[Music] sayologyology [Music] [Music] Yep Right [Music] [Music] Neuroimology [Applause] [Music] [Music] Extreme Foreign speech Foreign speech Foreign speech [Music] for [Music] [Music] [Applause] [Music] market [Music] professor Dr Coordinator program study Mr [Music] Indonesia Yeah Everyonechech Fore [Music] support [Music] [Music] How to be active ladies and gentlemen a delightful morning here at Onristasyanga in Surabaya Indonesia We are truly honored to have you join us in the fourth ayanga world imunology day 2025 international conference held by the post-graduate school of universistasa with the theme of imunological frontiers in infectious diseases from molecules to translational applications where today's conference will bring together exciting speakers from all around the world Please allow me to introduce myself My name is Nabil Ahmed Wafi Uin where today I have the immense privilege of serving as your MC for today's conference Without further ado let us extend a warm and enthusiastic greeting to all of our esteemed and honored guests in attendance with us today The honorable director of the post-graduate school of universasa professor badrioto here with is represented by the vice director for human resources and information professor sri pancha and also the vice director for research internationalism digitalism and information professortoyo the iminology magister program coordinator of the pro of the postgraduate school of universasa professor Inda our expert conference speakers here with us today professor karina chitra professor chita Rosita Dr Eugene Dr Arif Nor Muhammad Dr Pramila Rial the lecturers of universistas ayanga our moderators for today's conference Dr Fifin and Dr Are you the organizing committee of the ayanga world I iminology day 2025 and all of the participants of the fourth international conference of the world I imanology day 2025 whether you are joining us here offline at onistasanga or if you're joining us here online we wish you an exciting conference ahead of us please allow me to read the rundown of today's conference first we will start by singing the national anthem of Indonesia followed by the university anthem We will then hear an opening speech by the program study coordinator and the director of the post-graduate school of universasa here with will be represented by the vice director We will then have a group photo session and then dive deep into our expert lectures that will be brought by our speakers today We will then have a break time and poster presentation that will be conducted at the same time and we will have lunch After that we will have our fifth fifth speaker before going into our oral presentation on the top oral presentation that will run parallel in the main room room one room two and room three followed by a jury assessment After that we will have an awards ceremony followed by the closing Now we kindly request everyone to please rise for the national anthem of Indonesia followed by our university anthem To all the participants and distinguished guests please rise Indonesia [Music] Indonesia [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] among our [Music] God [Music] might be [Music] the Lord Oh the king is worthy [Music] Hallelujah Hallelujah [Applause] [Music] in Ireland [Music] [Applause] [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Yeah [Applause] [Music] Heat [Music] [Applause] Yeah [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] I [Music] might [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Applause] Heat Heat Heat [Music] [Music] [Applause] Heat Heat [Music] You may now be seated Thank you Now it is our pleasure to introduce our esteemed speakers who will deliver the opening speeches of the fourth international conference of the world iminology day 2025 We will begin with professor Theresia Inda the iminology magister program court study coordinator of the post-graduate school of universasa to professor theia the stage is now yours thank you MC okay dear college professors lecturers precessors esteemed speakers ladies and gentlemen good Morning The honorable director of postgraduate school Professor Badri Suko hereby represented by the vice director for research internationalism digitalism and information professor Joyo and vice director for researchers and information professor Pangja Madyati Good morning and welcome to the fourth Erlanga world imunolog [Music] We are honored to have with us pro Dr Karina Deju PhD from Universasa the expert in vaccine and one of the maker of the coid9 vaccines In addition we are privileged to welcome Dr Pramila Rial PhD from Oxford University and expert in antibbody development Equally the suffering for I admiration and gratitude profita sikib welcome as director of sutma hospital aspect in clinical and policy hospital furthermore it is a great honor to have Dr Arif Norans ansori from Kumamoto University among us an expertise in bioinformatics computational pyology imunology and molecular biology and also we have Dr Eugene Unbun from University Science Malaysia Expertise in infection disease especially leptosperosis molecular and structure biology diagnostic mutagenesis recombinant DNA and medical microbiology And to all our participants I offer my sincerest appreciation for your patient curioity and dedication to advancing the field of immunological mechanism infection disease And I would also like to thank the participants who attended the hands on workshop on June uh 30 at Institute of Tropical Disease Univers Alanga with them unlocking gene expression using realtime PCR best practice and trust blast tapping It is my great pleasure to welcome you to this international conference on imunological frontier in infection disease from moleculars to translation application as the head of imunology study program I am thrilled to see our collective expertise gathered here today to explore the latest advertise in iminology and infectious disease The theme is conference is particularly significant It is highlights to critical role of imunology in understanding the complex interaction between the immune system and pathogens from the molecular mechanism underlying immune response to translation application that can benefit human health Our conference will defer into the imunological frontier in infectious disease covering topics such as molecular imunology immune regulation and vaccine development We will also explore the life translational application including immunotherapy and immuno diagnostic I am confident that this conference will provide a platform for knowledge sharing collaboration and innovation and will inspire new ideas and approaches to tackling infectious people Last but not least my deepest gratitude goes to the advisor board organizing committee scientific committee institution company and volunteer who have directly and indirectly supported the success of this conference Your contributions are invaluable and I have so doubt that insight share here will save the future and healthc care for generation to come Let us embark on this exciting journey of knowledge sharing and action and work together to advance our understanding of imunological frontier in infection disease Thank you and enjoy this exciting conference Thank you professor Theesia for your inspiring words and before that we would like to extend our warmest welcome to our esteemed speaker professor Rosita Welcome to this conference and we hope you enjoy to this exciting conference Next we invite the director of the post-graduate school of universasa professor bad munuko here will be represented by the vice director for human resources and information professor sri pancha to please give her opening speech to professor panta the time is now yours Thank you mirilami Good morning dear college college professor litessor lecturer estimate speaker and ladies and gentlemen It is my great pleasure to welcome you all to this fourth world in imunology day 2025 international conference on imunological frontiers in infectious diseases from malore to translational application as the as the vice director in resources and information postgraduate school I'm honored to see our institution hosting such as a prestigious event that brings together expert and scholar from around the world such as professor Dr Karina Devi from University of Oxford Dr Dr Pramar from Oxford University Professor Dr Sita Rosita Sigit Praosa from Sutomo Hospital Dr Arif Nur I'm sorry from Kumamoto University and Dr Eugene Bonbang from University Science Malaysia What I imunology day 2025 organized by the master of immonology program also held a workshop activity on June 13 2025 at the institute of tropical disease universal The workshop activity had the term unlocking gen expression using real time PCR best practice and troubleshooting As the vice director of the postgraduate school I would like to thank 61 participants from various institution such as uh Hiroima University UN Dorosai University of Global Health Equity University Airlines Graaya University Gajada University as and so on This conference showcases the cutting at research and advance envmentment in imunology and infectious diseases and I'm confident that the discussion and presentation will be enlightening and toothproofing All participant present will greatly benefit from the insight shared by our esteemed speakers and I'm excited to see the potential collaboration and partnership that may emerge from this event The d of this conference is particularly relevant in the world where infectious disinificant [Music] challenge to global health Understanding the imological mechanism underlying these diseases is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies Once again I would like to express my gratitude to our speakers participants organizers for their hard work and dedication and making this event a success I'm confident that this conference will not only advance our understanding of imunology and infectious diseases but also foster a spirit of collaboration and innovation that will benefit our community and the world at last Last but not least I welcome you all to this international conference and wish you a enriching expiring experience and I wish you all very good health Thank you Thank you Profansa for your inspiring opening speech Ladies and gentlemen the next agenda is a bestowance of a token of appreciation to our speakers Today we would like to invite to the front the honorable director of the post-graduate school hereby represented by the vice director for human resources and information profancha and the vice director for internationalism research digitalism and information professortoyo as well as the magister program study coordinator for iminology professor theia to the front to bestow upon the token of appreciation to our speaker Today we would like to also invite our speaker Professor Chita Rosida to the front as well To our esteemed guests please come to the front To our honored guests please remain standing as we will now have a group photo session together with the participants So to all the participants please rise And for those on and for those participants standing on this sitting on this side please kindly rise and move to this side We will now have a group photo session We will now have a group photo session with our esteemed guests So to all of the participants sitting on this side please kindly move to the right side of the conference room For the participants in the back you may please kindly move forward so that you can be included in the group photo All right smile and look at the camera One two and three Thank you to our honored guest and participants who may now return to your seats Okay Thank you ladies and gentlemen The next agenda is now a series of expert lectures that will be given by our expert speakers But before that I would like to announce that throughout today's conference a series of door prizes will be given to some of our lucky participants So please to all our participants stay active stay tuned and stay focused because here's the catch at the end of today's conference there will be a quiz So prepare yourselves for that one Now we will now begin our lectures where the first and second lecture will be moderated by our moderator Dr Nilu Aayou Before I hand this session off to our moderator please allow me to briefly introduce the moderator to you all Dr Aayou is a leading expert in infectious diseases viology and molecular epidemiology She is a lecturer here at the post-graduate school of universasa and a collaborative researcher between Kuba University and the institute of tropical disease at universasa She holds a PhD in medicine and a master's in tropical medicine with a strong foundation in science and nutrition She has been recognized for her contributions and her expertise bridges research education and global collaboration in tropical medicine Ladies and gentlemen please join me in welcoming Dr Aayou as she moderates today's insightful discussion To Dr Aayou the time is now yours Thank you very much Mr Nabil Good morning ladies and gentlemen It is such a great pleasure for us to have you join the world immology day international conference 2025 Uh my name is Aayome Gazari and I will be moderating the firstation of this conference Okay As for the opening speaker I'm pretty sure that many of us has already known her So is there anyone in this room who have received the as uh Oxford Astrazenika vaccine during the COVID 19 vaccination program can you raise your hand vaccin oh okay I think several of us got the astrogenica vaccine and I'm pretty sure that uh you who has uh the fact who got the vaccine already known our first speaker So well our first speaker is one of the core researcher of the aforementioned vaccine and before she deliver her lecture I would like to give a little bit of introduction the CV please Okay So our first speaker is professor Karina Chitra Deijou and she received her PhD from the RMIT Australia in 2019 and then she was honored with professorship from University and Prof Karina Joe has published many academic articles of her expertise which has been cited by more than 11,000 times Can we give her a big applause professor Kardino has extensive theoretical and practical knowledge of all aspect of vaccine development and process development for large-scale cgmp manufacturing and she has contributed to several vaccine development and commercialization including the rotovirus vaccine rabies vaccine and the well-known covid-19 vaccine Ladies and gentlemen please welcome Prof Karina Deo Good morning Professor Karina Good morning Uh thank you for inviting me Maybe I will uh started sharing my screen Can you hear i can hear you Can you hear me can you hear us Professor Karina i can hear you Can you see my screen can you hear me okay we have a little bit of technical difficulties Can you hear me professor Karina can you hear us i can hear you Can you hear me uh Professor Karina can you hear us um we cannot hear your voice here U maybe we will short the problem a little bit Um your voice is not very clear professor Karina we cannot hear you here So is it possible if you can would you try to talk now professor Karina Hello Can you hear me can you hear me cannot hear I'm talking Can you hear me check Check We still cannot hear you We're very sorry Maybe you can say hello to us when you are ready Professor Karina we still cannot hear your voice Hello Hello Hello Hello My audio is working Hello Hello Hello Yeah Please wait a little bit Hello Hello Hello Hello Hello Hello Uh would you mind to wait a bit Professor Ka we will try to uh short the problem Okay Would you mind to talk again Professor Karina hello Hello Can you hear me okay Uh Professor Karina we are very sorry We are currently still trying to solve the problem Okay Uh would you mind if uh we change your session with the second speaker first because uh our Zoom sound system cannot catch your voice Is that all right professor Karina so maybe your session will be pushed back around 45 minutes Okay Now we can hear your voice Professor Karina No it's working Oh yes No it is Okay Let me share the screen again Okay So you will have 30 minutes to deliver your lectures and when the time is running out I will hit your chat box Is that all right Professor yes All right Okay The times is yours please Yes Good morning professor researchers uh lecturers and student attending the world im humanology day today Uh thank you for inviting me as a speaker Uh we will be diving into a topics that both resonating and urgent So it's about emerging infectious diseases or EIDS which are which is a a critical global health concern due to their potential to cause uh widespread harm So next so what what is exactly are EID so these are pathogens that have either newly appeared in the populations or are reemerging after a period of decline often crossing from animals to humans So it's diseases like SARS cof 2 uh which triggered the covid-19 pandemic uh monkey pox uh which uh its recents outbreak a vian influenza such as uh h5N1 with its growing potential for human transmission and ambula which is notorious for its high fertility rates which are prime examples So what makes EID so dangerous is their ability to spread rapidly and overwhelming the health care systems and leaving us scrambling to response The consequences are profound They lead to high morbidity and mortality meaning they cause significant illness and death But it's not just health So think of the economics and the fallout from the COVID 19 So with soaring health care cost uh trade restrictions and workforce uh disruption uh it ripples across the economies and to understand why eids are on uh the rise and what we can do about them So we will explore like a key factors driving uh this uh threat and their implication for our inter contact connected world Next So now uh we have established uh what is emerging infectious disease and are uh their devastating impacts So let's explore why they've becoming more frequent So the major drive is the zonotic spillover So about 60% of the eids uh originate from animals They're jumping from species like bats or birds to humans And we've seen with diseases like Ebola or H5N1 Uh the World Health Organization estimates there are 1.7 million undiscovered viruses lurking in mammals and birds Uh so that's a staggering reservoir for potential threats just waiting for the right conditions to emerge So the climate uh change is another uh culprit So it's reshaping the ecosystems and expanding uh the habitats of the disease carrying factors like mosquitoes uh which spread zika and deni to new regions and then there's a global connectivity So think about how quickly you can hop on to the plane and then cross continents that the same speed allows pathogen to spread from the local outbreak to a global pandemic in days Meaning that an outbreak anywhere can become a crisis everywhere So these factors uh animal human transmissions and the environmental shift and our interconnected world are fueling the rise of the eids So to illustrate this uh uh there's a like showing the virus leaping from the animals to the humans It's setting the chain of the transmissions but how do we stop these uh diseases the vaccines are actually the critical weapon yet they face the unique challenges in development and deployment So we will talk about it in a little bit more detail later on So emerging infectious disease uh evolve rapidly and