What's up everyone, welcome back to the channel. This is last video for day 19 of our GNG 2.0 and I know you must have felt a lot of burden in completing all this. In fact, I felt it myself when I had to make all this in a day. So it was a challenge for me too. But there was a willpower that if you have to do it, then you have to do it. And in life, I say many times that if you find anything difficult, then always remember it is not hard. It is just new. It is just new. Everything will happen while practicing. So there is no need to be afraid. This is the last video for today. Complete it by tonight and sleep. And wake up in the morning and take revision again before 3 o'clock of everything. Because the videos will come from 3 o'clock. So before that you are free. Before that, take a good revision. Complete things. Come, we will finish one more chapter. Environment and Sustainable Development. And then sleep with a lot of pride. Sleep very much appreciating yourself. That yes, we have done such a good job today. Did it for yourself. And it is just the beginning. We will break the boards. Let's go quickly. Let's begin. Let's start kids. I have kept this easy chapter. Because I know you must be feeling very overburdened today. The kids who are only from economics, nothing for them. But the kids who had to do both our accounts and economics. They must have felt a lot of burden today. But it is an easy chapter. It is a chapter with common sense. You can write the maximum portion with common sense. Let's go. First of all comes kids, what is environment? What is environment? So brother, as much as our inheritance on the planet. As much as there is water on the planet around us. There is air. There are animals. There are birds. Living organisms. Non-living organisms. Add everything. So what will it become? Environment will be made. So what is environment? It is the total of planetary inheritance. And the totality of all the resources. Add everything. All the forces around us. Connect everyone. So what will it become? The environment will be made. There are two main elements in the environment. Biotic. In which we consider living. Abiotic. In which we consider non-living. In biotic, birds, plants, forest. Air, water, land come in it. Okay. Next is functions of environment. This is important, son. Has come many times in the exam. What functions does our environment perform? Number one. It gives you resources. You get all the resources from the environment. You see there is wood. You see there is water. You see there is fuel. All this is used as a resource. Where do all the resources come from? Comes from the environment somewhere. So the environment provides us renewable. As well as non-renewable resources. Number two. Environment assimilates waste. Children, the environment absorbs all the waste. You see how much waste is produced around us. Whether you take it in the form of pollution. How much smoke, how much we produce. Everything disappears somewhere in the air. How much human waste is there? How much waste is coming out of factories? Everything gets absorbed somewhere in the environment. So what is all this? These are all the qualities of the environment. And this is also called the absorptive capacity of the environment. What is absorptive capacity? A capacity as much as the environment can absorb waste. It has a limit. It is not that unlimited waste will continue to happen. No. The environment also has a limit to absorb waste. But look here. The environment assimilates all the waste. So how much waste is being generated by production and consumption. Everything gets absorbed in the environment. Environment sustains life. Children, we are alive because of the environment. We need sun, soil, water, air. Where is everything coming from? Everything is coming from the environment. If anything is missing, we will not be able to survive from it. Fourth. Environment provides aesthetic services. Aesthetic means the one who gives you relief. The one who gives you peace. The one who makes you feel what is it. How beautiful it is. So you see different rivers, oceans, mountains, deserts. All this which makes our standard of living better for us. Which we like. We have got all these children from the environment. Now children, despite having such a good environment. There are a lot of crises going on in our environment. We get to see a lot of problems in our environment. You see we have disturbed the environment. This is why we see a lot of natural calamities. We see earthquakes etc. So somewhere the environment is disturbed. So why is this happening? What is the reason? Number 1. Population. The problem of everything is the population. So much population. All the trees are being cut and industrial setup is being done. Industries are being installed. So animals are also disturbed. Environment is also disturbed. So what is the biggest reason for the environmental crisis? Population. Second. Extensive extraction. Children, more extraction is happening than needed. See the environment has the capacity to make a particular resource. Okay. That is, the environment has a capacity. Like coal. Now where does coal come from? Coal comes from the mine. So the environment has the capacity to make coal. If you have the capacity to re-create the environment at a time. You will extract more than that. You will extract more