Hello, hello, good day. This is Jun Lee in NCLEX and PNL Tips by Jun Lee Scala. And today we will be discussing the concept of your nursing leadership and management part 1. We are trying to divide the concepts here because I'm actually preventing or avoiding that the discussion will be dragging. And aside from that, it would be easy for us to upload the videos here in our channel. okay let's proceed this is actually one of the uh most important topic in your inclex or your pnle because it is here where you are asked of certain things when you are already um doing managerial positions in the nursing service could it be in the hospital or in other fields of nursing okay now let's discuss first uh the concept of your leadership when we say leadership class this is the process of motivating people to do something now it is actually a process no a process of motivating take note of the word motivating why because a leader a leader is actually Automotivate You know or his followers or those people or persons under him or her to do something.
Take note of the word motivation. Why? Because it is very distinct to a leader to motivate his or her followers and like into that in the concept of the management or of a manager. Okay.
Now, for us to easily understand, the concept of your leadership is actually a more dramatic concept. Okay, mas dramatic siya class. Parang mas, when you hear all those concepts relating to leadership, it is more dramatic, it is more artistic compared to that of management.
Up on the other hand naman class, kapag sinabi natin management, okay, it is a set of interactive or interrelated processes. Kasi most of the time, nalilito tayo on the concept of leadership and then management. where in fact Kapag sinabi natin leadership, leadership has no specific frame because it is in the management wherein we have this set of interactive or interrelated processes.
And what are these processes? Later on, as we proceed upon this discussion, we will be discussing those. Leadership and then management.
Kapag sinabi natin a process of motivation, that is leadership. A set of interactive or interrelated processes, that is what we call as your management. Now, let's continue.
Now we compare a leader and a manager. We made here a table of comparison for us to differentiate who is a leader and who is a manager. When we say leader class, those are the people who motivate their followers to do the right things.
Remember to do the right things. Let's do what is right. That's what a leader says.
On the other hand, when we say manager, that's what he says. we need to do things right. Dito, amid the process, sinasabi niya, gawin natin yung tama. Okay? On the other hand, si manager naman gumawa, no?
Para maitama yung bagay. At the end of the day, no? We need to do things right. Okay? Next is, kapag sinabi natin leader, he is a change agent plus.
He always aim for change, no? Pagbabago, development, something that is What's distinct to a leader is that he is a change agent. He aims for change.
He aims for development, for something new. On the other hand, the manager is more firm and rigid. His aim is just the continuity or you should be spontaneous on the things that you do.
I don't need change. I don't need change. I don't need development.
All you have to do is just do the things you've been doing for a very long time already. That's what the manager class says. Now, kapag sinabi naman nating leader, he or she is also futuristic, class. He always thinks of the future, what's ahead of us. Upon the other hand, kapag sinabi nating manager, class, kung ano lang yung present.
Yun yung sinasabi dito, class. We do it now, we just think of now, let's forget of the things that are ahead of us. Okay, yun yung sinasabi dito sa concept of your management or manager. Now, si leader, class, asks why.
Why do we do these things? Okay? Bakit natin ginagawa ang mga bagay-bagay neto?
No? Ano ang rason? What is the reason? What is the rationality behind this? Okay?
On the other hand, kapag sinasad. Sabi nating, manager class, kapag binigyan ka ng task, kalimbawa, you do these things, sasabihin ni manager, sino ang gagawa? Ano ang gagawin?
Paano ang gagawin? Okay? Si leader, tatanungin niya, why do we do this? Is this for change?
Is it for the future? Yan, yun yung sinasabi dito, class. Si manager, yun lang yung tatanungin niya, sino ang gagawa?
Ano ang gagawin? Paano ang gagawin? No? Okay. Now, next.
Si leader, tinitingnan niya, class, ang potentials ng kanyang followers. Okay? Tiniting niya ang potentials, ang talent. Okay? Kung sino ba yung gagawa dito, class, is someone who has an expertise on that thing.
Yun yung sinasabi ni leader. Kasi kahit na anong gawin ng isang tao, okay, kung hindi niya expertise or hindi niya field expertise, ang bagay niyan. hindi magiging maganda ang output niya. Yun yung sinasabi ni Lader. Upon the other hand naman, class, sabi ni manager, wala akong pakialam kung you have the potential, if you have the talent.
