hello garans so we had said previously that prepositions uh Express relationships between two ideas right and we can do that either in time or in space or in other ways but today I want to talk about prepositions in [Music] space because this is again one of the things that prepositions do is they can set up relationships between objects and their locations right so I could say the triangle is over the square right or on top of the square I could say the circle is inside the square right and these are all so you over inside what I would like to do is review some of the major ones and and talk about what their uses are so when we use the word at in a sentence and here I'm talking but something we should note is that some of these prepositions can be used in multiple ways right so so at has a space connotation but it also can have a Time connotation but I don't want you to really worry about that right now I think it makes the most sense to just think of their their uses as as separate and just think of them separately uh so when we we talk about at at means a point right it's talking about a point so we could say something like we stood at the entrance to a cave but he can also have this connotation of direction as in the creature launched itself at Amina the word by when we're talking about space means near as in the house by The Old Mill is totally haunted man all these sentences are like really spooky I don't know what I was thinking the preposition from has this connotation of uh coming from somewhere else to here as in We Came From Mars in denotes an enclosed area so you could say something like there's a bunny in the Box off uh denotes you know away from she hopped off the rock on uh which you know usually denotes being on a Surface as opposed to in which is in an enclosed area right like I said so we could say there's a goblin on the front steps right the goblin is on the steps the bunny is in the Box do you see the difference out is another Direction word uh you know away from something and right and off and on and in and out mean the opposite of each other so away from Out means away from an enclosed area and off means away from a surface so if you can imagine you know there's someone who is on the Rock and then they Hop Off The Rock there's a goblin on the front steps and maybe the goblin leaves the front steps he's off the front steps there's a bunny in the box if the bunny leaves the box it will go out of the box and there's plenty of other prepositions but let's let's talk about two um which when you're talking about two in the physical sense it has this connotation of Direction so you could say I'm going to mosm Beek these are some of but certainly not all of the spatial prepositions of English now we're lucky because prepositions are a closed group in English a closed group we don't we don't add many of them to the language the way that we add nouns and adverbs and verbs and adjectives there are a lot of them and you have to memorize all of them and they various obnoxious nuances but there isn't a limitless number of prepositions there's you know maybe 100 plus and of those you know maybe 50 are quite useful and of those maybe 20 to 25 are super useful and it's the super useful most common ones that are in the exercises so give those a go you can learn anything David out