Physiography and Drainage: Chapter 3

Introduction

• Speaker: Rahul Jespal
• Chapter: Physiography and Drainage
• Class: 10th
• Country: India and Brazil

Physiography of India

5 Major Physiographic Divisions

1. Himalayas
2. Northern Indian Plains
3. Peninsula
4. Desert
5. Archipelago

Himalayas

• Features: Young folded mountains
• Extent: From Jammu and Kashmir in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east
• Mountain Ranges:
  • Shivalik Range (southern part)
  • Lesser Himalayas
  • Greater Himalayas (Himadri)
• Divisions:
  • Western Himalayas
  • Central Himalayas (Kumaon Himalayas)
  • Eastern Himalayas
• Key Points:
  • Extends from the Pamir Knot (Tajikistan) to the east
  • World's largest delta: Sundarbans Delta (Ganga-Brahmaputra system)

Northern Indian Plains

• Extent: From the Himalayas to the Peninsula
  • West: Rajasthan, Punjab
  • East: Aravalli Range, Ganges Basin
• Divisions:
  • Ganges Plains
  • Sutlej Plains
• Main Rivers: Ganges, Brahmaputra
• Key Points:
  • Formation of the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta
  • Thar Desert (Marusthali)

Peninsula

• Extent: From the Northern Indian Plains to the Indian Ocean
• Features: Old folded mountains
• Prominent Mountains: Aravalli (oldest)
• Key Valleys:
  • Western Ghats
  • Eastern Ghats
• Main Plateaus: Vindhya, Satpura

Archipelago

• Various archipelagos of India

Physiography of Brazil

• To be discussed in the forthcoming lecture

Conclusion

• Subscribe to the channel and press the bell icon to receive notifications about new videos.