they're undergoing swift mutations uh that enable immune escape effectively uh they're dodging our body's neutral uh uh defenses So this antigenic variability so is where pathogens frequently alter their surface proteins create significant hurdles for the vaccine development So uh the challenge is to design the vaccines that remain effective against constantly changing strains and moreover the limited cross protections between pathogen varants uh restrict the ability to achieve the broad long-lasting immunity leaving the population susceptible to new or mutated strains So the effective vaccines uh must engage both the innate and the adaptive immune systems to establish the robust immune memory So will enable uh the body to quickly recognize and combat future infections So thankfully uh the cutting edge platforms are tackling these challenges by harnessing innovative technologies such as M mRNA viral factor and also the nanop particle based vaccines to develop solutions that uh keep pace with rapidly evolving pathogens and deliver broader and more durable protections So traditionally uh vaccines uh such as life attenuated and inactivated types used for diseases like small pox So they have a proven uh track record but often required years of meticulous development to balance the safety and the effectiveness But modern platform including uh the viral vectors and nano particlebased vaccines have transformed this landscape by accelerating development timelines and generating the robust targeted immune response So while the transitional vaccines could take a decade to reach the public so modern platform like mRNA have reduced this to months and vividly demonstrated by the rapid uh deployment of the covid-19 vaccines So this unprecedented speed was a gamecher showcasing the power of the innovative technologies to the uh to combat the global health crisis So I will see this cutting edge platform further to understand how they are revolutionizing the vaccine development and paving the way for the faster and more effective response to PIDs Firstly the amna vaccine so it built uh on the evolution of the vaccine platform Uh it represent a groundbreaking uh forward in immunization technology So this vaccines functions by delivering mRNA that encodes the pathogens antigens essentially providing cells with a precise recipes to produce the specific proteins which mimic the pathogen thereby triggering a robust immune response without causing the disease So this mechanism allow the immune system to recognize and prepare to combat the actual pathogen So if accounted uh later uh for example is the price fiser bioentech and the modern vaccines for covid-19 which were developed in under a year so it's very fast is an unprecedented achievement uh that showcase the speed of amaret technology so wherein design can be completed in mere days so this rapid uh development is paired with scalability for global production and the ability ility to elicit strong T- cell and visel response which is uh which is critical for both immediate and the long-term immunity So the mRNA uh platform uh is flexible which allow scientists to quickly adapt to the genetic code to target new pathogen variants making it a powerful tools uh against rapidly evolving threats like uh eids and uh this highlight why amnes have become a cornerstone of the modern vaccinology Next is the viral factor uh vaccines So these vaccines operate by using a modified harmless viruses uh like a Trojan horse to deliver antigen encoding DNA directly into the host cells These prompts uh uh produce pathogens specific proteins that stimulate a robust immune response So the prominent example is the Oxford arena vaccine which employs an adinoirus base factor to protect against covid 19 So this platform excels in generating the strong tea cells and the bell response often achieving durable immunity with the potential for single dose efficacy This uh simplify vaccination campaigns So and the uh uh the most uh important hurdle is the pre pre-existing immunity to the viral factor uh which can reduce the effectiveness uh in some populations But by neutralizing the factor before it delivers its genetic payload So this limitations requires a careful selection of factors such as using the rare adino virus or the non-human adinoirus which we use in uh Oxford alosenega vaccine we use the chimpanzeee adinoirus instead of human So uh continuing this uh journey through the cutting edge vaccine technology uh let's uh uh turn to the next uh uh new coming technology which is nanop particles Next is nanoparticle vaccine Um these vaccines uh function by displaying the pathogen antigens on the surface of the engineered nanop particle which are uh designed to mimic the structure of the actual pathogens Uh thereby uh boosting immune recognition and the response So the prime example is the noax coid9 vaccine uh they use a proteinbased nanop particle to present viral spike proteins to the immune system So this platform offers the significant benefits including the exceptional stability that eliminates the need for stringent cold chain storage making it particularly suitable for low resource settings where the refrigeration is limited Additionally uh nanop particle vaccines el elicit strong antibody responses often surpassing other platform in generating high level of neutralizing antibodies uh which critical uh for pathogen defense Their designs allows for precise antigen presentations optimizing the immune systems ability to recognize and remember pathogens However their production can be complex requiring uh sophisticated manufacturing to ensure consistent antigen display So this stability and potenti uh position nanoparticle vaccines as a vital tool for the global health especially uh in regions with logistical challenges The next technology that uh is used uh in the vaccine development is uh uh structural biology uh which rely on the precise antigen presentation uh to enhance the immune response So we can use the cryo electron microscopy uh crym which is a pivotal uh pivotal role in advancing vaccine development by providing the detailed structure uh into the pathogens So the CRM acts act acts like a higher resolution camera giving us a detailed blueprint of the pathogen surface by mapping the molecular structure of the near atomic resolutions For example the cryom uh was instrumental in stabilizing the sarscto spike protein enabling the design of highly effective amna vaccines such as those developed by modern So by revealing the precise architecture of the imunogenic site the CRM allows scientists to engineer antigens that target the most vulnerable parts of the pathogens This elicits a stronger and more specific immune responses Uh this precision is critical for overcoming challenges like antigenic variability and immune escape which ensure vaccines uh focus on the conserve highly emoic uh region of the pathogen However uh the cryoM requires advanced equipment and expertise making it resource intensive uh though its impact on the vaccine uh efficacy is uh undeniable So this technology as ability to provide structural clarity has revolutionized antigen design as seen in the rapid development of covid-19 vaccines So looking ahead uh the system imunology takes the this precision uh further by integrating uh structural data with comprehensive imu immune profiling to optimize vaccine strategies against complex pathogens So following our exploration of the cryoMem uh which provide detailed structure of bluepins for the pathogens to enhance antigen design the system imology takes this precision to the next level by leveraging the fast data sets to identify the optimal vaccines target So this approach use hydrooput sequencing to analyze immune response and pinpoint imogenic epitopes So specific regions of the pathogen that trigger strong immune response uh uh just like uh we looking at the the diagram So uh we will uh process a lot of data uh from uh the workflow or the system imology So from the data uh we will generate the prediction and then from the prediction we will acquire the design So by integrating tools like AI and machine learning the system imology acts like a super smart assistant predicting predicting which epitopes are the most likely to elicit the effective long-lasting immunity So for instance the AIdriven models have been used to identify conserved regions in the influenza viruses enabling the design of the vaccines that target stable less mutation prone parts of the pathogen So this method processes an anonymous uh data sets genomic proteomic and imunological to uncover the patterns that would be impossible to detect manually also ensuring the vaccines are both precise and adaptable to evolving pathogens So while the computational intensive and reliant on robust data the infrastructure uh this uh approach significantly enhances our ability to develop vaccines against complex uh variable diseases and the impact is clear The system imology empowers the creation of more effective and targeted vaccines So the next frontier in vaccine development aims to achieve uh the vital goal So protecting against multiple strains or even entirely new pathogens So this accomplished through innovative approaches like targeting the conserved epitope uh the stable regions shared uh cross photogen varants and using um mosaic antigens that combine elements from various strains to broaden immunity So the prime example is the universal influenza vaccine which focuses on the hemaglutin stock and the conserve region of the virus offering a potential protections against the diverse flu strains including the deadly H5N1 that could uh spark the future pandemics The universal flu vaccines could stop the HFI N1 pandemics by providing the shield that adapts to the virus evolutions reducing the need for the annual uh strain specific shots The conserve epitop are the key uh which enable the immune system to recognize and neutralize a wide range of strains enhancing the broadspectctrum immunity that transcends individual pathogen varants So this strategy holds the promise for addressing the challenges of the antigenic variability and the rapid pathogen evolutions So the uh next ambitious goal in vaccinology is to develop the single vaccines that capable of protecting against all corona viruses So the pressing need given the global impact of the outbreaks like SARS MS and the COVID 19 This innovative approach focuses on targeting the conserve S2 subunit of the spike protein Uh the stable region shared across diverse corona viruses which play a critical role in viral fusion with the host cells Corona viruses share structural similarities in their S2 subunit offering a universal target that the immune system can recognize across species from bat origin strains to human pathogens So preclinical trials have shown promising cross protection with animal models demonstrating immunity against multiple corona virus variants including those with pandemic potential like source cof 2 and related bad corona viruses So this breakthrough could prevent future pandemics by providing a proactive defense potentially saving millions of life and reducing economic disruption caused by emerging trade So this precision of uh strategy hinge on leveraging this conserve region to to train the immune system effectively So moving forward the immune memory is critical as it ensures long-lasting protection and rapid response to any future corona virus outbreak building a resilient global health framework So in the cornerstone of the long-term protection lies the role of memory T cells and B cells which uh form uh the foundation of imological memory So these specialized cells are trained during the initial exposure to a pathogen or vaccines enabling a faster and more robust response to reexposure by quickly recognizing and neutralizing the threat before it can come uh and cause significant harm So memory cells enable faster response by remaining in the state of uh readiness with memory B cells producing antibodies and memory T cells coordinating targeted attacks so often within days rather than weeks So standard example is a ma vaccine fisor biioentech modern excel at inducing durable memory by effectively simul stimulating both T cell and B cell response So this uh durability is enhanced by the MRNA platform ability to mimic natural infection signal promoting long live uh plasma cells and the central memory uh T cells However the effective effect effectiveness of this memory depends on the vaccines initial priming and the pathogenous evolutions So moving forward uh translational challenges remain So as scaling these memory inducing vaccines globally uh while overcoming the production and distribution uh will be critical to uh realizing their full potential So the significant hurdle is uh realizing this advances is the issue of manufacturing bottlenecks uh which hinder the vaccine scalability So one prominent example is the cold chain requirement for amrna vaccines such as those from fiser bioentech which demand ultra cold storage as temperature as low as -70° uh marin stability are posing uh logistical challenges especially in the regions with limited infrastructure So this dependency on the sophisticated uh coal chains increases cost and complicates distribution particularly in the low resource setting So the promising solution lies in the modular production system which allows for the flexible decentralized manufacturing to meet the global demands and the development of the liophaliz uh or the freeze diet uh vaccines that eliminate the need for the ultra cold storage by remaining stable at standard refri refrigeration temperatures These innovations are not only simplify productions but also enhance accessibility by reducing uh reliance on the complex supply chains and enabling rapid scaling during the outbreaks For instance we can liize the amna uh which have shown the stability for months at 2 to8 degree So this is a gamecher for the global equity and moving forward uh we have another issue which is the equitable distribution and the affordability which remain a critical barrier to ensuring the widespread function uh vaccination coverage So in a pressing uh global concern is the issue of the disparities in the vacuum distributions which continues to threaten public health worldwide So this inequities leave millions at risk particularly in the lowincome regions where across remain severely limited So in uh mid 2021 only about 20% of the lowincome countries had any meaningful covid-19 vaccine So it it exposed vulnerable populations to ongoing outbreaks and varants So this dark gap highlights how wealthier nations secured early supplies leaving poorer regions behind So key example is the Kofax which is an ambitious initiative launched uh to deliver two billion doses by the end of 2021 to ensure equitable access especially for the low and middle inome countries However Kofax face significant logistical hurdles including supply shortage export restriction and delays in funding and production which fall short of this target with only about 1.1 billion doses delivered by early 2022 So these challenges underscore the complexity of global coordination and uh the need for robust infrastructure to support such efforts So another critical barrier is the issue of the misinformations which significantly reduces the vaccine uptake and undermines public health effort So misinformation spreads faster than vaccine with social media meets during the coid9 pandemic like claims or severe side effect of the microchip implantations gaining traction and and eroding the trust particularly in 2020 to 2021 when the uptake lacked in many regions So the study shows the direct correlations with area experiencing with uh high misinformations uh seeing vaccination rate drop by up to 20% compared to the well uh well-informed communities So to counter this the effective solutions include the community engagement where the local leaders and the healthcare worker build trust by addressing concern in culturally relevant ways and providing transparency from the health authorities providing clear evidence-based data on the vaccine safety and efficacy such as the rigorous testing of the amaran and the viral vector vaccines Now this strategy has proven successful with pilot program is 2023 showing a 15% increase in the uptake in the targeted regions The world health organization's global influence surveillance and response system or or the GSRS is the cornerstone of the global health security established over 70 years ago to monitor influenza and other pathogens with pandemic potential forming a network of over 150 national influence uh centers across 125 countries alongside specialized labs and the reference center So this system diligently tracks genetic mutations antigenic safe and the transmission pattern of the viruses like influenza the surf 2 and the emerging zonotic threats uh like others providing the real time uh data uh critical for the vaccine development uh diagnostic updates and the outbreak preparness But collecting data is only the first step Artificial intelligence takes this further by analyzing the fast data sets including genomic sequences animal host data environmental uh factors and human mobility patterns to predict and prevent outbreaks DI models often powered by machine learning and deep neural uh networks process complex uh multi-dimensional data to detect subtle patterns such as the genetic marker or the viralence uh or unusual spikes in the animal uh uh to human transmission which might elude traditional surveillance for instance is HPN1 which is a highly pathogenic aen influenza The AI integrates historical outbreak data the bird migration patterns and uh form density to pinpoint highrisisk regions enabling the GIS to flag potential outbreaks weeks ahead of the traditional method which saving times and the life through targeted containment vaccination campaigns and the public health alerts So to see this action consider the GIS uh ISRS network uh the global web of surveillance points So the national influence uh center labs and the uh who or uh wh collaborating centers linked by the dynamic data flows where each of the nodes com uh collect samples sequences genomes and report findings Professor Karina you have only three minutes left Okay It's okay So yeah Yeah SEPI aims to uh to produce vaccine in 100 days A groundbreaking goal to deliver safe effective vaccines against emerging infectious disease within just 100 days of identifying the pathogen genetic sequence So this outpacing epidemics and saving millions of life by compressing timelines that once took years So this mission a global call to action relies on cutting edge tools like predesign platform and stockpile antigens to achieve rapid response So viral factor is one of the platform that make this possible Uh like those used successfully for the Abola vaccines deliver genetic instruction to our cell to trigger a strong immune response And this proven with the COVID 19 vaccines rapidly encodes the viral protein for a swift adaptable defense And this platform are pre-optimized and tested allowing scientists to pluck a new pathogen sequence say from a novel virus and scale production fast a strategy horn uh through collaborative research So I'm proud to share that my project at Oxford advanced this technology defining how we adapt viral factors to tackle emerging threats So strengthening our ability to respond to