than that children. So somewhere the environment will come and stop one day. It will say that we cannot make coal. How do we make coal? You are extracting so much. So your rate of extraction should be less. From whom? Rate of renewal. The environment is renewing the resource. The rate of extraction should be less than that. If it is more than that, then there will be a problem. For now, the extraction is too much. Third. Many resources have been extinct. Many resources have not been seen now. We also hear today that in the coming time, drinking water may not be there. How much water level is going down. Rivers are drying up. Right? These are all problems. People have wrong consumption standards. There are wrong production standards. Production is also doing the opposite. Consumption is also doing the opposite. Environment is also being harmed because of this. After this, air and water pollution. Pollution is a very big problem in itself. After that global warming. Are you watching global warming? Extract heat. There is a lot of heat around. Now how is this heat happening? Because of a lot of vehicles. Because of the heat coming out of the factories. So there is so much heat. Overall global warming is happening. Glaciers are melting. Many such animals like polar bears have become extinct. Glaciers are melting. So a lot of water is coming from which floods are coming. So global warming and ozone depletion. What is ozone depletion? Because of pollution. In our surrounding. So many chlorofluorocarbons and bromofluorocarbons are formed. Which is our ozone layer. Which protects us from UV rays. UV rays are coming from outside. It saves us from ozone layer. Now that ozone layer is also deteriorating. There was a hole in the ozone layer. Due to which UV rays were coming inside. And UV rays were causing skin cancer. Multiple problems were seen in our country. This is also a big challenge. So these are the reasons for the environmental crisis. See kids. Now the environment of India. What are the major challenges in it? The first challenge is land degradation. Land degradation. Means land is getting degraded. The quality of the land is deteriorating. See it is written. Decline in the overall quality of soil. Of water. Of vegetation condition. Now sir why is this happening? Why is the quality deteriorating? First of all due to deforestation. The trees are being cut. More trees are being cut than needed. So the quality will deteriorate. Second is over grazing. Many times we leave the animals to eat fodder. That you do grazing. Now it gets over many times. Animals do more grazing than needed. Due to which the quality deteriorates. Encroachment into the forest lands. The forest is being cut and made into industries. Captures are being done there. It is wrong. Non adoption of soil conservative measures. We are not taking any measures to save the soil. While the most important thing for us is soil. So it is very important to take those measures. With which we can save the soil. A lot of fuel wood. I was talking about coal. A lot of such resources are being extracted. The environment is being disturbed. Take a screenshot quickly. First of all, land degradation has become a problem. Second is deforestation and soil erosion. Now deforestation I told you. Large scale cutting of trees. For developmental projects. We call it deforestation. And what is soil erosion? When the top layer of the soil. The most fertile layer. It gets washed out. Due to floods, heavy rains. We call it soil erosion. This is also a problem. Soil erosion takes place when surface soil is washed away. Through excessive rains and floods. Everyone knows water pollution. What should I tell you about this? When waste is disposed in water. Through factories, through houses. In Delhi, we see how bad Yamuna is. In fact, Haridwar is near our house. So there is a very bad condition of Ganga ji. People throw poly bags. Worldwide wastage. All the waste is going from the houses there. All our rivers. Pollution is happening somewhere in all of them. It is a very big problem. Biodiversity loss. Biodiversity loss means. We have a lot of variety of. Species of animals, birds. Which are now becoming extinct. And in the coming time, maybe more. So we call it biodiversity loss. It refers to every living thing. Including plants, bacteria. Animals, humans. We are seeing a loss of all these somewhere. Air pollution. Everyone knows. When there is pollution in the air. It is happening from vehicles. Gas is coming out of factories. This is air pollution. Now how can we control pollution? Important question. You can definitely ask this question in the exam. Although you can also write this. But you should know. First of all. Promote public transport. If people can sit on the metro. Then go to the metro. Don't use your personal vehicles. Use public transport instead of private vehicles. So where 20 cars have to smoke. It will come out of one. Use public transport. Use cleaner fuels. Use CNG instead of petrol and diesel. Petrol and diesel are more harmful. CNG is a better thing for the environment. LPG should be used at home. The fuel we use at home. LPG should be used. Along with that. Good technologies should be used. Like we use solar energy. Use wind energy. This will also save our pollution. Along with that. We will also be able to save water. We will also be able to