Lecture on Skull Bones in Anatomy and Physiology

Overview

• Focus on the 22 skull bones, part of the axial skeleton.
• Divided into two main portions:
  • 8 Cranial Bones
  • 14 Facial Bones

Cranial Bones

• General Tip: Cranial bones are mostly single bones except two pairs.

Pairs of Cranial Bones

1. Parietal Bones
   • Word "parietal" similar to "pair".
   • Form the sidewalls of the cranium.
2. Temporal Bones
   • Located just inferior to the parietal bones.

Single Cranial Bones

3. Frontal Bone
   • Located at the forehead.
   • Covers the frontal lobe.
4. Sphenoid Bone
   • Butterfly-shaped; spans the cranium.
   • Appears paired laterally but is a single bone.
5. Ethmoid Bone
   • Resembles a strainer (cribriform plate).
   • Located between the sphenoid and nasal bones.
6. Occipital Bone
   • Covers the occipital lobe of the brain.

Cranial Bones Mnemonic

• "Ethan’s Fried Spanish Pasta Tempted Octavia"

Facial Bones

• General Tip: Facial bones are mostly pairs except two single bones.

Single Facial Bones

1. Mandible
   • Jaw bone; strongest facial bone.
2. Vomer
   • Forms the inferior nasal septum.

Paired Facial Bones

3. Nasal Bones
   • Form the bridge of the nose.
4. Inferior Nasal Concha
   • Shell-shaped bones in the lower nose.
5. Lacrimal Bones
   • Near tear ducts.
6. Palatine Bones
   • Form the posterior part of the palate.
7. Zygomatic Bones
   • Cheekbones.
8. Maxilla/Maxillary Bones
   • Maximum area of the face; articulate with most facial bones.

Facial Bones Mnemonic

• "My Mouth's Palate Never Likes Zucchini In Vinegar"

Associated Bones

• Hyoid Bone
  • U-shaped; assists in swallowing.
• Auditory Ossicles (Ear Bones)
  • Malleus (Hammer)
  • Incus (Anvil)
  • Stapes (Stirrup)

Conclusion

• Free quiz available on the website to test knowledge on skull bones.
• Additional videos and topics on anatomy will be covered in the future.
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