unknown disease like disease X or the future pandemics So uh set 100 day mission in the timeline It kicks off with the pathogen sequencing in day 1 to 10 So by uh day 30 we use our platform uh based vaccine design leveraging the pre-existing viral factor system to craft a candidate and we can do the preclinical testing on day 60 and by day 100 we push through clinical trials to approval and fit made possible by pretock antigens and standardized protocol and global partnership So uh future direction of the vaccine um include AI and synthetic with AI driving predictive antigen design and outbreak forecasting So picture this The AI selects the antigen pre pre-trials harnessing advanced machine learning to shift through massive data sets genomic sequences protein structure and immune response profile and even climate and migration pattern to identify optimal antigens that spark strong precise immunity before even uh step into the lab And then AI pro forecast the outbreak predicting where and when pathogen like corona virus might search by analyzing mutation trends and environmental shift and the global trend Now we enter synthetic biology pushing boundaries with engineered antigen Uh through gene edit editing and protein design we craft tailor made antigens pine tune to trigger robust adaptable immune response against fast evolving virus So uh we have the bold vision of synthetic biology could cover entire pathogen families paving the way for pan corona virus and universal vaccines that shield us not uh just from today's strengths but from the future varants too thereby revolutionizing our fight against unpredictable threats Lastly for conclusion so we have uh learned about eid the new researching pathogens like saru um monkey pox aan influencer H5N1 and nebula so emerged from genetic spillover with 60% originating from animals to uh WH estimate 1.7 million undiscovered virus looks and driving high morbidity so this pathogen challenge us with the rapid evolution until the agent antigenic variability and limited cross protection but modern vaccine perform rise to meet uh their uh demands such as viral factor and mRNA vaccines and tools like cryium and map pathogen structures such as the surf cop spike protein uh while systemology use high throughput sequencing and I to uh predict effective epitope pin influencer and beyond So we push through towards the broadsp spectrum protection targeting conser region for pan corona virus and the universal influence vaccines to tackle multiple strains So thank you for listening to uh today's uh speak uh if there are any uh time for questions I will get to answer Okay thank you very much Profarina Give a big applause for Professor Karina Joe and we have a little bit of time So is there any question to Profarina for now we have one question slot You may raise your hand if you have any question Okay Please uh please introduce yourself first and then the question Okay Thank you very much uh Buayou Uh let me introduce myself My name is Ikbal Amanula Delhi You can call me Ibal I'm from imunology student Uh thank you very much Profarina that you have delivered such an exciting and so much insight for us about the vaccine development Uh I want to ask you about that what have you explained before about broadspectctrum vaccine uh especially in corona virus how about the efficacy which is it better than the specific strain vaccine for corona or or what or how how uh and in this I want to tell I want to ask about the efficacy is it the same with the specific spectrum vaccine or or yeah something like that And then uh the second question about me is about vaccine hesit hesitancy Uh as you know in Indonesia there's so much people who still avoiding vaccine because maybe uh their background or something like that as a vaccine developer maybe you can give the tips and trick how to raise the people uh awareness about the vaccine and how to reduce the vaccine hesitancy maybe that's all my question thank you okay so uh yeah broadsp spectrum vaccines again the specific stress uh the strain so yeah uh there are some uh broadsp spectrum vaccines they are developed uh by Caltech I think I think prime primaril regal Dr Brailer regiel is one of the resistor that uh contributes to this study by Caltech and Oxford So they uh designed a mosaic nanoparticle uh presenting the spike protein receptor binding domain from the sar cof 2 and uh seven other surf like beta corono viruses So if you're asking for the efficacy in the preclinical study of the broad broad spectrum it suggest the broad uh spectrum vaccines may provide more consistent protection across the diverse varants uh including those uh not directly targeted by inducing the antibodies against uh conserve variance But this vaccine have not entered any clinical studies So yeah they have designed it and then uh I think they have just uh published the clinical study So we have yet to uh have any efficacy data in humans uh unfortunately So yeah I mean yeah in the normal non-pandemic uh time it will take time for these uh newly developed vaccines to enter the clinical studies So the second question is about the vaccine hesitancy and how uh our researcher uh aim to handle this Okay So I mean I I I mean I will uh can only make a suggestion for everyone to take the vaccine because uh all the vaccines that is been commercialized have uh uh received the approval for from the health regulator of course and and then we already assess the risk and benefit uh of it and but we have to be transparent to all the consumer and the public about all the data that we have done in in the uh and in the lab and also in the the clinical and the clinical uh settings So we will have to inform uh the efficacy uh how the study goes and what is the risk uh yeah for the develop vaccine or the drugs itself So uh for me it's just being transparent to the public and to develop the trust of the public Yeah thank you very much Pro Karina And we have one more question in the Zoom chat box Uh is it okay if I read the question yes Okay So we have a question from uh Miss Amana and she would like to ask if uh that you mentioned the keto vaccine is the spike epitope and will this spike epitope remain effective in imunompromised individuals and how about the other target epitope such as the membrane or the nucleapset of the virus and is there any difference in efficacy for people with imunoc No compromise So what is the other parts uh the human uh so the first one is um you mentioned that the key to the vaccine is the spike epitope and will this spike epitope remain effective in imunocmpromised individuals and how about the other target epitope such as the membrane or the nucleioapset i think that is the first question Uh yeah I mean uh the all the spike I mean some of the vaccines use all the spike proteins because they have not uh conduct the severe uh rigorous experiment before So they use the whole spike protein and then they use the templates before because it uh was related to another virus called Mers and uh that vaccine is having the positive result in the phase two trial uh uh I mean in other settings such as the yeah the nano particles that targeted the broadsp spectrum vaccine has used the RBD only So RBD is located in the spike proteins and is uh the attachment of the virus into the cells So binding domain one of the binding domain it is used in the cult mosaic facets is also works too Uh uh yeah I mean uh the spike protein can trigger some of some of response uh include the memory T cells and uh quite critical for the long-term protections and but uh actually the efficacy is lower in imuno compromised groups because their ability to induce this memory cell is compromised Yeah But uh it was still suggested for this im imunocmpromised group to take uh these type of vaccines either made by RBD or the spike protein because yeah it still protects them from the severe case of uh uh uh symptoms from the COVID 19 Uh what about the membrane protein that nucllo capsis i think so far there's some uh preclinical vaccines that include all of these regions but I have yet to see their publicized data However none of them reaches the clinical settings So I I I will assumes that uh those antigens is not uh the one who uh will trigger the uh uh the neutralizing antibbody or the uh important uh T- cells that will protect uh for covid-19 infections But I I will have to uh see the data in the future if there's some publication that can prove that other antigens like the membrane or the nicapsid can trigger the uh protective immune immune response Okay thank you very much profina I think that answers the question from both our uh participants So uh before we close the opening session uh of professor Karina Joe we would like to give a token of appreciation So maybe uh professor Teresa as a program coordinator can give a little bit of appreciation to professor Karina Okay Thank you very much uh professor Karina for your supporting in the world day Yeah maybe we hope uh in the next we can collaborate again Thank you Thank you Okay So uh this is a appreciation from the committee and we will send a copy of this certificate to you later professor Karina Thank you very much for your insight and experience in vaccine development and we hope that the vaccine technologies can keep up with the evolving uh emerging and reemerging pathogens and thank you very much Profarina and once again please give Profarina a big round of applause So that would conclude the first uh the opening session and before we are moving to the second speakers there is a little bit of door prize to enlight uh the session the conference So Mr Nabil will um lead the door prize All right Thank you so much Dr Aayu and once again thank you so much to Prof Karina for that insightful lecture So as I said before we will be handing out lucky door prizes to some of our lucky participants throughout the conference And now I will announce the first group of lucky participants who have received this door prize Now how do we choose these participants well in Indonesia we have this saying called se paling pagi or the early bird Now these participants are exactly that These are the participants who have come so early who have come very early before even us at the committee is even prepared for the conference So without further ado these are the winners of the first door prizes Mhm Let's give it a second for a There we go So congratulations to Robbie Jayanto Faris Rega Shafira Calvin Katine and Hanifiski So for these participants you may contact the committee at the end of the conference to receive your door prize Now let me give you a little bit of a hint One of the door prizes is a special voucher from a dental clinic that you can use to get a big discount if I'm not mistaken Right Prof yes So that is one of the door prizes that you may be lucky wise to receive throughout the conference That is it for my intermenso Back to you Dr Aayou Very much mild So congratulations for the door prize winners and um I think everyone should stay until the end of this conference because there's there are still many door prizes because if you leave the conference then uh you will not be eligible to get the door prize So so if you want to get something back home please stay tuned until the end of the conference Okay So uh we are going to move to our second speakers So uh we have professor Dr Chita Rosita Sigit Praushwa here and her proof I think many of us already know hers and currently Profittita uh is the director of uh Dr Suttomo Hospital and Dr Suttomo Hospital I think is the main referral hospital in East Java and also a research institution So if you are wondering how we bridge uh the research and uh the management of the patient the clinical management of the patient uh profita is the I think profita will give a lot of uh her experience about translating the research result from the bands to the bedside and uh I think uh profita has already received many awards and um she has already um many experiences So without any further ado uh we will give the time to Profittita and she will be delivering her lecture about translating imunological knowledge into clinical practice and public health policy Without any further ado the time is yours Thank you Good morning our distinguished guest Uh I will present in Bahasa but my slides in in English Please slide [Music] Translating imunological knowledge into clinical practice and public health hospital knowledge Iological translational clinical practice and public policy practice interaction of gut microbiota hospital development of excellent pediatric imunotherapy services through innovation and entrepreneurship National level Understanding improvement system from bedside evidence based equitable and with effective intervention Public health dynamic interaction gut microbiota autoimmune Homeostasismiosis organismal probiotis Toronto Sorry The extra policy [Music] deficiency relative Trectone probiotic oral Microbalism review series evidence control groupia level control Family level Short chain fatty acid probioticis Probiotic Foreis Family control difference Family approaching the healthy control profile inclusive quality of life severity index Quality of life inflamm before Before after Fox probiotic difference of life clinic Before Important symptom psychological supportive probiotic Best practice Transology [Music] Clinicity of Transology Best practice Transational in hospital policy Development of excellence in patriotic services through innovation and entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship services performance and financial Building patient image loyalty [Music] significant increased incidents Large increase in prevalence that are covered by positive harmony negative money found in upper class families Treatment abroad Climate change Climate change allergy is increasing mechanism to hydroche Oh yeah Karina Foreisog Okay Outcome financial Total perisapy Medical treatment for allergies It is a topic Life saving Lifeening [Music] billion specialist Medical tourism VIP climate change [Music] exposure opportunity Crisis evidence journal conference Medical tourism beforeriving positioning brand and differentiation Double impact marketing Upper middleconomic groups Yeah Promoting exclusive service development market segmentation economy and lower differentiated Servicerivvecessology Iapy analysis outcome financial advocacy Funnel steps market Brazilian program outcome by finan Alhamdulillah Uh medicine financial outcome Fore speech Fore Alhamdulillah impact respore outcome [Music] Finani growch and folly Yeah [Music] Oh yeah Alhamdulillah market efficiency financial sustainability then economic impact networking strategy collaboration loyalty social influence healthare accessing research into clinical service and health policy Hospitalers integrated imunology ecosystem Interconnected innovation ecosystem One innovation open up another innovation Three pillars ience evidence based policy Thank you very much Baba if you have any question to pro we have one slot for one question Dr Puji please Yeah uh [Music] clinic [Music] clinic [Music] begin her research unit [Music] Bloom Bloom [Music] probiotic Probiotic receptac evidence forotropy Academic hospital Then joint commission international academic medical centeruc Human subject research program for director treat always Masala Yeah Okay Yeah So that would conclude uh the first session of this international conference and I think it's door price time again So I will be uh giving back the time to Mr Nabil Yes Thank you so much doctor So as you know I'm back here and you know what time it is it is time for me to announce the next patch uh the next group of people who will receive the next group of door prizes So who is the next group to the committee in charge you may now display the names Congratulations to Eggal and Amana and also brother Puji You you can contact the committee towards the end of the conference to receive the door prize All right ladies and gentlemen the fourth international conference of the world I imanology day 2025 has been sponsored by Senseware Kyros BPI and Well we would like to invite the representatives of Saints Work and Chyros to please present their company videos and products to the committee in charge The time and place is now yours [Music] bless distribution PCR bloodchemistry microbiology cell analysis Pre-order after service Standard operational procedure [Music] Fore [Music] system Fore [Music] speecific Fore foreign foreign [Music] indonesia [Music] Indonesia [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Woo [Music] hey honey [Music] Hey hey hey clam [Music] Clam clam clam [Music] [Music] Woo [Music] heat Heat [Music] Clap clap clap clap clap clap clap Heat Heat N [Music] Woohoo [Music] woo [Music] hey heat [Music] All right ladies and gentlemen we will now resume our plenary of lectures for today's conference So the third and fourth lectures will be moderated by our moderator Dr Fifin For the committee in charge please kindly display Dr Fifin CV Please allow me to introduce our moderator Dr Fifin holds a PhD in medical science from universistasa and has completed her post-doal training at on at Indonesia's national research and innovation agency or or bin Her extensive research has focuses on the immune system microbiome homeostasis and the impact of nutrition on health particularly in burn patients and infectious diseases With numerous publications in reputable journals and active participation in international conferences and webinars Dr Fifin brings a wealth of knowledge and a dynamic perspective to today's discussion So please ladies and gentlemen join me in welcoming Dr Fifin as she moderates the next lecture Okay Thank you Master of Ceremony Mr Nabil Good morning ladies and gentlemen Thank you very much for attending for this international conference word imunology day Now we will continue our discussion I'm Vipin Nerpina We'll get you for this discussion And now for the first speaker is um Dr Eugene Bong Ben is the Dr Ojin join the zoom Yes Good morning doctor I'm here Hi Dr Aujin How are you please correct me if I'm wrong Spell your name Dr Eugene Yeah it's correct Yes you're correct Alhamdulillah Okay Dr Eugene will speak uh about Andre Purtor with Yes But before I continue allow me to read curriculum Dr Eugene Bong Bing please screen Dr Ojin Okay Dr Ein uh nationality Malaysian age um year of birth 47 and now he is the age and current position of deputy director postgraduate in international coordinator for USM Rican interdisiplinary collaboration and advanced science and now the qualification is PhD in 2011 uh and uh in the university science in Malaysia and research interest of Dr Eugene is mechanism of bacterial pureance factor recombinant protein production and protein based rapid diagnostic and then next okay preview data from Dr Eugene is a senior lecturer of University Science Malaysia at the Institute for uh for research in molecular medicine He complete his master study supported by the Malaysian National Science Fellowship in Molecular Biology USM in 2005 In 2007 Dr Eugene was awarded in the Asian program associated scholarship for his doctoral research at the chemical biology department in Rican Japan's uh Japan's primary uh research institute Upon completion in his PhD in 2011 with the best thesis award he was um appointment as a post-doal furo and inform and was appointed a lecture in 2014 His research focused on the fundamental understanding of pathogenic bacterial protein that can be converted to jnastic application He group specialist in the use of years as a model for identifying and understanding bacterial ference factor He had been awarded several nation and university grants mashallah He was a visiting research associated professor at the University of Tokyo in 2016 and a visiting science at Rian Japan in 2023 He had a graduated six MST student and one a PhD student as a main supervisor His labor his lab's current focus in on the characterization of n novel bacteria purence protein identified from a yes chron inhibition screen and next and so many uh teaching experience Dr from Dr Eugene you can read is so many so Dr Eugene focus on the microbiology right Dr region and then uh next yeah research activity also focus on the microbiology you can read it is so many research activity I I read your curriculum but is so many publication have you written and then next okay um so many and so many complicated grants that uh uh Dr Eugen have done and next Yeah Next Okay And um achievement awards recognition from Dr Eugene is visiting research associated professor laboratory of sigma transistic uh transdiction and then graduate school of frontier science university of Tokyo and next okay uh I just say that so many research activity from Dr Eugene Okay Next And this is a research activity and publication also Next Okay I think it is so many Dr Eugene Yeah Okay Because we have a limited time Um maybe uh Dr Eugene can presentation now and your time presentation is 30 minutes After that we continue with a Q&A session Okay Dr Eugene time is yours Yeah thank you Dr W I hope that's right as well Yes thank you very much for the kind introduction Uh a very good morning to everyone pagi and sasra uh to Dr Prof Dr Teresia and also the organizing committee of the fourth imunology day international conference 2025 Um this is a lastm minute uh invitation but I'm I'm very uh glad that you have kindly invited us to share our work with you today and this is a fundamental work uh starting from the identification of virus factors as mentioned just now in the uh introduction like by Dr W So briefly uh I'm going to share with you uh what uh we've started roughly about 10 years ago until today And um we start with um the kindation by universityas ayanga So I do not know much about uh newasanga although we have heard about it in USM There are many talks by many speakers from newsa but I didn't know that it was in surabaya and I found out uh recently that there is a direct three-hour flight so we hope uh there will be more uh collaborations in the future if you're interested and uh speaking about that um in connection with our talk today um the we live in a tropical area so as you can see here Malaysia and Indonesia has a significant amount of uh annual incidence of leptosperosis and uh perhaps the higher regions will be uh towards the east and also in some parts of Africa as well So the reason for that is because of uh our tropical climate So we enjoy a nice tropical climate in uh the equatorial belt We are very close to the equator and in Panang as you can see here uh we have a nice national parks just like in Indonesia where families go for picnic and also for a swim but uh there is also a warning sign if you can see here So the warning sign is both in Bahasa and also in English Uh please be careful uh while you are enjoying the swim Uh the the water can also be contaminated by bacteria or virus or parasites And this because uh annually uh I think it's also the same in Indonesia There are some cases of um infections from various bacterial pathogens such as leptosperosis So next to the warning sign uh next to the natural swimming pool uh there is also a laptopis uh swimming sign uh warning sign that says that uh as you can see here about a pinak king tikus right uh that's in Bahasa and it tells about uh the various uh the the risks of swimming in those waters and if a person is not careful if they have uh open wounds and so on so they may be infected by laptop spiris or punak kenching tickos because when they are having a good time picnic in the natural uh areas sometimes families also bring food and so on and this food if not properly disposed of can attract rodents that may carry the laptop um bacteria and this can cause infection to humans through uh their urine So that's why it's called nyak kinking tikus So what is leptosperosis the bacteria that causes this disease So it is called whales disease Uh it is a spirit It's a gram negative bacteria Um it is has a cockcru shape and it was discovered more than 100 years ago firstly by Adolf will that's why it is called Will's disease sometimes However the person who isolated the bacteria were uh these two doctors Dr Inada and also Dr Itto from Japan So uh in the world today we have about annually 1 million cases of Leptospira uh leading up to 60,000 deaths if they are do not receive proper treatment And in Indonesia I found out that in 2019 um reported by the World Health Organization there were about 920 cases and 122 deaths In Malaysia also we have quite a number of cases So as you can see here perhaps due to under reporting and official reporting in Malaysia um leptospira is one of the diseases where you have to notify the uh health ministry ministry of health whenever you have a case of leptospira So uh number of deaths is also quite high over uh many many years over about 10 year period and uh periodically we also still get reports uh in our local newspapers whenever there is a case of laptop So leptospira is transmitted by red as we have seen just now um it spreads either directly to human or to domestic animals So if you have pets you also have to be careful and it can also affect uh cattle or those in the agricultural animals And then once it is uh it is uh transferred to humans whether through uh the water or through the rat's urine directly it can cause many types of uh pain due to the internal organ being affected by the bacteria and you have tooth phase where at first you have very common uh sickness which is similar to other types of disease perhaps like dengi or even infectious diseases But then you have what is known as the etheric phase which is where a person has jaund's So in terms of the pathogenesis we can see here that the leptospira once it enters the epidermis for example if someone has a cut in the skin then the bacteria can enter through the bridge in the skin through the epidermis layer and then it will slowly uh move on and attach to different parts of our cells and then entering our blood vessels and then get transported into different organs in the body So these bacteria because they have evolved over many many years um to be able to infect humans uh they can enter the liver the lung the kidney and also they they are very smart in the sense that they can evade our immune system So that is why leptosperosis can be very dangerous because sometimes people think they have a normal infection whether a flu because they just have a fever in the beginning but after that due to the immune evasion the leptosperosis can persist in our bodies and uh this is from a talk that I gave some while ago in Japan but I found this to be a very uh interesting and visceral image where we can see the Lactose spirro spiro bacteria So over here uh they are actually in the liver cells So it reaches the liver from the blood circulation and then it can invade between the hepattoes in the liver It can destroy these liver cells It can affect the bile therefore leading to what is known as jaundice or the yellow color that we see because of the uh liver damage So there are currently there are currently 10 species of leptoinspira that has been identified The main species that is responsible for most of the human infections is leptospira and turans And then there are also intermediate or mildly pathogenic species which are about five species of them And then in the nature in the environment there are also non- pathogenic leptospira So these are less harmful to humans but they may infect uh animals and other um other organisms in nature So from a genomic study that was conducted in 2011 uh looking at the genome of Leptospira uh researchers have found that there are about 655 unique proteins that may be potentially virilent So there are 78% of them that has no function So that is why uh we are particularly interested in trying to identify and find out more about the proteins of leptospira so we can perhaps treat and manage the disease more effectively in the future So what are virulence factors virulence factors contribute to the pathogen's ability to cause disease It is pres present in pathogenic species for example like this but not in the non pathogenic species and rhythm factors is important because to understand them we can understand the pathogenesis or how the bacteria causes infection in the host in human cells Uh we can also use them to identify targets for novel drugs or use them as biomarkers for diagnostics and design new vaccines So uh using yeast I'm going to show you in the next few minutes how we can use the yeast system to identify leptospira and turagans virance factors So yeast is a model organism just like the many other model organism in biology and life science as you can see here in drosophila the zebra fish which is very popular We also have drosophila the fruitfly There is also the mouse and the mice uh rat models ecoli and so on So uh among them yeast is a very simple microbial model and we use sacchroyces cervcier which is the bing yeast yeast that is used to make bread and so on to make beer Um but this is of course a laboratory strain which is more suitable for research So yeast is a very useful organism and over the years uh if you follow for example uh the Nobel Prize uh awards then yeast research done in yeast has been uh instrumental to identify various uh cellular mechanisms such as uh poptosis autoagi and so on and even for cancer research that has been awarded uh Nobel prizes uh from discovery is made in yeast and yeast is a very useful molecular biology model because we can do many things many studies in it So I'm just I'm not going to go through this but we published a paper on this last year a review paper and you may read more about it if you're interested in this area So how does yeast work so yeast is a simple system it can be a good bio sensor for bacterial virulence proteins uh what we do is um we clone the open reading frames or pathogenic genes from laptopa or even any other um pathogenic bacteria and then these genes may present or express as a protein in yeast So this is just a normal recombinant expression of proteins inside the yeast And if the yeast is uh fine they are not affected by these proteins being produced inside then we can receive or we can observe a normal growth curve However if there is uh an effect on yeast then we can see that the yeast is uh affected and the growth is also affected So this is some uh just a representation of a of a sick yeast so that uh it's easier to understand So we can use this difference where the growth is affected as an indicator of the bacterial virulence protein So uh my student lie many years ago uh when he was carrying out his master's research we started this project and from about 3,700 open reading frames in leptospira interrogens we selected about uh 10% which is the uh open reading frames of laptop which potentially codes for those virulence leptospira proteins uh we were able to do a PCR to amplify these genes and then clone them about So we able to get about 230 Uh we express them in ye uh we check the growth of each uh strain carrying the different plasmids So in one well we can have one plasmid being expressed So uh we use uh a micro plate reader to measure the absorbance and we can get the growth profiles of the 300 uh sorry 2 uh 30 plasmids and yeast strains that we were investigating So these are some of the classes of proteins that were selected for this study and these are all related to uh pro virulence or pathogenicity So some of them are permeases enzymes uh some of them are related to signal transduction to outer membranes and they have different different functions So altogether we selected 288 but were able to uh clone or obtain about 230 open reading frames into the plasmids So this is what a uh the result looks like after we've carried out the growth screen So the screen of course are sick model curves but we converted them into a single point data so that it's easier to understand So we can see here that here uh those proteins that affected yeast has a lower growth compared to the control which is somewhere over here And then most of the proteins doesn't seem to have uh any effect on yeast which is what is expected So we identified about uh 10 proteins which were affecting yeast So what we've done is that uh we wanted to confirm if these findings were true So in yeast studies we normally carried out what is known as a yeast spot essay So what you do is just to take a little bit of the culture and then spot them on the agar and this aar will tell you whether uh there is any growth or there is no growth So for example in this particular case uh for the control you can see that there is growth in both conditions However in the virulence strains where the yeast is producing the virulence proteins uh growth is actually affected and we do not see any growth in some of the um uh spot essays So altogether we've identified about nine uh proteins which has um effect on yeast and some of these proteins have been studied or reported before as we can see here um they are able to they are said to contribute to melanin cell entry function So it is called the MCE protein Uh some of these proteins are also interesting in the sense that they have been reported to be possible antigens for leptosperosis which means that we can use them as diagnostic antigens But in uh in our case we are interested in finding novel proteins or proteins that have not been identified and have not been studied before So we found this particular one protein that is possibly a uh putitative vance factor because they have a very strong effect on yeast However it has not been identified before So that piqu our interest and we wanted to know how these proteins affect yeast So using molecular biology methods we attach a GFP to this uh open reading frame as you can see here So we added a GFP tag so that now our protein can light up inside the yeast cell So what it does is that it can tell us where this protein locates in the yeast and possibly pinpoint some of the interacting proteins So how does it look like so we express uh GFP uh either as a control GFP only without any uh protein and then here is connected to the laptop protein which is in these codes So we can see that for this particular protein LIC 10280 the novo protein that has not been identified previously u it seems to be located or targeting the nucleus So that was very interesting for us and then we also investigated the other um proteins to see how they localize in the yeast cell So some of them do not have a particular localization where they are very generally spread But interestingly we also observe that uh these pathogenic leptospirins when they are expressed in the yeast cells they also affect the yeast morphology So the yeast cell is also affected in some way apart from its growth So we look at all of the the ones that we've identified So after that uh we focus on this particular protein called LIC 10280 because that is the unknown protein and the other proteins have been described and or reported before So we wanted to see if this uh protein can affect yeast uh if we change the concentration of the protein Meaning that uh we can control if we produce a small amount of protein uh moderate amount of protein or high amount of protein Does it affect yeast but interestingly we found that even at very very low concentrations uh this particular protein can affect yeast in a very detrimental way And then we tried to inhibit the production of this protein and we found that if we remove or we stop the production of this protein then the yeast can recover its growth So it means that uh this particular protein is the one that is affecting yeast directly And this work is was carried out uh by my PhD student Wong was done uh currently uh finishing his studies and he's done a lot of work on this So using western blood we also show that this particular protein is expressed and is present in G cells So this is the uh protein which has about 120 amino acids and it has a signal peptide as well However in the E.coli when we express this protein is E.coli it is not toxic to E.coli cells So it means that this particular protein is only possibly toxic to mamalian cells uh sorry icoratic cells because uh yeast is a simple icarotic organism However it doesn't affect E.coli when we express uh the same protein over here uh but we found that uh when we express in E.coli it seems um that we obtain a smaller band indicating that perhaps uh the signal peptide is removed in E.coli as seen here So we analyze this protein further Uh it is 120 amino acid protein which is relatively small when you talk about um proteins in the cell about 10 kilodelton Uh there's not much information available in the databases but when we search we found that uh it is a secreted protein possibly extracellular protein and although it was predicted to be non-toxic in some of the toxin databases but somehow it affected yeast So we also studied uh using molecular biology methods because we are molecular biologists So what we normally do is to try to uh chop up the protein to see which part of the protein is functional or um affecting its function So when we remove the signal peptide as when you see here uh the protein lost its function in inhibiting yeast So over here it can inhibit yeast but when we remove the synopeptide uh the the function is lost and then when we truncated from the C terminal of the protein the activity is also lost as well So we are not sure why exactly at this moment but perhaps uh in the future we can understand more about this and also we wanted to study the vitality of the cells and also viability So what we mean by this is that we wanted to see if this particular protein is killing the yeast cells whether it is causing cell death or it is just stopping the growth of the yeast So when we conducted this experiment uh using the stains as shown in the previous slide we use acetic acid as a control So acetic acid can kill yeast cells as you can see here And then um when there is no treatment the cells can grow very normally However in our case we found that there is only a slight reduction in the cell viability and also cell vitality Therefore it tells us that this particular cell or this particular protein doesn't cause cell death and it only stops the growth of the yeast So we call this as growth arrest So next we investigated uh whether this protein is conserved and found in all of leptospira So uh another PhD student putri investigated this by looking at the sequence amino acid sequence and DNA sequence of this particular uh protein and then we found that again interestingly it is very much in the pathogenic species So we can find this protein all of pathogenic species uh in the intermediate species but it is absent in the non- pathogenic species So maybe this gives us a clue that this protein may be uh involved in the infection or virulence of laptops We also look at the amino acid sequence by comparing it with all the available species that we can obtain And if you look at here you can see that they cluster or align um very conservatively among the pathogenic species but among the intermediate species the sequences has changed So currently we are investigating this to see how this uh difference in sequence will affect the infection of leptospira And finally uh what does uh this particular protein look like so today with the advancements of alphaf uh from Google we can see that uh this protein has been predicted with high confidence to look something like this So very we are very excited about this uh we at least we know what this particular protein looks like and uh right now after looking at uh the structure of the protein by my colleague Dr T we found that this protein has a kind of cavity and there's some of the amino acid proteins uh some of the amino acid residues which may be involved with the activities of this protein So we are currently investigating this So in summary we have identified a novel leptospira virolence factor Um we are still confirming with further studies how this particular protein may function during an infection At least for now it is very very toxic and causes growth arrest in yeast even in low protein copies Um the protein has a catalytic pocket and we were trying to understand how this particular catalytic pocket can lead to its function and hopefully we can understand more of this particular protein in yeast So coming back uh to this particular figure which I've shown you in the beginning um we know that the leptospira protein leptospira bacteria causes infection by entering through the epidermis and then traveling through the blood vessels to go to the important organs in our body and they can also uh evade the immune system in some ways So therefore understanding the pathogenesis of letospira and other bacterial pathogens is very important for disease management because we can now uh use this information whether for diagnostics or u designing new drugs and nowadays with the many models of uh AI software we can design um novel proteins which may inhibit this some of these particular proteins which causes infection I'm sorry Dr Yin Yes Oh yeah Thank you I'm sorry Yeah So this is my last slide I would just like to thank uh the committee again for giving me the opportunity to share our work today and yeah and thank you so much Yeah thank you so much Dr Eugene Give up for Dr Eugene Okay thank you very much once again Dr Eugene for your insight Maybe I think we have similarity Dr region in Indonesia have so many cases of lactosperosis Maybe uh I hope we can join us for collaboration soon Yeah Okay Now Q&A session I'm sorry I just have open one questioner anyone any question for Dr Eugene if there are no questions can I just share very briefly about our institute oh yes Okay Because uh we have always wanted to uh tell you about our institute Oh yeah sure Yes Ayangaanga is quite popular in USM Uh we always hear about it Okay Eugene Yeah Okay So our institute is called uh the institute for research in molecular medicine Uh it was founded more than 20 years ago and we are commonly known as inform in USM and also in Malaysia Um we are located in two campuses So we have the main campus in Panang which is about 3 hours away from Suraya very convenient by a direct flight Um we also have a another location another building in the health campus of Kalanta the east coast of Malaysia Uh currently I'm the deputy director and these are our executive members our director Dr Azia and also my colleague Dr Venu Currently we have about 19 academic staff uh working on diagnostics and no therapeutics and vaccine Um and then in we are currently one of the high institution of center of excellence in Malaysia one of 20 institutions and this is just about USM I'm sure maybe you have known already So our research areas are very much in diagnostics and infectious diseases mechanisms of disease as I've shown you just now Um we are very much open to collaboration So we welcome uh if you have any interest from your colleagues or yourself Um we have developed uh some invitro diagnostic kits that have been commercialized and are sold in the market in Malaysia and also in other parts of the world uh we have many research collaborations with overseas universities all over the world So we hope uh to welcome uh more collaborations with universities We we only have three post-graduate programs at our institute We have a PhD and masters by research and also u masters by mix mode So currently we have about 70 um international and local students combined Uh these are some of the topics that are offered at our in institute Uh we also have the mix mode program which is a coursework and combination of research So in one semester you can learn about molecular medicine and then in the semester two you can learn more about uh do either doing a business or doing more about research and also conduct a small uh mini research project that will be in a dissertation So we have this is quite a popular program and we have many uh students from various parts of the world So if anyone is interested you are most welcome to join this program Uh institute is also very actively involved in community engagement uh going to schools for science outreach and also some health programs So yeah that's it We would like uh to very much u encourage and welcome collaborations from uh yourself whether it's through student exchange whether your students would like to come for a few months I think a langa students does do come to USM for some short-term attachment so but perhaps not to our institute yet and then we also welcome any other academic exchanges or joint collaborations so thank you so much Takasi again thank Thank you Dr Eugene I hope we can collaboration soon Maybe uh Professia will say something Thank you very much Dr Eugene Yeah Yeah About your insight Yeah And uh thank you for your supporting for this program and maybe in the future we want to come in your campus Yeah Please visit us Yeah And I hope also to I can visit uh university sometime Okay Yes I have one question for your uh presentation of the pathogenesis of leptospira Yeah In the last slide you said that uh the pathogenesis is in the four way like uh attached to extracellular matrix and in through host fibroblast indothe Yes And then leptospira enter the bloodstream Yeah And facilitate immune in efficient And I want to ask about the intimate through the host uh fibroblast endothelial and epithelial cells It mean that uh the the protein have uh have homolof maybe with the fibroblast or epithelial cells or pedotal cells like this or maybe why why the leptospira will insert by the cells Oh okay So so you would like to know more about the mechanisms of entry of the bacteria into either fibroblast or into the the cells Is that correct yes Yes Yeah Mechanism of entry right yeah So um I think to to sort of maybe explain this um this is because of the unique shape of the bacteria Oops Unique shape of the bacteria So laptops is a corkcrew type bacteria So it has a spiral and therefore I think is due to this mechanism where it can have a spiral entry into into host cells compared to other types of pathogens such as um rotshaped bacteria where they need to have the cells perform some kind of focytosis to to take up those cells So a good example is actually salmonella salmonella tyi uh can interfere with the cell and causes the cell to per to perform some kind of envelope to to uptake the cells in the gut But in the case of laptops mirror because it is it has a cockcrew shape It is a spiral So it it is very effective in directly entering the cell and can bind to various extracellular matrix So a few studies have reported that some proteins are involved in the binding to ECM material that allows the bacteria to penetrate the host cells You thank you So it's very dangerous Yes Yes Yes Okay Okay Okay Thank you for your insight Dr Aene Yeah thank you prof Okay thank you very much for Dr Eugene Once more again to give a place for Dr Eugene Thank you so much for appreciate our remarkable speaker Dr Eugene We will give a digital certificate We'll show in the screen Oh yeah we invite for proof Teresia for give digital certificate for Dr Eugene Please pro Thank you Dr Eugene we will give you the digital uh certificate Yeah Yes definitely Appreciate it Yeah Thank you very much once again Thank you very much for Dr Eugene The topic uh underfilling spiral inspector with EF Okay Thank you doctor And now uh we will continue the next session the next speaker Yeah There is no announcement uh door prize master of ceremony There's no okay thank you Okay we will continue the next speaker The next speaker is uh Dr Arif Dr Arif Nur Muhammad I'm sorry There is uh Dr Arif in the Zoom Sure I can hear Hello Dr Arif how are you hello I'm good Hi I hope you can join with us soon Hi Okay Thank you very much for your time Dr Ari Um now we will continue this uh discussion The topic of Dr Arif is uh hope in the pipeline drug and vaccine innovation for nepa virus Right is it right Dr Arif okay But before I will we continue our discussion please share the curriculum of Dr Arif Okay Dr Arif now uh in education from Dr Arif is the Kumamato University PhD in medical science and now um alumni Yeah Dr from universa doctor in veterinary science in 2023 and bachelor of science biology next oh yeah experience Dr Arif is so many experience maybe you can just read in the screen okay next science achie achievement of Dr Arif is so many next publication publication that written by Dr Arif so many and expertise I highlight the expertise of Dr Arif is purology bio informatic molecular biology and imunology so maybe you can join with Dr Arif to collaboration uh research or may or maybe make a publication just notice that experience of Dr Arif is imology too Okay Next Yeah Dr Arifuga review art review uh editorial and review artp editorial roles is so many Dr reviewer reviewer for academic journals and next Yes Okay Thank you very much And now because we have a limited time Okay I'm so sorry Dr Arif Now uh you can presented your uh topic and your time 30 minute for presentation Dr Arif time is yours Okay Thank you very much for introducing me Uh I just share my screen first Could you see my screen yeah clearly Okay Okay Good morning everyone Yeah Uh but for Indonesian people and then uh thank you very much for having me in this activities in this seminar and thank you for director of postgraduate school and head of the uh heart of study program of imunology and all the committee of the conference Today I will talk about the hope in the pipeline uh drug and vaccine innovations for nepa virus I'm coming from joint research center for human retro virus infection Kumamoto University uh probably my research focusing on viology and now uh I'm focusing on the retrovirus for especially uh like bine leukemia virus and then uh HDLV HIV and the the other hand on the other hand I also doing a research with my team and collaborators about uh zonotic diseases like nepa virus ebola and so on Okay this is the table of contents for my presentation Overview of Nepa virus zenotic in Indonesia current situation in Indonesia therapeutics and drug development regarding the Nepa virus and vaccin development landscape challenges and opportunities ahead and conclusion Uh maybe vaccine development landscape have been demonstrated a lot by professor Karin Nacho Okay first uh major infectious disease outbreak since 18 uh 1918 So we can see here uh Spanish influenza occurred in 1918 And how many deaths around 100 million and we can see here Marbrook hemorrhagic fever Lassa fever Ebola hemorrhagic fever SIV NEPA fever caused by Nepa virus SARS MRS Zika and of course COVID 19 So we can see here for distribution of peropus bats this kind of bats and cases of nepa virus worldwide the color or uh red color introducing the nepa virus occurring in Malaysia Singapore Philippines India and Bangladesh How about Indonesia in Indonesia we don't have any cases in human But some researchers already discovered this viruses and the green color It's about the ter theropus distribution in Africa South Africa Madagascar of course in Southeast Asia including uh some parts in Australia So next natural and experimental transmission of nepa virus we can see here theopropus bat uh in experimental infection they can infect pig and other bats and then nonhuman primates san hamster cat ferret mouse guineie pig or especially ferret you can use ferret as uh animal trial in vaccine development and other researches regarding the upper infectious uh disease in uh our respiratory system and then from the bed they are moving to pig and human like in Bangladesh uh cases they are moving from pet directly to humans in Philippines we can see here from pet to horse and from horse to human and other animals Yeah for the details we can see in this slide from saliva urine blood or from pets They can transmit the virus from horse to horse outbreaks in Philippines and pick outbreaks in Malaysia and then directly from uh pets to human in India or Bangladesh because of the routed palm sub consumption So that's why there are many cases directly from pets to human This one about the colorized uh transmission electron microscope or microrap we can see here the yellow color and the red color and this one regarding those virus Okay for about the genome So this one the complete genome of npa virus with this uh assess codes in gin bankang around 18,000 base pair uh smaller if we compared with uh sarsco v2 and we are focusing on fgene and gene or f protein and groin this these kind of proteins can induce the immune response system so that's Why this kind of proteins very important to study it and we can see many uh researchers publish the research in this kind of proteins Okay The genome and structure of npopirus uh nepopirus uh include in parameo day So this one the other viruses in the family bula virus or Newcastle disease virus and then hipa virus vendra virus and many things and this one about the structure we can see here the fusion protein or attachment glyoprotein and other uh structural proteins and of course for others nonstructural proteins helping the virus infect the infect the uh host cells This is the life cycle of nepa fibus binding to the host cells with a freid B2 and attachment glyoprotein and then uh fusion and encoding release the viral single stranded RNA and then processing the transcription and translation like other viruses and then assembly and blooding process After that uh the new ferin particles comes up and infects other viruses other uh cells And then we can see here uh many vaccines and antivirals developments in uh against the proteins like uh against the glyoprotein G and then glyoprotein F matrix protein or also for antifirals they targeting the RNA Ah this one about the Aphrine B2 and G- protein attachment We can see here from Odin at all and sue at all and ephine B3 with G protein they already documented it in uh PDB database and we can access it and we can use it for our research especially in molecular dynamics molecular docking and other bioinformatics uses Okay amino acid alignment of FNB B2 and FinB3 across species This kind of research so important because they can demonstrated that how this virus can infect uh many species not only human not only the bats or maybe not only the pigs but almost all mammals can infected by this virus If we check uh the B2 sequence and B3 sequence only small changes here that's why they can infect um you know broaden species based on bark apple in viology quite a old study but this kind of research so important [Music] So uh so hearing at all 2018 2016 uh stated about the NEPA virus replicas differently in human and or science cells Yeah this one uh experimental studies have shown that uh nepa virus replicates differently in human and person cells the the black color is porine cells and the gray color is human cells So human area cells produce higher feral titers and exhibit faster spread through cellto cell fusion compared to primary person airway epithelial cells We can see in this data also if interferent beta and other aspects that's why this virus uh can infect the human symptoms and clinical sign of nepa virus infection we can see here in nose eyes lungs of course and spleen or lymph nodes sa blood urine in urine we can See here uh fir detected in urine So maybe uh urine can be used as uh biomarkers for nepa virus infection in the in the future and kidneys liver heart of course brain or central nervous systems So how about the taxonomy of NPA virus uh based on the new updated uh taxonomy including on older monales and then family paramix and genus henipirus and the species name hipafirus nepah hens There are other four species in hipah virus like uh virus cheddar virus ghana virus and birus So this one about the uh filogenetic tree of Aramisophirina We can see here uh Aramisophirina and then uh Bafir Rabd Filopir Filopir We can know like Ebola virus and updated filogenetic insight into Nepa virus uh the blue color Malaysia and uh purple color Thailand green color India and the yellow color Cambodia and Bangladesh And we can see here uh the distribution of cilogenetic tree based on the regions Bangladesh Cambodia and then uh Thailand and so on Indonesia is still not included because uh quite new research in Indonesia NEPA virus specific diagnostic tools Yeah we can see here there are many tools used for diagnostic for infection like laser detect antibodies and viral antigen and molecular aspects like cell cellusion essay virus naturalization test PCR and scencing and dissoculture and so on So how about in Indonesia now uh based on sendo at all in 2010 uh nipa virus in kalimantan yeah they published the results from uh kalimantan in west kalimantan of course uh in pondanak and sinkawang district in Pontanak they collected some samples that positive infected by nepa virus in pets And the next in Sumatra same researcher uh sendo at all in 2013 stated that uh nepa virus in the fruit bed or theopus famirus in Sumatra They collect samples from Delhi Sardan and Maidan and pulled in uh PCR test and then from the PCR test they uh recorded many positive samples After that they performing a sequence and of course they have uh similarities with uh other viruses isolated from Bangladesh India Malaysia The new research coming from Java at all 2025 publish the study in emerging infectious disease So uh nepa virus detection in therapus hippo melanus bats in central Java This one the condition of their studies and they collected the samples from bats from this uh study We can see here uh the samples they collect uh they collect the samples uh from Malang and then they have similarities with Nepal virus Malaysia other than Nepal virus uh Bangladesh So it means that uh they have a close relation between Cyrus in Indonesia and Cambodia Thailand and Malaysia That's interesting So why bats become a unique because uh bats have unique immune defense as a feral for we can see here uh published paper published in nature stated that uh pets have different immune system with other mammals That's why if they infected with viruses they are not uh response like uh human So we can see here uh some aspects in that are not uh produced and uh silently