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FTP Overview and Commands

Jun 14, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces FTP (File Transfer Protocol), exploring its client and server roles, file transfer commands, and the differences between anonymous and non-anonymous access.

FTP Overview

  • FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol, used for efficient data transfer across networks.
  • FTP operates at the application layer of the network protocol stack.
  • FTP allows file transfers between a client and a remote server.

FTP Commands

  • Common FTP commands include PWD (print current directory), LIST (show files/directories), CD (change directory), MKDIR (make new directory), and file copy commands.
  • FTP commands can be typed directly at a command line interface with correct syntax.

FTP Client Software

  • FTP clients are separate software applications that interact with the FTP protocol, making file transfers more user-friendly.
  • The FTP client interface typically displays connection details at the top, showing server IP and login (non-anonymous) or using anonymous access.
  • The client displays the local machine's file structure and the remote server's file structure side by side.

File Transfers: Uploading and Downloading

  • Downloading means transferring a file from the server to the client machine.
  • Uploading refers to moving a file from the client to the remote server.
  • Most FTP clients allow files to be transferred via drag-and-drop between the local and remote directories.

Status and Progress Monitoring

  • FTP client software provides windows to show file transfer progress and status messages.
  • The status window displays the actual FTP commands being issued during file transfers.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • FTP (File Transfer Protocol) — A protocol for transferring files between computers on a network.
  • FTP Client — Software that interfaces with the FTP protocol to facilitate file transfers.
  • FTP Server — A remote machine configured to store and provide files via FTP.
  • Anonymous Access — Connecting to an FTP server without providing user credentials.
  • Non-Anonymous Access — Logging into an FTP server with a username and password.
  • Uploading — Sending files from the client to the server.
  • Downloading — Retrieving files from the server to the client.
  • PWD — FTP command to print the current working directory.
  • LIST — FTP command to list files and directories in the current directory.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Familiarize yourself with a basic FTP client interface.
  • Practice uploading and downloading files using FTP client software.