hey everybody dr. o and this we're gonna talk about ATP or adenosine triphosphate so it's pretty quick to describe it so you're gonna see throughout these metabolism videos I'm gonna try to give examples of why they're significant maybe in the real world right because you always want wonder why do I have to know metabolic pathways ATP production etc so of course we need ATP but though we'll start there so adenosine triphosphate like the name it implies it's actually built from a ribose with an adman adenine a nucleotide that's where the adenosine comes from and there are three phosphates adenosine triphosphate but as you can see here you can also have adenosine monophosphate and adenosine diphosphate so we usually talk about the last two we usually talk about ADP or adenosine diphosphate being used energy right we spent it and has to be now be recycled into ATP adenosine triphosphate and that's fine but first thing you might ask is why does so much energy here the number one energy source in your body is those two red lines they're the the unstable or high energy bonds that hold that third phosphate onto ATP but then also the one that holds the second phosphate onto ADP we don't talk about that as much but we'll here in just a moment let's just talk about ATP for now as the third phosphate is removed from ATP it's going to trip the phosphates gonna be needed to but it's also gonna transfer its energy so think about ATP has this energy and they can hand it off it can give it away to some metabolic pathways so metabolic process that's how ATP works so but the phosphates are needed to so that the they might they may be needed in in some sort of pumping mechanism or all throughout the body but they're not wasted and if they aren't needed then they're going to be recycled as you turn ADP back into ATP which is the which is the function of our entire cellular respiration system but that second phosphate can also pop off and so if you're in a state of very low energy we're using up ATP faster than you can make it you will start to turn ADP into a MP or adenosine monophosphate and the reason that's important is because adenosine monophosphate ER are more importantly something called AMPK adenosine monophosphate kinase is an enzyme that's basically a fuel gauge so if your body starts to see way too much a MP around it turns on this enzyme that basically says okay we need to we need to stop making a the glucose we need to stop making cholesterol stop making triglycerides we have to stop making stuff because we're running out of fuel we and we have to burn fat so this a MP kinase basically says it makes your cells more sensitive to insulin which is why it's actually activated by the drug metformin so metformin is a very common hypoglycemic drug that you'd give to a type-2 diabetic well the reason it works is it fools the body into thinking you're in this starvation mode which makes insulin more sensitive so so hopefully should bring blood glucose levels down it also tells the body let's put in fat for fuel we got all these fuel stores let's use them but and again this is this could be a topic for another day but this is also iamp kinase as this fuel gauge activates some fasting mechanisms so a lot of the health benefits of fasting appear to come from this from from this loss of energy that occurs if you're not eating what else it'll lead it'll lead to recycling processes in the body called auto Fujii it'll lead to the cleaning up of old proteins and old sells you don't need like apoptosis as well as this autopsy process so as you can see people are talking a lot about when we should eat should be fast these kind of things well the health benefits actually come from this right you see right here a.m. P adenosine monophosphate so just want to know that this stuff is significant you might have to understand the biochemistry behind it but if you have type 2 diabetic patients taking metformin well you now know that it's it's using this this metabolic process and then the same thing with the health benefits of fasting so I'm not gonna ask you know now I just want you to see why it why it doesn't matter why you do have to know this stuff so here we see ATP becoming adp so we said ATP was our primary energy currency as ATP releases that third phosphate and releases that energy that was in that bond that's what allows us to do work and then it becomes ADP then when we have more energy we can we can use that energy in our electron transport system to take ADP and attack reattach that third phosphate making ATP and this happens constantly now on the unit on muscle metabolism I'll also show you where something called creatine phosphate comes into play but I don't want to overwhelm you right now okay so that is ATP adenosine triphosphate and then just a few interesting things about it I hopefully at least appreciate a little bit more than you did a few minutes ago I hope this helps have a wonderful day be blessed