save the environment. So solar energy, wind energy. Such things should be utilized. From here we can save. Our environment from pollution. After this children. Why is the environment degrading? What are the reasons for environment degradation? What are the reasons for environment degradation? Number 1. Again population. Population. If there is more population. Then more houses are needed. More trees will be cut. Urbanization will happen. Industrialization will happen. What is urbanization? Urbanization is when people leave the village and come to the city. So you see in the city. People settle so far. So somewhere urbanization, industrialization. This is also spoiling. Number 2. Poverty. Widespread poverty. Now there is so much poverty. People have no option to work. So they go to the jungle. They cut trees. They sell those trees. To make a living. So poverty should be corrected. Urbanization is happening a lot. I told you. In rural areas. In big villages too. In every village. Big cars have come. Technology has come. People have sold their farms. So in the village too. Now many places children. Many places are still the same. But still. In today's date. There has been a lot of urbanization. Which is somewhere. Harming the environment. After that. Chemicals, insecticides, pesticides. Fertilizers are used a lot. Due to which the quality of the soil is also bad. Due to which. Your plant is also bad. If you consume it, it is bad for your health. After that. Transport vehicles have increased a lot. Every child needs his own bike. Every child needs a bike. So pollution is happening. Industrialization is happening very fast. Industries are happening very fast. Now what happens with the industries. Children see. They need more resources to run. They will all come from nature. So there will be excessive exploitation. Where is the second industry? It is the same thing. That too is harmful in itself. So all these children. Comes in the causes of environmental degradation. The next problem is. Global warming. I also told you behind. When observed and projected. Temperature starts increasing. Earth's atmosphere and oceans. It is called global warming. Why is global warming happening? Because of coal and petroleum products. Due to that. Trees are being cut a lot. Due to deforestation. The oxygen trees that are given. We are getting less. The amount of carbon dioxide is increasing. So global warming is happening. Along with that. Cattle production is very high. Deforestation is happening. Trees are being cut. Methane production is happening. Fossil fuels are being used a lot. So somewhere. Multiple reasons of global warming. Take a screenshot. What are the effects of global warming? I also told you behind. Number one. Melting of ice. Glaciers are melting a lot. A lot of species. Polar bears are getting extinct. There is a lot of effect on seasons. Seasons are moving ahead. It is not raining at the time. It is not cold at the time. We are getting to see natural disasters. Floods are coming somewhere. Earthquakes are coming somewhere. All these children. Disturbing the environment. Done sir. Now ozone depletion is coming. We also read this behind. What is ozone depletion? Our ozone layer. Its deterioration. Ozone depletion refers to destruction of ozone. In the ozone layer. Due to presence of chlorine. From man-made chlorofluorocarbons. And other forces. Now what is this? What are these chlorofluorocarbons? These are in cooling substances. Like in refrigerators. In fire extinguishers. We get to see in these. So chlorofluorocarbons. Or bromofluorocarbons. All these somewhere. Destroying our ozone layer. This ozone. Will come in depletion. What are the causes? The chlorofluorocarbons. Used in cooling substances. In AC refrigerators. Create this problem. Aerosol propellants. And bromofluorocarbons. Which are being used in fire extinguishers. What will happen with this? If our ozone layer will be destroyed. UV rays will enter. Which will cause skin cancer. Human beings will have a problem. From UV radiation we will see. Aquatic organisms. Aquatic organisms living in water. They will also have to face a lot of trouble. And along with that. A lot of plants. Terrestrial plants. Will also have an impact on growth. So see. Aquatic organisms are also being troubled. Land animals. Means we are also being troubled. Plants are also being troubled. So somewhere very much. Dangerous for us. Destroying this ozone layer. Okay. Perfect. You must have read this in small classes. You must have read all this in small classes. You must be thinking. This is a great thing. You idiots. This has a picture based question. Like. You guys do one thing. Degradation. Ozone. Deforestation. Do see all these pictures on Google. Which photos are given. Because what will happen in the exam. You will be told. Identify this problem. Tell its reasons. And tell how to cure it. So such a question becomes. Now a protocol is coming. Montreal Protocol. Montreal Protocol was a treaty. Which was signed. India also became its member. India has also signed. In which it was said. Till 2013. All such elements. With which chlorofluorocarbons. Or all these things are being made. We will stop it. Montreal Protocol is a historical treaty. Designed by the members of the UN. To protect the ozone layer. By phasing out chlorofluorocarbons. Which is supposed to be the main reason. For ozone depletion. All the members in this. They agreed that we will freeze. Who will freeze? Consumption and production. Chlorofluorocarbons. Till 2013. Ok. After this, how to save the environment. How easy the question is. How to save the environment. How to protect the environment. No. 1. Social awareness. Bring awareness in people. Bring awareness in people. Make people aware. How to save from pollution. Make people aware. How big is the population problem. Educate people. How much loss can be caused by this. Things are better with awareness. No. 2. I won't say anything on this. Population control is very important. No. 3. Afforestation. Afforestation means planting trees. Planting of trees. Now keep one thing in mind. Planting of trees is said everywhere. I say, along with planting, caring of trees as well. You have planted a plant. It won't care. It will die after 10 days. You have to take care of that plant. Don't just plant the tree. Take its responsibility. With afforestation, I say, caring of trees as well. After that, control the pollution from agriculture and industry. Whether it is water pollution or air pollution. Save it. Stop it. Next, water management. Don't waste water. Recycle it. Utilize it well. Use techniques like rainwater harvesting. Save water. After that, manage solid waste as well. Recycle solid waste as well. Don't just throw it. Only then pollution will be controlled. Let's go. Last topic is sustainable development. You have studied this in small classes. What is sustainable development? All the resources around us, we have to use them in such a way that this generation can use it and the next generation can also use it. It is a development which meets the needs of present generation. We can also use it. And without reducing the ability of future generations. So that we don't finish the resources and save for the future generations as well. The competitive process of growth and development has led to environmental degradation. There is a lot of degradation. There is a lot of pollution. So we need sustainable development somewhere. Now this is an important question. How can you achieve sustainable development? How can you save resources for future generations? No. 1 Use renewable resources in a way. Don't use too much. You know that they will be renewed. But that doesn't mean that you extract it more than its renewable rate. I told you the same thing. The rate of extraction should be less than the renewal. Next, substitute non-renewable with renewable. Non-renewable, you know that once it is over, it will not be renewed. So try to use renewable resources instead of them. After that, bring input efficiency. That is, the wastage should be less. Input efficiency means that the wastage should be reduced. There should not be any kind of wastage anywhere. Resources should be used in a good and calculative way. After that, pollution as well as population. Control both. If population is controlled, then there will be less demand for things. If pollution is controlled, then we will get better resources. Right? Very good. Sir, what strategies can we use to do all this? What are the strategies? Come kids, we have already read this. Everything is simple. First of all, use non-conventional sources. For energy, use solar energy. Use wind energy. Save water. Non-conventional. That's why water will be saved for future generations. Second, use traditional practices. Instead of chemical fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, what do we call it? We call it green. In the earlier times, ultimately, you made fertilizers from animal waste. You made things from animal waste. Use that. Instead of chemical fertilizers, do organic farming basically. After that, use cleaner fuels. We have seen this earlier as well. Use LPG, CNG. Use bio-compost. Utilize animal waste rather than chemical fertilizers. Then, end unsustainable patterns and use sustainable. That is, if there are unsustainable patterns of consumption or production, change them and use better patterns. Set up mini hydroplants. Make electricity in many ways. With that, control biopest. So kids, we have read all these strategies. For what? For one thing. For sustainable development. It is a very easy chapter. You already know everything about it. It is just that we had to take a revision. If we take a revision, it will be fun. Everything will be completed. Now, by 3 o'clock tomorrow, remember these two chapters of Indian Eco. Today, we did cash flow in accounts. Watch the cash flow properly once. Practice it. Your work will be done well. See you tomorrow. Tomorrow, we will do something else. We will do one thing. After completing 20 days, I will give you a break of one day. So you guys take your 2 days easily. Because tomorrow will be a very heavy day. There will be 2 videos of Eco. I will make you do issue of shares tomorrow. So tomorrow is also going to be a very heavy day. So I will finish your work tomorrow and give you a break the day after. Take a break in between. Because these two heavy days, it will take time to digest them. So we will give you a break the day after. So that you can do it properly. We will finish our series at the end. Thank you so much everyone for joining in. I am going to see you all super soon. Till then see ya. Take care. Bye-bye. Keep growing. Keep glowing. Keep smiling.