happens If we compared with uh immune system in human that's why pets can be used as a natural leard for and why help for sustainable sustainable and healthy future is so important You can see in this uh journal in plus photogated by WH Southeast Asia but uh now Indonesia is not uh including in Southeast Asia member Maybe there are some updated in the future So binomirmatics and discovery and drug discovery for nepa virus infections needed to reveals a new drugs This one uh support system for bioinformatics We can see here like information technology database computational resource and so on And from thousand compounds we can check and analyze until we get one compound only for candidate Here is the details based on suangat uh journal of chemo informatics and marine natural products again in uh nepa virus already uh reported by abdul jal at all in computational biological chemistry We can uh see here with uh bionformatic tools they can reveal uh some candidates and also this one from Rababi and N and they perform research in bioinformatics tools starting from uh natural compounds and toxicity analysis molecular docking principal component analysis formur and so on and effect offering them severe treatment on nepa virus infection So uh here from David Atall and others we can see in this slide that many drugs already tried to use for NEPA virus infection and later from the seir uh have a good chance to be accepted as a drug in the future And also uh I developed uh the research center for bioinformatics and biotechnology and we are producing uh good systems and bioinformatic tools including the molecular dynamics analysis and you can see here for our research Okay we are moving to vaccine developments uh types of virus vaccines and isopans You can see here many types of viral factor vaccine DNA based vaccines and others already developed and described by uh previous previous speaker and consideration for potential AU fun We can see here safety profile of course this one this important thing and those sparring effect antigen compability ro of transmission natural releasing antibbody response the cell immediate immunity and so on This one the preparation of subunit vaccine starting from the ferus genome analysis to subunit vaccine preparation and formulation You can see here for virus like particles vaccine and I take this figures from Bahara at all You can read all the details here and this one the diagrammatic workflow for DNA vaccine preparation and RNA vaccine This one for DNA vaccine and this one for RNA vaccine RNA vaccine we can see for mRNA for the latest technology used in vaccine development Okay how about the computational biology and AI in vaccine development we can reveal from the candidate prediction and then protein nature prediction and epitope prediction for P cell epitope T cell epitope and multiepitope fiction design and then uh protein structure prediction alpha fold using and other uh tools docking and simulation for example we can use glass pro head and amber Growax and other tools especially in AI and then uh codon optimization to develop the plasmids and peptide isolation and purification After that uh auan selection and then uh preclinical and clinical evaluation we can use mice uh nonhuman primates and other species and after that uh clinical evaluation in human faction composition So active ingredients of course like viral or bacterial antigens adjuants antibiotics trace components preservatives and stabilizers that's so important for uh section composition and you can see here and read more in uh this reference and this one about the faxin auans use in uh many times like aluminium salts zeros and S03 is 01 and so on Indonesia have potential as a regional hub for vaccine R&D We can now we can see here uh CEPI and bioarma have a partnership and then of course universal langa also developing inavak vaccine in uh vaccine res center and development and technology and also this one technology we are uh join this consortium bioarma represent Indonesia in this uh kind event and vaccine candidates uh technology platform face and disease We know that uh recombinant protein have the most developed in vaccine development and from this 22% of recombinant proteins we can see here uh mostly in phase one and nucleic acid inactivated feral factor and so on and then how about the country leading in this development USA China western Europe they are leading in vaccine development and how about the virus or pathogens subsca malaria and so on mostly uh private or industry lead for this development other than academic corporation or others So Indonesia Alliance uh phase three trial for TB vaccine candidates There are uh six candidates for TB vaccine and Indonesia use M72 for clinical trials in phase three That's so important for eliminate TB in Indonesia Yeah you can read my article here in the conversation about the uh clinical trial phase three and don't believe in hawks Okay Beside an imunogenicity testing of npoperus vaccine in mice So in mice uh we can see here based on Kim at all uh they develop the preclinical trials in mice and the collect they collect the syrup after four weeks and analyze which one are better which kind of peptides and how about the dose how about the adopan use they analyze many things including the road of transmission [Music] uh vaccine in development or to prevent nepa virus infection Yeah many vaccines are already developed for nepa virus infection You can see here and also the references and ongoing trials clinical trials Yeah I already collected the and check for the slides and there are four candidates in clinical trials ongoing right now How about the new uh systems conventional and novel vaccination routes in the future maybe we can develop micro needles Micro needles prevent something not uh fun in vaccination process I'm sorry Dr You have to make Yes Yeah Yeah And then uh unlocking structure using uh cryomm and cryom is so important and now established in Indonesia in brain they have many types of cryo em technology So it's not uh this so important and we can perform this study another uh what's less alert from COVID 19 and already developed by already described more in previous speakers and this is X we should already in this uh diseases and SAP have target 100 days mission after the disease X identified and in 100 days after that uh saxine and that already available and sis have animal model and clinical research partnerships but Indonesia is not in this uh collaborations and rise in high security pathogen labs worldwide it's so important to eliminate uh Nepal virus or doing research in uh NEPA virus because NEPA virus needs PSL 4 So we can see here uh not so many institution have PSL4 in Indonesia maybe we have PSL 3 and PSL 3 class but not BSL 4 Okay key takeaways and references Uh NEPA Nepa virus remains a serious threat in Southeast Asia including Munia Drug vaccine development is progressing but no approved treatments yet And then challenge uh limited infrastructure early detection gaps founding of course in foundings we have many problems and one health approach is crucial to uh effective promotion and control and Indonesia can lead the stronger research collaboration and preparedness Uh so I have a research topic in frontiers in viology You can submit your manuscript here and I collaborate with my colleagues including Russia India uh Japan and others And you can also apply for research internship in my uh research center in Kumamoto University in Graduate School of Medical Science and others You can check here I already placed some references And this is my lab We are focusing on the retro virus research HIV bine leukemia virus and other type of or viruses like it's BV HBV and others Thank you very much You can follow uh our lab Instagram if you need more information Thank you very much and back to the committee Okay Thank you very much Dr Ari Give a first for our speaker Dr Arif Okay because of limited time I just hope open one questioner Any question there is no question It mean the reason no one to third price right no Okay Any question yes please Um please mention your name and appalation Thank you Good afternoon My name is Septin I'm graduated from doctor student of Aranga University Um seeing your experience in the field of vaccine Dr Arif it is interesting and um my question is in developing vaccine itself using the various method what is done to minimize the occurrence of antibbody dependent enhancement Uh did you focus on that in the development of vaccine thank you because um you know that uh AD is worsen the patient condition Thank you Okay Yeah Uh thank you for the question uh AD already reported in dingi uh vaccin previously but now uh many researchers and one product already approved for dingy vaccine without any antibbody uh enhancements problem So depends on if we see the uh overview of vaccine development we should know that uh there are many uh process from the preclinical trials In preclinical trials there are many animals used like uh mice and then uh serat and then non-human primate And we can see in this uh section that if there is there any problems with the safety of our vaccin candidates Is there any uh problems of the antibbody enhancement we can analyze more in in this uh part of study in preclinical trials before we move to clinical trial Otherwise it will be more uh dangerous dangerous if we suddenly miss it and move to clinical trials and s uh something happened with uh human in clinical trials that's so dangerous So before in clinical trials we should analyze and uh comprehensive assessments for preclinical trials including uh antibbody enhancement but in bioinformatics maybe there are many limitations So that's why we cannot produce uh the vaccine with bioinformatics tools Bioinformatics tools uh helps a lot in prey development We can analyze the protein We can analyze the genome We can analyze many things regarding the uh bell epitope mapping D cell epitope mapping and other suggestions But in antibbody enhancement we should know uh using the animal trials In animal trials we can analyze many things like uh how about the peptides impacts the organs of animals how about the safety how about many things and then after we assess it and we can think that everything is okay everything is clear and no problem we can move to the clinical trials And in clinical in preclinical trials we don't have we don't use only one animal not only mice but sometimes we use mice rats and then nonhuman primates like mak and other types of animals like ferrets ferrets uh especially ferrets that's so expensive and we can uh import it from European countries to Indonesia and they have special passport like human That's so interesting In my previous study uh we developed many types of preclinical trials using ferrets in influenza and covid-19 vaccine development and we test for uh safety assessment of this kind of vaccine vaccine candidates Okay maybe enough or you have still not clear Feel free to ask Thank you Dr Ari for your explanation Okay Thank you very much Dr Arif I give applause once again for Dr Arif Okay For appreciate our remarkable speaker Dr Ari We will give a digital certificate uh will show the screen and we invite professia for give a digital certificate for Dr Arif please [Music] support [Music] [Music] Yeah Dr Okay this is the end of this session Thank you very much for your attention I'm Vivina Thank you And uh this is your time Mr Navil All right Thank you so much Dr Fifin for your time for moderating this session Ladies and gentlemen it is now time for the next agenda The agenda that we have all been waiting for It is now time for break time and also for the personal presentation So we invite all the jury and participants of the poster presentation to please prepare yourselves and the presentation will take place in the hall outside of the conference room So when you exit the conference room please make a left turn and that is where the personal presentation will take place For the other participants you are now welcome to enjoy the break time The break time will last until 100 p.m and we ask you to please kindly be back in the conference room before or by 100 p.m Thank you and enjoy the break [Music] Foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] Welcome to the floor [Music] professor Dr program [Music] I monolop international your mouth [Music] for [Music] register you have already received your lunch boxes please we kindly ask you to eat in the room that has been provided outside as in this conference room uh there is a whole food and drink policy Thank you and thank you for your understanding You may enjoy your meal outside in the room that has been provided [Music] Oh yeah [Music] Oh yeah [Music] [Music] Yep Okay topic Yeah [Music] [Music] system [Music] Yeah [Music] for [Music] Dr forms hydro nano antibactery Instagram official [Music] Elk Biotechnology is located in the beautiful and fast developing Wuhan Elk is a high-tech biological company specializing in mil and molecular biology research We now own 1,600 square meter laboratory having independent cell culture room and SPF animal room We have four major platforms pathology immunology molecular biology cell biology Our research focus on immunochemistry tumor research neurobiology ciocyto transduction We have 8,000 plus elisa keys 60 plus molecular biology ray agents 11,000 plus antibodies We have certificated with ISO and CE mark Each product has complete R&D production and Q course experienced R&D technical team complete quality inspection support department strict inspection process providing customers with reliable quality scientific research products We have fast delivery chain by FedEx or DHL Since the company started overseas markets in 2018 we have reached a stable cooperation with distributors coming from more than 50 countries and five continents Our goal is to provide scientists with the most cutting edge and the cost effective research tools Our mission is to provide the best solution and the most reliable partners for researchers all over the world We will always implement the concept of environmental protection in the production process [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Hi friends for anti-aging Hero antioxidants Vitamin Cessuess [Music] [Music] [Applause] Fore foreign foreign [Music] market [Music] professor Dr program [Music] Foremin National More [Music] for [Music] [Music] register Mr Monology [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] Oh yeah [Music] Oh yeah [Music] [Music] Yep Okay Yeah [Music] [Music] emailology [Music] Fore forms hydro nano anti-inflamm Antibacterist performity Instagram drofficial [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Elk biotechnology is located in a beautiful and fast developing Wuhan Elk is a high-tech biological company specializing in mil and molecular biology research We now own 1,600 square meter laboratory having independent cell culture room and SPF animal room We have four major platforms pathology immunology molecular biology cell biology Our research focus on immunochemistry tumor research neurobiology ciocyto transduction We have 8,000 plus elisa keys 60 plus molecular biology ray agents 11,000 plus antibodies We have certificated with ISO and CE mark Each product has complete R&D production and Q course experienced R&D technical team complete quality inspection support department strict inspection process providing customers with reliable quality scientific research products We have fast delivery chain by FedEx or DHL Since the company started overseas markets in 2018 we have reached a stable cooperation with distributors coming from more than 50 countries and five continents Our goal is to provide scientists with the most cutting edge and the cost effective research tools Our mission is to provide the best solution and the most reliable partners for researchers all over the world We will always implement the concept of environmental protection in the production process [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Hi friends anti-aging water antioxidants inhaler process success [Music] [Music] [Music] visiting [Music] Okay [Music] Professor Dr program [Music] Foremin [Music] international your mouth [Music] for [Music] [Music] register Mr Monology [Music] [Music] [Music] Oh yeah [Music] Oh yeah Bye-bye [Music] [Music] Yep [Music] Yeah [Music] Neuroimology [Music] aboutchech [Music] Hey Dr forms hydro nano antibactery Instagram official [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Elk Biotechnology is located in a beautiful and fast developing Wuhan Elk is a high-tech biological company specializing in mil and molecular biology research We now own 1,600 square meter laboratory having independent cell culture room and SPF animal room We have four major platforms pathology immunology molecular biology cell biology Our research focus on immunochemistry tumor research neurobiology ciocyto transduction We have 8,000 plus elisa keys 60 plus molecular biology agents 11,000 plus antibodies We have certificated with ISO and CE mark Each product has complete R&D production and Q course experienced R&D technical team complete quality inspection support department strict inspection process providing customers with reliable quantity scientific research products We have fast delivery chain by FedEx or DHL Since the company started overseas markets in 2018 we have reached a stable cooperation with distributors coming from more than 50 countries and five continents Our goal is to provide scientists with the most cutting edge and the cost effective research tools Our mission is to provide the best solution and the most reliable partners for researchers all over the world We will always implement the concept of environmental protection in the production process [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Hi friends anti-aging water antioxidcess Ultra [Music] success After [Music] [Applause] Mobility [Music] Receiver Fore [Music] [Music] professor Dr IAWDin Program [Music] Foreign speech Foreign speech Foreign speech Foremin international Italy [Music] support [Music] [Music] Hey backy [Music] [Music] Fore foreign foreign [Music] oh yeah [Music] Oh yeah [Music] Sayology [Music] [Music] Yep Right Yeah [Music] Neuroimology [Music] [Music] Extreme [Music] Fore foreign foreign [Music] forech Dr forms hydro nano anti-inflamm Hydronwater official [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Elk Biotechnology is located in a beautiful and fast developing Wuhan AL is a high-tech biological company specializing in meal and molecular biology research We now own 1,600 square meter laboratory having independent cell counter room and SPF animal room We have four major platforms pathology immunology molecular biology cell biology Our research focus on immunochemistry tumor research neurobiology ciocyto transduction We have 8,000 plus elisa keys 60 plus molecular biology agents 11,000 plus antibodies We have certificated with ISO and CE mark Each product has complete R&D production and Q course experienced R&D technical team complete quality inspection support department strict inspection process providing customers with reliable quality scientific research products We have fast delivery chain by FedEx or DHL Since the company started overseas markets in 2018 we have reached stable cooperation with distributors coming from more than 50 countries and five continents