yo what's going on a push peeps we have chapter one of Alan Brinkley's American history we're using the 14th edition although other editions will certainly match up as well um this one is titled the collision of cultures and lots of info from this chapter will be in the new 8 push curriculum make sure you are familiar with this chapter also for this video and every other island bring the video make sure you check the description I have topic videos that relate to this chapter as well as the actual new curriculum broken down by key concept as it is in the curriculum so make sure you check those as well in the description below so let's get started all right America before Columbus we have some early migrations here and many people came to the Americas via the Bering Strait which connected Russia and Alaska some individuals also came via boats to Chile and Peru and civilizations in the Americas we saw lots of different civilizations including the Incas which are located in present-day Peru and that was the largest empire in the Americas the Mayans were located in Central America and they'd about the written system a calendar as you're familiar with if you've you remember December 21st 2012 at all from the world was supposedly supposed to end and agricultural advancements as well were Mayan contributions the Aztecs were located in present-day Mexico we have tanoshii island which was the largest city ever to that point and in the southwestern United States this was based on agriculture or maize and this is a key idea from this of the new AP curriculum maize or corn and they built elaborate irrigation systems and the Great Plains the center part of the United States here and we'll come back to this women talk about the Dust Bowl later on on this area here there were lots of nomads living there and they hunted Buffalo so a different type of living environment the Great Plains than in the southwestern portion of the United States and the north eastern you see the Iroquois Native Americans which were located over in York and Pennsylvania area they develop permanent villages they hunted they gathered and they also use agriculture which helped dominate society as well Metis natives were very religious and they saw ciated religion with nature so let's talk about tribal social roles while women would raise the children they would also prepare meals and they would gather food the men were responsible for hunting they're mostly responsible for that and in some societies in the Iroquois for example women helped make tribal decisions via Council so when including a much larger role in society in Native American societies than they did in European societies when they were colonized the Americas as we'll see all right so let's talk about reasons for exploration well in Europe we have a population groups there's lots of more people living there and they're looking to go to new areas where there's more land because land in Europe was very expensive we also have advances in technology such as this guy this is a sextant which is basically a GPS system which would help determine latitude and longitude we also have a desire for new markets and products so people want to make money by selling goods to new markets as a result of Columbus's explorations Spain increased interest in it in exploration and they eventually surpassed Portugal which was the naval powerhouse of that time and Spain claimed most of the new world except for Brazil that's why in Brazil today they speak Portuguese version the rest of Latin America speaks Spanish the kind Keys the doors were Spanish conquerors the most famous is probably Cortez who in 1518 devastated the natives and really natives fell victim to disease especially smallpox they were not immune to European diseases many kaikki stood or it's justified this and so this is God's work saying that if God wanted them to survive and they would have been in you to these diseases and Spain built its empire on seeking gold and silver in the new world and boy did they ever find gold and silver and the ordinances of discovery in the 1570s banned harsh military conquests which kind of began to reverse this trend of conquistadors Spain required Catholicism to be the only religion in their new territory so they were very big on spreading religion and converting natives as well and they would set up missions and this is located in the southwestern part States as well especially present-day California and they converted natives to Christianity and many post conquistador Spanish immigrants came to the Americas for the sole purpose or the major purpose of spreading religion all right I saw about st. Augustine Florida this was the first permanent European settlement in the Americas the encoding of the system I do have a video on this and it's specifically mentioned in the new curriculum so make sure you're familiar with it this was where individual Spanish individuals were given land and they could demand tribute and labor from natives now this is essentially slavery for Native Americans and in return the Spanish were expected to convert and Christianize these Native Americans in the 1680s and the southwestern portion of the United States we the Pueblo Revolt I have a video on this as well which was a Native American rebellion against the Spanish in New Mexico and here is where most of the pueblos were living so why did it occur movia 2,000 Spanish and 30,000 waveless you see a discrepancy in the numbers there and the Spanish priests and government they tried to convert natives to Catholicism and they would suppress or eliminate any Native American practices that went against or were inconsistent with Christianity and the Spanish also demanded tribute labor from the natives eventually the natives are going to get upset this is also called Pope Hays rebellion after the Native Americans either co-pay so po'pay rises up has other individuals rise up and they kill hundreds of Spaniards and they force the Spanish to flee mcli for about a dozen years and it's 1696 Spain comes back and regains control however what we begin to see is that Spain sought to original to religiously assimilate the natives or rather bring them in and accept some of these practices that may not they may not have been ok with before so we see more of an accommodation from the Spanish after this and the playboys were given more freedoms from the Spanish as a result of the Pueblo Revolt all right by the end of the 1500s the Spanish monarchy controlled virtually all local governments and its new royal colonies this will be a difference from the British colonies which we'll see in chapter 2 Spain was more strict and Britain in terms of imposing economic policies for example all trade must go through a few regulated