welcome back everybody inside the anatomy lab in this video series we're diving into the intricacies of the hip joint first we'll explore its structure then we'll cover its possible movements afterwards we'll focus on flexion and examine the muscles involved finally we'll discuss some factors that can influence flexion whether you're a beginner or an advanced Anatomy student I'm sure there's something here for you so let's dive right into it the hip joint is a ball and socket joint where the rounded head of your FEMA fits into the cup-shaped socket of your pelvis this socket is named acetabulum this design allows for a wide range of motions in all directions and let's take a look at the pure forms of these motions to understand specific movement patterns and their function more clearly the first movement is flexion which involves lifting the thigh towards the Torso as if you were bringing your knee towards your chest it's opposite is extension where the thigh moves back away from the Torso as if you were straightening your legs from a bent position abduction occurs when you move the thigh away from the body's midline just like when you're spreading your legs apart conversely adduction means bringing the thigh back towards the body's midline like bringing your legs back together internal rotation rotates the thigh inwards towards the body's midline meaning that you turn your toes towards each other external rotation on the other hand involves rotating the thigh outward away from the body midline as if you were turning your toes away from each other finally circumduction it combines all these movements into one fluid circular motion of the thigh as if you were drawing a circle with your knee as mentioned earlier today will focus on hip flexion and the muscles involved pure flexion involves lifting the thigh towards the Torso mainly using the ilacas and so as major and minor muscles because of their attachment and biomechanical advantage these muscles start from the lower back and pelvis and attach to the thigh bone allowing them to efficiently generate Force but of course they don't work alone various other muscles assist in lifting stabilizing and can enable more complex movements by adding adduction abduction and rotations to understand these configurations better let's group the helper muscles into two groups the first group consists of the Interior fibers of the glus medius and minimas the tensor fcil D and the satorius in short the all help in flection and also contribute to internal rotation abduction and stabilization the second group consists of the Rector femoris the ptinus the abducto longus and the GD zillies they primarily Aid in flexion assist in external rotation and adduction let's explore what happens when the first group adds internal rotation and abduction to flexion you probably know this movement ments from sports like soccer dancing or even daily activities just keep in mind it can be performed in many different ways with varying amounts of rotation and abduction this is just one possible scenario and understanding this principle of mixing different motions allow us to quickly break down complex movement patterns and grasp how everything works together now let's apply this knowledge to Group B and see what happens when external rotation and adduction comes into to play I'm sure you recognize this movement because we use it in variations ourselves every day however it's not just about different muscles adding to the movement we also need to understand that muscles aren't binary systems sometimes only certain fibers of a muscle contribute to a movement also other individual factors such as bone length joint form strength and so forth play a role in how we move as individuals but let's move on and talk about factors that inuence the range of hip flexion when you flex your hip with a straight knee you cannot Flex as much as when your knee is bent bending the knee simply reduces muscle tension and allows for a greater range of motion however passive flexion is greater than active flexion so if you use your hands to assist yourself you can Flex even more still your knee position matters because a straight leg can't Flex as much as a bent one I hope this was enough food for your minds for today and I'm looking forward to see you in our next episode when we talk about hip extension have a good one