If you are just performing, if you have been appointed on that, kung ikaw yung na-appoint dyan, may talent ka man o wala, if you have potential or wala, gawin mo ang dapat mong gawin because you have been appointed and you need to perform. Yun yung sinasabi ni manager. Okay? Para mas madaling matandaan natin, class, This is what I put, class.
If we say leader, that is someone who is artistic, who is more into the field of art, into the field of creation. On the other hand, class, if we say manager, class, he is governed by specific frameworks. Let's continue. Now, class, I will be discussing to you at this point the theories of leadership because there are a lot of these, class.
Here, I put the theory, the proponent. kung sino yung nag-propose nito and the concept. First, in the concept of your theories of leadership, first at pinakasikat class is yung tinatawag natin great man theory.
Now class, kapag sinabi natin great man theory proposed by Aristotle, that's why class, this is otherwise known as your Aristotelian theory. Sulap ninyo? Aristotelian theory.
Aristotelian theory. Okay? Aristotelian theory of leadership.
Sabi nya, leaders daw, leaders are born and not raised. Ibig sabihin, class, yung mga leader daw, sabi ni Aristotle, sabi niya, ang leader daw, no, nasa dugu yan. Okay? Example, marami paling countries in the world now, in the world now, ang merong monarchy form of government, yung may mga hari, reyna, prinsipe, prinsesa, just like ang pinakasikat, the United Kingdom, no?
Sabi ni Aristotle, nasa dugu yan, no? Kahit hindi pa nade-develop ang isang bata, he or she has already a leadership potential. Yun yung sabi ni Aristotle. Okay? The great man theory.
Another concept class or another theory is yung tinatawag nating trait theory. Okay? The trait theory by J.M.
Burns. Sabi naman ni J.M. Burns, kinontra niya yung sinasabi ni Aristotle. Okay?
Although sinabi niya at first that leadership, yes, has traits. That's why it is called traits, no? Pero sabi niya, example, yung mga hari reyna, okay? Sabi niya, yes, merong leadership traits ang isang tao.
But if we are not going to develop these traits, it will go into vanity. Sabi niya, leaders are raised, not born. Although sinabi niyan, yes, that we can inherit our leadership traits, it cannot be developed if we will not develop the same.
That's why sinabi nya, We need to develop these traits. Okay? By what?
By trainings, by practices, by developing, by learning. Okay? By proper education. That's what J.M. Burns is saying.
Example. Class, you know, there are families, right? That say, this one has a blood nurse.
This one has a lot of doctors. This one has a lot of engineers, lawyers. A family of doctors. A family of lawyers. Okay?
And therefore, it is expected. that every child that lives in that kind that he falls into the traits of this family of doctors, family of lawyers. But you cannot be a lawyer. You cannot be a doctor without studying law, without studying medicine, without studying nursing.
Okay? That's what J.M. Burns said. Okay? Now, let's continue.
Another one is what we call charismatic failure. Ang charismatic theory na ito, class, alam na alam natin ito. Sabi dito, a leader inspires others. Okay?
Ini-inspire niya daw ang ibang tao. Okay? Lalo-lalo ng kayong mga followers by obtaining emotional commitment from followers. Okay? Ino-obtain niya daw ang emotional commitment ng followers niya.
Bakit? No? Presence pa lang ng isang charismatic leader, class, you are already ought to follow.
Okay? Hindi pa nagsasalit. gusto mo nang sundin kung ano yung utos niya. Okay? Yung tinatawag natin mga charismatic leaders.
On one of the famous charismatic leader class, sinasabi, okay, is halimbawa is si Hitler. Si Adolf Hitler. Why?
Because when he commands during his time, okay, when he commands during his time, talagang mapapasunod yung mga soldiers niya. Okay? And we have so many charismatic leaders in our history. Mandela. We also have...
Mahatma Gandhi. Okay? They are all charismatic leaders. When we say charismatic leader naman, class, it could either be upon your looks, upon your eloquence. Kasi may mga leader, class, na magling talagang magsalitaan.
When they speak, we are really listening. Okay? And when they give us instructions, we really ought to follow. Because they are very, very charismatic.
Okay? Next is yung tinatawag natin situational theory by Mary Parker Follet, by Hershey and Blancard. Sabi naman dito, class, leadership styles daw vary upon different situations.
