Terrestrial Biomes Lecture Notes

Introduction to Terrestrial Biomes

• Definition: Terrestrial biomes are large geographic areas categorized by specific climatic conditions, plant communities, and wildlife.
• Importance: Understanding terrestrial biomes is key to studying ecosystems and biodiversity.

Major Terrestrial Biomes

• Tundra
  • Cold and dry climate
  • Short growing seasons
  • Limited vegetation (mosses, lichens)
  • Native species include caribou and arctic foxes
• Boreal Forest (Taiga)
  • Cold climate with more precipitation than tundra
  • Dominated by coniferous trees (spruce, fir)
  • Species like lynx and snowshoe hare
• Temperate Forest
  • Moderate climate with distinct seasons
  • Deciduous trees (oak, maple)
  • Rich biodiversity, including deer and bears
• Tropical Rainforest
  • Warm and wet climate year-round
  • High biodiversity
  • Dense canopy, many epiphytes

Factors Influencing Biomes

• Climate: Temperature and precipitation are primary factors
• Latitude: Affects temperature and sunlight
• Altitude: Higher altitudes resemble conditions of higher latitudes

Human Impact on Biomes

• Deforestation
  • Reduces biodiversity
  • Contributes to climate change
• Urbanization
  • Habitat destruction
• Pollution
  • Affects air and water quality

Conservation Efforts

• Protecting natural habitats
• Reforestation projects
• Laws and regulations to protect endangered species

Conclusion

• Terrestrial biomes play a crucial role in the Earth's ecosystems.
• Understanding and preserving them is vital for maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity.