and control auto-summation.
• PASSIVE-INTERFACE <interface>: Set passive interface.
• NETWORK <network>: Activate protocol on interfaces matching the network.
• SHOW IP PROTOCOLS: Verify protocol configuration.
• DEFAULT-INFORMATION ORIGINATE: Advertise default route.

Conclusion

• Importance: Understanding RIP and EIGRP fundamentals will aid in learning OSPF.
• Follow-Up: Watch upcoming lab video for EIGRP’s unequal-cost load-balancing.
• Practice: Use Boson ExSim for route selection and exam preparation.

Quiz Questions Review

1. Question on Default Route Advertisement: Command DEFAULT-INFORMATION ORIGINATE on R1.
2. EIGRP Network Command: NETWORK 128.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 for both interfaces.
3. EIGRP Router ID Priority: Manual config, highest loopback, highest physical interface.
4. Boson ExSim Question: Router uses AD values to determine the same destination received from different routing protocols.