And that there is no specific, okay? There is no best, okay? Type of leadership, sabi dito ni Blancard. Okay? There is no best leadership type.
Okay? Because why? a leader DAO dispenses his leadership styles upon different situations.
That's what Hershey and Blancard say here. Next, another is what we call contingency theory. Contingency theory proposed by Fred Fidler, he said leadership style will be effective or ineffective depending on situation.
They're both situational theory, only that, Sabi ni Fred Fiddler, no? Nag-focus siya, class. Sa- in effectivity or effectivity of a certain leadership style given upon a certain situation.
Let's continue. Next is what we call Path-Goal Theory by House. House said, a leader minimizes obstructions to the goal and facilitates tasks by rewarding. Okay?
House minimizes the obstructions to our goal. It means if there are obstacles along the way towards the goal that we have or we have set, we are going to remove all those obstructions. And we're going to facilitate tasks by rewarding.
For example, there are people who are against you, class. In your leadership, as a supervisor, you're a nursing supervisor in the ward. Now, in the ward, there are people who are against you.
What are you going to do is kakausapin mo sila and you are going to compromise with them. Notwithstanding you as a person already in the managerial position, you need to compromise. But you do not have to compromise the processes. You need to compromise upon specific things with limitations.
na hindi siya mag-go-go beyond the leadership. that you are actually dispensing. Okay?
That's what Eddie House says. For example, okay, if that's the thing, you are always late because you breastfeed, okay, you have a child and you don't have a husband, you're a single mom. Example, okay, I'm going to adjust upon your time, but I'm also going to adjust on your logging out in the ward. Okay, halimbawa, late kang pumapasok, sige, you have to extend before going out.
Okay, that's the best example. Okay, next. Next is the transactional theory by Burns also. Sabi niya, a leader daw engages his followers, okay, a leader engages his followers by contract of mutuality and contingent rewards. Okay, yun, almost the same rin siya kay practical theory.
That's it. Pathgoal theory is very broad in nature. Transactional class is more specific.
Why? Because the leader really engages his followers by compromise or contract of mutuality. Because there is an understanding that you should perform upon this agreement or contract of mutuality.
Next class is what we call transformational theory. When we say transformational theory, class. Okay, sabi ni Heinrich von Preyer dito, a leader provides intellectual simulation on an employee's development. Okay, si transformationalist na leader class focuses on the development of his or her personal employee.
Kasi sabi niya, for me to reach my goal. I need my workers to be highly intellectual and highly developed person. That's why I will make them study.
I will be giving free masteral. For example, in a hospital class, there is a free masteral degree or scholarship upon those best employees or best personnel. So what nurses will do, for example, because I want to earn a masteral degree and I don't have much money, I need to...
to perform to my very best. That's what the Transformational Theory says here. Next class is what we call Servant Leadership by Greenleaf. Greenleaf says, a leader practices what he preaches. Because in the Servant Leader class, as a Servant Leader, you need to do things that you ought to let others follow.
Or you command to others. Because you are commanding others to do so, you need also to practice the same. Okay, yung sinasabi dito ni Greenleaf.
Okay, servant leadership. You are a servant or a follower of the things you command into others. Okay, next.
Next is yung tinatawag nating result-based leadership by Jack Welch. By the way, si Jack Welch po ang pinakakilalang CEO ng GE or yung General Electric. Okay? Ito ang GE po. Ito yung brand ng pinakasikat.
Okay, ito yung brand ng stove ninyo sa bahay. Okay? Or yung fluorescent bulb ninyo sa bahay. Okay, sabi ni Jack Welk, a leader daw opens recommendations to simplify practices and procedure.
Why? Because nakikita ni Jack Welk o nakikita daw yung isang leader ang result ng... every intervention that we give to our consumers, for example, to our clients or to our patients.
If there are some failures or if there are some need for improvements, a leader opens recommendations to simplify practices or procedures. Okay, that's what Jack Welk is saying here. Okay, next. Now, presently, classes, we have several types of your leadership, okay?
And generally, We have four categories here or four types here. Number one is what we call Autocratic. Number two, the Democratic. Number three, Lazy Fair or the Lazy Fair or the Free Reign Leadership.
And then next is what we call Multicratic. Okay, we will discuss this one by one. Autocratic, Democratic, Lazy Fair, and then Multicratic.