ports controlled by Spain Britain France and the Dutch focused on population growth and establishing permanent settlements where the Spanish really did a focus on population growth Spain did not continue to send large numbers of immigrants we have the Columbian Exchange which was this exchange of goods and ideas and diseases as well from Europe and Africa to the Americas and some examples of goods that were exchanged going from America to Europe and Africa we have potatoes and maize there's maize again corn popping up and tomatoes from Europe to the Americas we see wheat rice horses chickens and oxen and horses are going to play a huge role in American life especially those living on the Great Plains that can now travel farther and faster so what's the impact of this well in Europe and Asia we have a massive population growth through this new food that is able to sustain the larger population and in Africa unfortunately we see Spanish and Portuguese who would use Africans from West Africa to be used as slaves in the Americas and in the Americas we see the spread of disease again that smallpox we also see the creation of social classes such as mestizos who are individuals that are descendants of Europeans and Native Americans we see the horse transforming native white because it makes hunting easier and we also have been Komi in this system as well all right the Spanish hierarchy will be talk about this people from Spain in the Americas were at the top and natives and Africans were at the bottom in the middle emerges this large class called mestizo which I just mentioned and here's the picture who sees a baby again it's somebody who is mixed native and European ancestry African societies both in Africa and those that carry over into of the Americas tended to be maitre lineal unlike Europeans so what does I mean while property was inherited when the mother's family not the father so there's more importance on who the mother wasn't a family women played a very large role in trade and slavery existed in Africa but it was not usually hereditary like later in the u.s. in other words if you were slave and you had a child your child was not automatically born a slave like slaves we'll be in the United States the slave trade which is dominated by Spain and Portugal early on increase due to the demands for goods such as sugar in later tobacco because this will require a lot of labour and African tribes fought with one another and traded captured enemies to the Spanish and Portuguese to sell as slaves all right so let's talk about the English they're going to arrive in the sixteen hundreds of really make it really stand up so some of reasons for your for English exploration again rise in population and lack of lives going to give major part or European countries we have joint stock companies which were when a group of people will come together and pool their money together and they would share in the profits and losses it's really like a stock market like investing in the stock market today and this was their version back then mercantilism was a huge idea during this time and then the gold mercantilism was the benefit the mother country in this place it and in this case it was England and this increased the desire for colonies to gain wealth so the more colonies a country had the more wealthy they likely would be religion was another reason that the English came over especially Puritans these were people who wanted to purify the Anglican Church of Catholic rituals they did not want to separate a breakaway they simply want to purify it they came to the Americas to seek refuge Puritans believe in something called predestination which was introduced by this guy John Calvin in that city of when you are born God has already determined whether you will be saved or not after your like separatists were extreme purity were extreme Puritans who want to break away from Anglican Church an example of separatists were the pilgrims that's why they came to the Americas as well all right English experiences in Ireland this is important because it's going to shape the way that English tradit treated Native Americans the English with the Irish that were mostly Catholic as savages remember England is a Protestant country they believe that the Irish could not be assimilated and must be oppressed the English would use the same ideas against the natives in the Americas and they would give the natives as savages the French and the Dutch on the other hand got along much better with the natives bein been colonized North America which left the French and the Dutch the English to have North America or itself most of it for itself the French explored into the North American continent and developed close ties with natives especially in the Ohio River Valley and then in the interior of Canada we have cool word Dubois which were French fur traders and the French developed an alliance with Algonquin Indians they would intermarry with these Native Americans as well and the Dutch also traded furs and were established around present-day New York of what they did have a smaller population all right the Spanish Armada this will be a key turning point in world history this is a large Spanish fleet that was defeated by the English you can actually see the route that the Spanish Armada took here and they were eventually defeated by the English which signified the emergence of England as a world naval power English settlements in the colonies the very first one was Roanoke and this was known as the Lost Colony because after returning about a couple years later the colony was gone and in 1590 the colonies on deserted with the word Croatoan carved on the post nobody historians really don't know what happened here those debates about whether or not the the colonists fled whether or not they died whether they were massacred nobody really notes in a Jamestown which is established in 1607 this is the first English settlement permanent settlement in the Americas this was a charter by King James the first this would again become the first permanent English colony alright that's everything you need to know about Alan Brinkley's chapter one for American history if you guys have not already and ask you please take a moment and subscribe to my channel if you found this video helpful please hit the like button and also share this on Twitter and Facebook any share this with anybody you think would benefit from it teachers friends other classmates if you have any questions or comments feel free to leave them in this section below if you want download this PowerPoint I have a link to it in the description as well as those other videos as well thank you guys very much for watching I appreciate it good luck busier and have a good day