Our goal is to provide scientists with the most cutting edge and cost effective research tools Our mission is to provide the best solution and the most reliable partners for researchers all over the world We will always implement the concept of environmental protection in the production process [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Originator program study Mr [Music] Program Study program International [Music] support [Music] class [Music] How to be active oh register [Music] [Music] Oh yeah [Music] Oh yeah Oh yeah [Music] Goodbye [Music] Yep [Music] Automaticology [Music] [Music] [Music] talking about [Music] Dr forms hydro nano anti-inflamm Hydronic Instagram official [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Elk Biotechnology is located in the beautiful and fast developing Wuhan AL is a high-tech biological company specializing in meal and molecular biology research We now own 1,600 square meter laboratory having independent cell counter room and SPF animal room We have four major platforms pathology immunology molecular biology cell biology Our research focus on immunochemistry tumor research newer biology ciocyto transduction We have 8,000 plus elisa keys 60 plus molecular biology agents 11,000 plus antibodies We have certificated with ISO and CE mark Each product has complete R&D production and Q course experienced R&D technical team complete quality inspection support department strict inspection process providing customers with reliable quality scientific research products We have fast delivery chain by FedEx or DHL Since the company started overseas markets in 2018 we have reached stable cooperation with distributors coming from more than 50 countries and five continents Our goal is to provide scientists with the most cutting edge and cost effective research tools Our mission is to provide the best solution and the most reliable partners for researchers all over the world We will always implement the concept of environmental protection in the production process [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] All right welcome back ladies and gentlemen to the conference of the world imunology day 2025 I hope that the lunch break was very nice and the food provided was also delicious Uh I ate the same thing as you guys and wow the food was delicious So kudos to the consumption team of the committee All right now without further ado without wasting any more time let us go right into the fifth and final lecture of today's conference which will once again be moderated by our wonderful moderator Dr Fifin I'm sure that you guys already know her and still remember her So Dr Viv stage is now yours Okay Thank you very much uh Mr Nabil master of ceremony Okay Now we will continue our discuss for this international conference word imunology day And then and the next uh the next speaker is um Dr Pramila Dr Dr Pramel PhD There is Dr Pramila in the zoom Hello Hello Dr Promeila How are you hope you're fine Yeah I'm great thank you Okay Yeah Thank you very much for attending this uh word imunology day Dr Prammla Okay Um before we continue our discuss let me uh I read curriculum Dr Pramula Can you share screen okay Yes Dr Pramila Realel uh MRC with the Institute of Molecular Medicine and Dr Pramila experience and education COI career development fellow at the University of Oxford and Dr Primula also post-doctoral science in University of Oxford and doctoral philosophical philosophy medical science at the University of Oxford and then uh balor science life science kumloud give for Dr Pila at the university the Netherlands next okay Dr Formula have a key research achievement Um neurom neurominid influenza vaccine development influenza neuromminid neurominid dice nanop particle vaccine and improve in a production via loop graviting and so many patents from Dr Pramila And then next okay Dr Promeila also have a selected skill uh pureology and imunology and then molecular biology data analyzis and visualization leadership and a collaboration is a very match with as imological and imunology magister program in uh postgraduate school suro also learning about leadership Dr Pramila and then Dr Promela teaching and supervision uh supervising PhD and post-doctoral re resourcer and then mentor at MST undergraduate and ele student Next okay so many grand awards and publication for from Dr the prime reg you can read it is so many next okay okay yeah thank you very much okay uh Dr Prome maybe uh you have 30 minutes for presentation and now after presentation we continue with the Q&A discussion Okay Now time is your Dr Braila Yeah Um first of all thank you very much for inviting me to present my research at the fourth world immunology day 2025 conference at the University Langa Uh thank you to the organizing committee and professor Theesia Um so today I'll be presenting on the new remedy influenza So influenza is quite common um um all over the world So I'll take you through uh some of the introduction and then into my research Um so influenza has a a wide range of host So there are four influenza types I'm just going to Yeah So there are four influenza types and human epidemics are mainly caused by influenza A and B There are influenza C and D as well However they do not cause um uh severe infections in humans Um and it's um so C is very mild Um but then the influenza A viruses have um um quite a wide range of um host immunity So to introduce the influenza virus first there is um there are two uh so it's a single stranded RNA genome it's a negative sense and unlike the other RNA viruses it's the it's a single stranded um and there are eight segments the gene is not a single but then there are eight segmented genes so there are two major surface glyoproteins which are HA and NA we call them so the HA is is the most dominant and it has about 80% on the surface and the new Roman days is only 20% Yeah So the in um so there are influenza A and B viruses which cause human epidemics or pandemics and in terms of influenza A there are hemoglutin H1 to H18 subtypes and neurominides are from N1 to N11 subtypes So based on the HA and NA the virus contain the virus the gets the name the nomenclature for example H1 N1 So there could be number of combinations However in humans there are only three viruses which do co-irculate Besides influenza A there are also influenza B But then influenza B is it it does not cause pandemic because it is it only cause seasonal or epidemics in humans It doesn't have um a wild bird's reservoir That's why So influenza virus because you know it's a RNA virus and um it can mutate and there are two it can mutate in two ways So the one is called antigenic drift which just means that the accumulation of the genetic mutations and because of those genetic mutations the HA and NA um protein can be different and then the antibodies uh would not recognize the new mutated viruses and that is called antigenic drift And then the second one is called antigenic shift So the antigenic shift because as as I mentioned before the gene is eight segmented So the genetic reassortment of these genes can happen um in um in um in an intermediate host or within the aven viruses as well and they can either directly jump into the humans genotic viruses or they can reassort in in pigs which is which acts as a mixing vial between birds and humans and that because the humans are not immunologically ally um targeted by these previous viruses and it can cause pandemic So that is called antigenic sift So in um in last century there were three pandemics So the most significant one was the H1N1 which came in 1918 and it caused about 50 million deaths And the other pandemics were H2N2 and H1N1 And recently there the H1N1 which started in uh 1977 and H3N2 from 1968 And um um so these can continue once they form come from a genotic transmission they can establish themselves and then they will gain mutations and then they can continue as a seasonal viruses once they come into pandemic So there's always a risk for pandemic new pandemics So we don't know what's going to be the next one So would it be H5N1 H7N1 or the any unknown ones so H7N9 it um caused number of in human infections in 2013 in China Um but because of the um early interventions um it didn't cause pandemic So recently um there are three viruses which co-irculate in humans as seasonal viruses H1 N1 H3N2 and B viruses So for the B there are B vector two lineages of B influenza B viruses We call them Victoria or Yamagata lineages So far the burden from the season on influenza is that it um causes about 1 billion cases globally and 3 to 5 million severe infections and up to 650,000 deaths annually There is a vaccine um which uh the vaccine effectiveness can vary every year based on different factors So but then the vaccine effectiveness for H3N2 is particularly low However for H1N1 and B it's um um um it is good So what's the vaccine what's in the vaccine right So the um the recent uh way of vaccination is we match the circulating hemoglutinine which means that every year the WHO decides which vaccine strain and then the manufacturers 6 months in advance before the season flu season starts Manufacturer starts um start preparing the vaccine and the vaccine primarily is made in um chicken eggs um the virus is infected um the the eggs are infected with viruses and then the grown virus is inactivated um and the HA protein is purified from these um viruses So we call them split virion vaccines Um but then that there are problems with um the way these viruses are made in eggs because they can get these adaptation mutations which might alter the antibbody response and not and then can cause mismatch of the vaccine and the circulating viruses Um so recently there are also other uh ways of manufacturing like the cell-based or the recombinant HA Um and uh so the HA is the main component of the vaccine So this is the structure of hemoglutinine It's a trime protein Sorry Uh so hemoglutinine is a trime protein So we call this the top part called is called head and then the lower part is called stem or the stock So majority of the antibodies are against head domain However these um this is the most variable reason of hemoglutin It can gain mutations That is one reason why we need to update vaccine every year And uh there are antibodies to the stock domain which is more conserved and then they can be crossreactive between um different strains vaccine strains as well However the potency wise the head antibodies are much more potent than the stem antibodies So the vaccine um effectiveness can be improved Um so I'll go first over how these antibodies to hemoglutinine and the neurominades work So the function of the hemoglutinine is it facilitates virus binding and entry So the hemoglutinine has this uh receptor binding site So it attaches itself to the epithelials long epithelial cells and then helps get internalized inside the cells and once the virus is internalized it um rep it makes its um RNA components and the viral proteins by hijacking the host system and then they for they b out on the surface where the neuromminidase comes into play So the neuromminidase is essential for release of the viruses because they can cleave off these uh receptors uh which we call scaleic acid receptors So HA as I mentioned is the key antigen for vaccines for seasonal seasonal as well as pandemic uh vaccines So but for NA it is only present in unregulated and non-standardized form and it's the immunity is not on uh explored much in humans So the HA is highly variable that's why we need the regular vaccine update whereas NA it has a lower antigenic drift than hemoglutinine So that's the the protein that um I'm studying neuromidase So I will present the research in two parts So I'll first explain the antibodies that we isolated against neuromides and then the second part will be on the vaccine development So just to um take you through the literature on neuromnites immunity there is um there is incredible literature on how the NA antibodies can be protective Um so in 1988 paper the first um um Webster at all showed that um the new ramen days antibodies can protect against lethal influenza and in 1995 there was a purified neurominic vaccine was given to humans to show that it is immunogenic and non-toxic in humans and then following up literature it also showed that the neuromminades antibodies can actually crossrotect And this was in animal studies Um and then the recent studies from 2015 and 16 showed that anti-NA antibodies are independent correlate of protection in humans which means that they are independent of HA antibodies They themselves can protect against in um virus severity and infections Um so the the recent study most and the most prominent one is the correlate with protection in human challenge studies So um in these humans um antibodies were measured to NA and then the um they were in the humans were infected with the viruses um and the virus titers the no in the no in the nose and lungs were measured and along with other symptoms and the anti-NA antibodies correlated very well with the um um uh prevention of viruses uh virus titers and as well as the symptom severity So the monoconal antibodies to neuromides So we isolated human monoconal antibodies using um a single B cell cloning technique which was developed um around 2009200 Um so how it works is that once the person gets immunized or infection then you have uh within a week you have these um B cells called plasma blast B cells which um express antibodies at very high level and we isolate the PBMC and plasma from these humans We um with the fax analysis we sort for these um single B cells in a 96 well plate and then do the PCR of the heavy chain the variable region of the heavy chain and the light chain of the antibbody We sequence them and then we clone them in the expression vectors and then we co-express them in cell lines to make to express the antibodies and then which we validate um using eliza and other virus neutralization essays Um so using this technology we isolated from these four donors we isolated eight antibodies to braid days So this work was done in collaboration with um Arthur professor Arthur Huang in Taiwan Um so some of the donors you will see actually were uh infected with H7N9 um in 20134 and one donor here is um got received the um trivalent influenza vaccine So once we have the antibodies isolated then we do various test to assess their function and binding ability and then whether they can protect against the virus So um one of the essay for the NA activ NA is specifically the inhibition of the NA activity because I haven't gone through the NA8 but NA is an enzyme and it clips of the cyic acids So one of the test would be to see if the function is inhibited So I'm going to present the three antibodies out of this study So um this is interesting data because the antibodies to HA uh do not last um they might uh last for maybe 3 to 5 years and then the virus mutates and they are not reactive anymore However these antibodies that we isolated we tested them against um N1 neuromidase from 1918 to recent ones and we found that actually these three antibodies uh uh inhibited the NA function um for all these N1 viruses which have evolved for over 100 years However you will notice that there are some gaps some of the some of the years there the virus um neurominadase might have gained the mutation and that would abrogate the antibbody um potency or the function However overall there is a huge amount of cross reactivity but this is within subtype cross reactive but then there are new ramen for example N1 to N9 and some of the antibodies recently reported can be um crossprotective across the groups not just N within N1 but then N1 N9 or N2 for example So these antibodies inhibited the um N1 from uh that has evolved in humans However H5N1 is a pandemic thread and the H uh and wild uh birds are the main reservoirs of H5N1 virus and sometimes they transmit into humans um and they can cause deaths The case fatality rate of H5N1 is about 50% So the first human infection from H5N1 was in 1996 and since then there have been several cases um um random cases of H5N1 jumping from wild birds or other um animals intermediate host into humans So we wanted to test the uh potency of these antibodies against H5N1 neuromides So these are the so we expressed the antibodies and then we did the um inhibition essays and here are the clay one two um numbers of clay that has um been until 2015 Um so here you will see that these are the name of the three antibodies So particularly this AG7C antibbody it inhibited the N1 from H5N1 um against all clates whereas you will notice that this is the SIP um serum generated against this particular um neuromides and the neuron and the SIP the polyclonal serum are not as cross reactive as the mon these monoconal antibodies So the next um uh experiment we do to test these antibodies is to uh give the antibodies to mice and then um challenge these mice with viruses to see if they can protect against infection and one of the um indicator of protection is the prevention of weight loss because once you give the viruses then mouse start losing weight So we can go up to 20% weight loss um depending on the animal license Um so here we give the antibbody first uh as a prophylactic and then we come with viruses 24 hours later and then we assist the weight until 2 weeks and um uh we use uh uh irrevalent antibbody as a or the buffer just PBS as a control as a negative control So in this particular experiment uh we used the H1N1 1934 virus and here you will um see that the antibbody this particular antibbody called AG7C whether it was given intraaronial or intrauzal it prevented these mice from weight loss whereas the control um controls um um animals had to be called after losing up to 20% weight loss within day 6 to 7 So this shows that the NA antibodies are protective against viruses So based because of these um interesting antibodies our interest got into developing vaccines um using neuromides proteins So and also because of the H5N1 which was causing human infections So there is a huge discussion on whether H5N1 will be a next pandemic because I briefly mentioned about H5N1 insurgence in humans However recently um in in the US um there were a huge amount of cattle where cows which were infected with H5N1 viruses and um there was reduced milk supply The virus was isolated from milk and waste water and also there was a direct transmission from animals to humans um um of these viruses However there is no human to human transmission because there are host factors and other factors which stop the in uh um genotic transmission it However these H5N1 viruses has also been isolated from lots of other animals for example um uh wild wild birds as well as poultry uh chickens and also uh marine mammals and land mammals Um so um there is a risk for um if the human to human transmission can happen then that is a main risk for pandemic causing pandemic So we we uh selected one of the strain from the H5N1 So the strain we selected was from the recent clip to it's called 2 3 44B which was causing uh recent infections H1 infections Um and uh majority of human infections are caused by by this virus within this cate And this is also the virus which have been spreading widely in um birds and mammals And also it was found from mink farms in Spain um and caused a huge amount of deaths in of the minks and also dairy farm cattle