Background: B.Tech from Tier-3 college; GATE CSE rank 202; IIT Guwahati; 12+ coding questions solved; Highest placement in India (₹2 Crore+); Worked at a startup; Passion for teaching.
Course Structure: Basic to Advanced DSA in 6 months
Videos from Monday to Friday at 6:00 AM
Lecture Plan
Today's Video: Introduction to Programming
Approach: Real-world examples, starting from basics
Historical Context
Primitive Man
Tasks: Eating, sleeping, hunting
Counting System: Telemark system for counting goats (stones in pocket)
Evolution of Number Systems
Problems: Counting inefficiencies with stones
Invention: Decimal system by Indians (0 to 9)
Egyptians: Used base-60 system
Adoption: Decimal became universal due to arithmetic simplicity
Programming & Computers
Mechanical Computers: Initially large and mechanical, requiring human operation
Invention of Transistors: Revolutionized computing (smaller size, binary system)
Binary System (Base-2): Only 0 and 1
Ex. 1 + 1 = 10 (binary addition)
Conversion: Decimal to binary using division by 2 and remainders
Reverse Conversion: Binary to decimal using positional values
Importance of Binary System
Real-World Implementation: Transistors (on = 1, off = 0)
Efficient Storage: Transistors allow storing larger numbers in less space
Ex. 10 bulbs can store up to 1024 different numbers
Advanced Number Systems
Octal (Base-8)
Digits: 0 to 7
Conversions: To and from decimal and binary
Example:
Decimal to octal: 23 → 27 (using base 8)
Octal to decimal: 27 → 23 (using positional values)
Hexadecimal (Base-16)
Digits: 0-9 and A-F (A=10, B=11, etc.)
Reason: Uniqueness for identification (avoid confusion like 11 with B)
Example:
Decimal to hex: 11 → B
Hex to decimal: A2 (A=10, 2) → 162
Historical Developments
Gordon Moore's Law: Transistor capacity doubles every 2 years
Improvements: From large mechanical computers to advanced microprocessors