Okay, now, first is what we call... autocratic when we say class autocratic this is also known as your dictatorial leadership or your dictatorship okay this is also known as your i leadership ako ako ako tandaan ninyo ako ako ako ako when we say a ako is to autocratic letter a okay a leader focused leadership ito class and that certain leader class gives the orders and makes the decision okay Okay. Autocratic ang tawag natin dito, class. Now, class, kapag tinatanong tayo, when is autocratic type of leadership best used, class?
It is best used during emergencies. Tandaan ninyo, class. Halimbawa, class, during emergencies or nagkaroon ng fire in your hospital, class.
Only one person must command or must do the commanding for you to be able to survive. Because if all are leaders, if all are commanding, it will make the process of getting out from the hospital very chaotic. You will have a hard time there.
That's why class, it is best used during emergencies. That's why when we commanding, for example, we count 1, 2, 3, up, 1, 2, 3, down. This is best used during emergencies.
Next class is what we call democratic. We know this. This is also known as your...
participative leadership okay the participative leadership for example in countries most of the countries in the world no democratic form of government they are that's why it's participative leadership that's why we vote majority of the people are heard now this is otherwise known as we leadership okay here class a leadership facilitates a leader facilitates follower in making decisions the role of the leader here class is only the facilitator okay of the decision making made by the subordinates or the followers. Okay. Halimbawa, class, in the context of our government in the Philippines, our form of government is actually democratic. And in democratic, we are a form of republic. class and we are actually the people who makes the decisions by means of our representatives in the house of representatives and also in the senate because we voted for them that's why they won class now all of our all of the decisions for example in the lawmaking body now are decided by this by the congress both by the house of representatives and the senate now that is a form of democratic democracy leadership because everyone is involved, everyone participates.
Okay? Now, let's continue to your number three. Number three naman class is yung tinatawag nating lazy fare. Okay? Lazy fare or yung tinatawag na free reign leadership.
Okay? Dito naman class, no specific leader. Walang specific leader dito class.
No? No specific leader, no specific organizational structure. There's no such thing, everyone are followers, no leader, okay?
Dito naman, class, this is a type of leadership wherein there is a passive and permissive type, no? Or passive and permissive leadership. Magulo siya, class, because walang person who will do the commanding, walang mag-command, walang leader, no? That's why magulo siya.
Everyone is leader, okay? Magulo yan, and this is very dangerous, okay? Next, next class is yung tinatawag natin, multi-creatic.
Multocratic class, also known as situational leadership. Also known as your situational leadership. Dito naman class, this is type of leadership na flexible and then adaptable.
And it is actually the combination of styles depending upon the situation. This is actually one of the best. If not the best, I could say one of the best type of leadership.
Why? Because diba nagva-vary kasi ang ina-apply nating type of leadership. depending upon the situation given. Okay, let's continue. We are done with the types of leadership.
We have the autocratic, we have the democratic, we have the laissez-faire, and then the multocratic, only four. Now, let's continue to your sources of power. Why? Because being and becoming a leader class, you need to have that power.
You need actually to have that convincing power to let your subordinates follow you. And we have here the different sources of power. The different sources or the different types of power that we have.
First, we have the connection power. We have the coercive power, legitimate power, information power, personal power, expert power, and reward power. For easier memorization, class, remember that there is an insurance company called Coco Life. Okay, here class. You will have a power class.
Power is sometimes called life. Life. Okay.
When you have life, you have power class. Coco-life. Okay. Remember.
Coco-liper. Okay. Remember. Coco-liper.
Coco-liper. Connection. Coercive.
Liper. Legitimate information. Personal expert. And then reward. Coco-liper.
Connection. Coercive, legitimate, information, personal, expert, and reward. Okay, madaling matandaan. I know you have to memorize that, okay? For you to be able to easily remind of yourself what are the sources of your power.
Now, let's continue. Let's proceed to your first one, the connection power. Connection power class is otherwise known as your referent power.
It is the power based on one's relationship to a powerful person. From the word itself, connection. Okay, ito yung mga... yung mga power, okay, ng mga tao na merong mga kapamilya halimbawa na malalakas sa gobyerno, example, no, malalakas isang kumpanya, for example, okay, and we cannot actually deny the fact na merong ganito talaga, and that is actually a source of power, okay, we cannot actually deny this fact, no, it is the power based on one's relationship to a powerful person, example, for example, you are the son of a chief nurse and you will just graduate nursing, and then you got into medicine, you're now the son of a chief nurse.
Now, if you're the son of a chief nurse, it is actually expected that you can be hired or you will easily be hired by the hospital itself because you have the connection power. Let's continue. Next is what we call coercive power.
When we say coercive power, this is the power based on one's ability to inflict fear or threat. Okay? This is the power used upon by those persons na physically malalakas.
Ito daw yung power na ginagamit halimbawa in the concept of your battery, okay? In rape, no? Halimbawa, those strong person, halimbawa kasi in the...
Society, di ba? Mas malalakas ang mga lalaki. This is the power used by the inflective persons or yung mga tao na mahilig mambuli ng ibang tao.
That is coercive power. Next naman, classes, yung tinatawag natin, the legitimate power. This is a power based on appointment, position, or policies.
Example. You have been appointed as the new chief of hospital. You have been appointed as new nursing manager.
You have been appointed as the new chief nurse, as a new supervisor, as the new charge nurse. Now, you have power and that is actually a legitimate power. Why?
Because there is specific order. Now, you are governed by an appointment. You are actually ruled by a position or governed by policies.
and actually class according to Max Weber, remember? Max Weber said this. According to Max Weber class, this is the best source of power.
Remember, class? Okay, your legitimate power is the best source of power. Next, next class is what we call information power.
Okay, when we say information power, class, from the word itself, information power, this is the power based on possession of valuable data or information. Okay, for example, Okay, there is a crime that occurred outside the hospital, okay? And then a patient has been admitted due to gunshot wound.
And you took care of that specific patient na victim of the gunshot wound. And eventually, the patient survived. And because you were one of the nurses na nag-handle ng patient na yan, you had the the records you had the information you you had the chart you have the nurse's notes and because you possess such information no upon discharge when filing of cases are done already no i mean there's already a court order for you to appear by means of subpoena and you were required by the court to bring with you a chart together with the doctor example now you have actually that power based on possession of valuable data or information because of that specific information that you possess or you carry. This is actually common among witnesses, for example, nurses up on the court. Next is what we call personal power.
Personal power, we already discussed this earlier. This is the power based on one's charisma or personal qualities. For example, class, there are really people For example, those who have looks, handsome, beautiful. For example, class, if they are nurses, maganda, magandang nurse, guwapong nurse, they really are one of the favorites of our managers, of our leaders. We cannot deny this one because of the personal power that they have.
Okay? For example, there are those who are not very beautiful, that's fine, not very handsome, that's fine, but they look clean and then mukhang palaging mabango, yung tipong parang bagong ligo always, okay? Yun yung personal power, charisma, because of their personal qualities, which are actually good qualities, okay?
Next class is yung tinitawag nating expert power. Dito class, the power arises from one's knowledge or expertise, okay? Dito class, ang power class, the source of our power here, it's because of our, para siyang personal, But this focuses on the knowledge or expertise of a person.
Okay? Halimbawa, class, when you have been trained as the first nurse anesthetist in your hospital, you have the expert power of that certain expertise that you have. Because not everyone, actually, you alone, right?
Not everyone in the hospital has the same power as you have. No? which is being and becoming the first nurse anesthetist.
Okay? Ang tawag natin dyan is your expert power. Okay? Yung tipong hindi gagana yung hospital kung wala ka.
Parang ganun. Okay? Let's continue to your number seven. Number seven class is yung tinatawag nating reward power. Ito yung mga power ng mga rich kid mong classmates.
Okay? Pati mga rich kid nating mga supervisors. Okay?
Power that is based. Based on the ability to distribute anything that others may value. Example in the hospital.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the rewards of hospitals were used. Hazard pay, there are other rewards, there are other benefits. And there are hospitals that actually give, for example, rice allowances, housing allowances for nurses. That is actually an example of reward power.
Because you are convincing your subordinates to perform on these performances they ought to perform or ought to follow by means of reward. These are reward. power now we're done with the first discussion here in nursing leadership and management part one please subscribe and hit the button bell of this channel for you to be updated with the videos we will be uploading no more we will be uploading more and more videos here in NCLEX and PNL tips by Jun Lee