and domestic cats in the US So this is how the new ramen days looks So neuromminidase is a mushroom shaped protein and it has four identical subunits tetramers and it is on the surface by stock and this is called head domain and there is a cytoplasmic tail entrance membrane domain So the neurominated head will have these beta sheets which form the the scaffold of the protein and then the loops which comes on the top and the uh neurominic has this um it's it forms like a cavity which where the pyic acid receptor binds and that's the substrate um by which the NA enzyme acts upon and uh in terms of therapeutics drugs there are neuromides inhibiting drugs such as tamiflu or assultamavir and janamir and um that's also how these drugs work However in terms of drugs they are only um um efficient if they are given um within the very short window of treat window of treatment They have to be given early after symptoms onset otherwise they do not work very well So this is our vaccine development workflow So how we we do not want to go through the um the egg viruses route So we wanted to do the re combinant protein production So for that we designed a plasmid which contains the gene of uh gene for expression So the construct um has a signal sequence and then we put the other purification in other tags for the purification of the protein and then we replace the stock domain of the neuromides with tetramearization domain and um uh this has the and then comes the new ramen days only the head domain at the c terminus domain and we uh do the transient transfaction of the XP2 or XP293 cells uh which are known for uh high y ill and also humanlike glyosillation and post uh translational modifications So we purify the protein and then we do a variety of test to find out the purity and stability of the protein and also if it it has retained the good confirmation because the 3D shape or the structure of the protein is very important to make good antibodies Further we um instead of giving the free protein we multimemorize them on the virus like particles because then you have num like 60 NA molecules on the virus like particles and that will be more immunogenic and we test this vaccine in in mice Um the vaccine um it's tested as a prime boost and we give it intramuscular uh with the edguvent and then 3 weeks after boost we do the challenge and again similar as we test the antibodies we do the virus challenge and then look for the um weight loss and clinical signs So here I will show you an example of the H5N1 neurominid days Here we called it MSN1 and then the H1N1 2009 um neuromminid days and as controls we do have any antibbody given here at this point as a positive control for protection and then the negative will be non flu protein So the functional essay for testing the antibodies is the um whether the NA activity So this is the uh protein with sugars and pylic acids on the 96 well plate and the new ramen days will cleave off the cyic acids this top on the top um and the if there are anti-NA antibodies they will prevent this cleavage and that's what we measure the activity of the NA and the inhibiting antibodies means that there will be no or low activity of the neuromomanase So in this essay here you can see that um the um further control which is Ebola uh protein here and there is 100% activity However with these um specific serum NA and NAVLP they give a good amount of antibodies which can inhibit the neuromidase activity and antibbody uh antibbody to neuromides 1G1 is a control over here and then in terms of protection um so because this sa also inhibited the H1N1 from 1934 as well as 2009 viruses So we did the challenge with this 2009 virus and here you will see um as shown for the antibbody the N109 which is a matched neurominic days it's sed protection with some weight loss because it gives you partial protection because the new ramid days is not sterilizing immunity and then the MSN1 vaccine uh from the clay 2344B it also um prevented um uh from mice from um gaining the 20 up to 20% weight loss So we also did prime with one and the boost with another and then that also protected whereas the control didn't So that shows that the NA anti-NA antibodies can be protective also in the polyclonal sa However the main challenge of the uh vaccine production with the neurominidase is the yield because in re combinant expression the yield is really low only the maximum up to 30 meg per liter So we expressed um various number of proteins in our system and we found that actually this protein 2009 expressed very low However this protein expressed really well Although there are not many mutations within these two they do match sequence wise So we're thinking of how to improve the yield and stability of the protein So for that we have to go through the NA protein um anatomy So this is a tetramer and then as I mentioned the NA has a scaffold and the loops and then these loops are the main part where the antibodies bind to So here I'm showing a monomer and um yeah as I mentioned these are the antibbody uh binding surface and then this is just forms the scaffold of the protein which retains the stability So we thought of um transferring these loops from the low expressing neuromidates to the scaffold of the high expressing NA and we made this NA hybrid molecules Here I'm only showing a monomer but then it will express as a tetrammer So I'm not going into the detail It's recently published in E life with peer reviews Um but then I'll just give you a brief overview of this um uh research here So we found that B by making these hybrid proteins um the uh yield was increased by five to 20fold higher and then the proteins we obtained were less prone to degradation and aggregation So they had high thermal stability and also we tested against various antibodies and we found that they were in the shape that we want them to be So the all the confirmational epitopes were maintained and uh the structure we have the structure of this protein crystal structures of this protein and then they retained the native structure Um and then further we tested these um uh hybrid molecules in mouse vaccination and then they match the immuno uh um immune response antibbody response with the wild type NA and then further we saw that these hybrid molecules provided loop specific protection So the antibodies which contributed to protection were against the loop um please go to this paper if you would like to go into details but uh because of the time constraints um I'll keep it to the summary only So um now in the finals almost the final slide So to summarize um antibbody based immunity to neurominidase is much broader compared to hemoglutin and um the H5N1 NA protein um is a good vaccine target for eliciting protective antibodies and if it could be used combined with HA then the vaccine effectiveness may go higher and then some seasonal neuromides do not express well and we have methods to enhance the yield by transferring loops to Aven framework And going forward um we want to explore the scope of recominant HA plus NA vaccines for seasonal and pandemic Um and also we are also working on the feasibility of these loop grafting methods and other NA subtypes in the paper we only did for N1 So with that um I finished my talk but I would like to acknowledge all the people who um contributed to this study So the key person was Alan Thansson who was my previous supervisor and I worked closely with him and Lean was a PhD student uh who did some of the experiments and Eta is a current posttock in the lab and there are other people who helped within the lab Jack Lisa Dina and Arthur Huang is a professor at the and group leader at the National University of Taiwan who had been isolating antibodies and we have this long-term collaboration with them and u there is a structural biology group in Oxford who did the structures of these proteins uh Thomas Bowen Davis and Guido um and then um the there is a WH influenza center at the Francis Greek Institute and John McCauley and Rod Daniels also and thank you everyone Mark Tao and Yanu um and everyone and the funders um so yeah thank you very much for listening to my talk so I'm happy to take um questions now okay thank you very much Dr Pila for UASI give a plus for Dr Braila Okay Now we will continue in a Q&A uh session I just I'm sorry I just uh open one questioner Okay Of course Please Dr Yam Yeah Hello Dr Braila It's been a while Yeah Nice to meet you Yeah Nice to meet you too Okay Um Yeah Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us and uh maybe uh uh during your introduction you uh in your slide uh you show us the antigenic drift and antigenic shift of the the the virus and you say that the antigenic shift it's only it's happen in the in the factor or or in the laser foil is is it not happen in a human when is it uh infected human I mean the the virus not going to have the antigenic seat and my second question is like the vaccine effectiveness you show us in the beginning there are three types of vaccines the highest one it's only 61% I believe uh is there is it uh I mean this this value is not until like 80 or 90% is it because of the antigenic defensive is that uh is that the case And yeah the third one is when you told us the method of the cell lines for expression Um yeah uh because me in here we have a dingy lab We actually we have a hard project uh which is uh producing antibodies using spy as the as the cells to uh to combine the the B cell to produce the antibbody uh maybe you have uh some tips which sell uh for the best expression for the antibodies Thank you very much Yeah thank you These are very all good well very good questions So I'll um go through the first one Um so the first one was um whether the antigenic sift happens in humans do they always need reservoirs right So um most of the cases I should read the literature thoroughly as well but um based on my knowledge um so the H1N1 which came in 2009 was u mixed um the pig act as a um mixing vessel However you always do not need antigen for mixing vessel reservoirs for uh antigenic sift they they might be able to adapt in humans as well However the chances are quite rare because of all the host restriction factors and uh the preference for the binding of the cylic acids in humans is very different uh from chicken eggs Um yeah so the the best chances is actually reassert um for the viruses to it's a chance mutation Um so the second question I'll go through the third because I have to remember the second one there was a so for the expression so we use the CHO cells and um 293 cells so these are mamalian cells so we specifically use XP cho so these are propriaratory cells from thermopisher which give very high ill because the um these are uh uh these these cells were selected for high expression of the protein and then they are high density cells which can grow at like 40 million per ml culture once they are at the peak um and make a good amount of protein So also for antibodies we have been using these cells and they give us very good antibodies But um in terms of expression there are now lots of methods actually like the improved transfaction reagents improved media which can um make difference in the expression of the proteins Um sir could you repeat the second question again just briefly uh the sec uh the second question is about the vaccines uh vaccine effectiveness That's right Yeah Yes Got it So the vaccine you're right because the vaccine effectiveness of the COVID vaccine is around 95% for the mRNA and others So comparatively to that the vaccine effectiveness for flu we call it suboptimal So this is average taken from number of years So and then it can vary um based on the seasons and various factors as well Uh so uh the main the reason why the vaccine effectiveness low is also because the mismatch because of the egg adaptation mutations but the MOA is now actually working on the mRNA vaccines for influenza as well Um they have done the up to phase 2 and the phase three is in progress So we might have mRNA vaccines in the market soon and that will be interesting to see if the mRNA now improves the vaccine effectiveness also of the flu vaccines Um yeah thank you Okay thank you very much Dr Braila and I hope it's not the last time we keep in touch Maybe we can keep in touch with imunology program here and maybe in the future we can have a collaboration with the Oxford University Okay Yeah that sounds great Yeah uh or maybe Prof have something to say at the end Okay thank you Okay thank you very much Thank you very much Dr Pram Yeah we hope we can collaboration with Dr Prome also Okay Dr Pila we have another question in chat box by Zoom uh from Amana Maybe I cannot read this Thank you for insightful promula Hopefully we can collaborate and discuss Uh the question is antigenic drift in influenza driven by an endogenous or exogenous pathway and how does it contribute the virus ability to evite the immune system additionally we why must influenza vaccine be updated annually and is this primary due to antigenic drip or the exogenous process of antigenic shift thank you Dr Thank you very much Um that's very good fundamental questions So the um antigenic drift in influenza is driven mainly by the how the virus mutates because the genome is RNA So unlike DNA RNA does not have the proofreading mechanism of the virus polymerase and then it makes mistakes and those mistakes are not uh corrected and that's how it gains random mutations However these random mutations can cause the change in the hemoglutinine protein structure Now for example the lysine in a one of the reason can change to asparagene or some other residues and these uh mutations can cause like the if you have been vaccinated with 2014 HA for example that had been circulating and then you made the antibodies against 2014 However when it comes to 2016 now the virus has gained the all these mutations in the HA and then the HA safe had changed and then these antibodies from 2014 will no longer recognize this 2016 virus So that is the antigenic drift and that's how the the virus can evade the host immune response That's why that is also that is the reason why we need to update the vaccines and we need the annual vaccines um to match with the um the virus evolution So we have to evolve our B cell response as well Um so I think I have answered how the how does it contribute to evade the immune system Um so I haven't talked about the other innate immunity There are lots of literature on how the virus can evade the immune system as well and I have only answered in terms of antibodies but there are um viral proteins which can actually uh modulate the host immune response as well and that's another mechanism how the virus is able to evade the immune system Um and uh yes the the reason for influenza vaccine update annually is also because of the antigenic drift and then the antibodies previously generated no longer being active to the um circulating strain So it's not because of the antigenic shift So the antigenic shift is slightly different So for example the antigenic shift as an for example to give an example So in 1957 there was H2N2 virus which jumped from animals genotic regions to humans and then it spread widely So the humans were immunologically knive against this hemoglutinine and that's that's the reason why it widely spread as a pandemic um because of the knife um population not being immunized before or not not seen the HA or NA before Um so that's the reason for the antigenic shift in the pandemic Thank you Okay Thank you for the answer Dr Pramila Reel Because of the limited time this session is end Thank you very much for our remarkable speaker Dr Pram uh Dr Pramila Give a blast once again for Dr Pramila and then for appreciate our remarkable speaker Dr Pram we will give a digital certificate and then we'll show the in the screen Uh we invite Prof for give a digital certificate please Okay Thank you Dr Pramila for your insight and very interesting presentation and topic today and we hope we can uh collaborate in the future maybe in join research or supervision Yeah Okay Thank you very much Dr Pila Yeah Thank you very much Professor Teresa and thank you for inviting me and giving this opportunity Thank you Bye Thank you very much Yeah Bye Bye Okay Thank you very much Um I think this is the end of our this session and now and now this is your time Mr Nabil All right Thank you so much Dr Fifin for moderating this session Everyone please give once again another warm round of applause for Dr Fifin for moderating this session All right Just before I announce the next agenda it is time that I give a short interven once again That is to announce the second group of people who will receive the D prizes The committee in charge please share the screen Uh-huh Process Yes So what do you guys think is the next agenda after this eating Maybe another break time Is it Is it something serious maybe It looks like everyone has serious faces here Relax a little guys It's a Saturday You know what what kind of door prize we actually have a lot of door prizes to give out In fact again uh just repeating what I said before one of the door prizes is actually a voucher that's that is given by a dental clinic uh for the treatment that the voucher is valid for it is for teeth whitening if I'm not mistaken Yes So that is one of the door prices In fact the discount is actually pretty big to be honest right prof Yes it's actually very big discount So oh here they are The people who receive the next part of their prizes goes to Septian and Ilam and Amana Is that two people or is that one person i forgot [Laughter] Congratulations to the people who have won the second batch of door prizes You may contact the committee to receive your door prize towards the end of the conference All right Now without wasting any more time it is now time for the next agenda The agenda that we all is we are all waiting for and that is the oral presentation Wow So to all the participants of the oral presentation you may now mobilize to your respected rooms based on the information that has been previously given by the committee So the oral presentation will be happening here in the main room Room one right in front of the conference room and then room two and three which is on the side of room one There will be a sign on the door that will indicate which room that is So people friends you may now prepare yourselves and mobilize yourselves to your respected rooms Those who are presenting in the main room here you may stay in your seats All right we wish you the best of luck everybody Good luck [Music] Okay If you in this room kindly move forwards so that you can be closer to the screen and so that you can be involved in the discussion Please move forward to any seat that is available to the offline participants [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] [Music] up here Heat Heat [Music] [Music] [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Right So for participants in the room we will we will now be discussing the all advantages So once again my name is Abaden and I will probably for today's uh oral presentation in the main room So those participants who are here offline who should be here uh for the offline participants are participants under the name of Dr Larita from Meswari and Miss Diwuning AI Are you already present okay For Miss Diwa Huning are you present already all right Uh for now we will just continue with the oral presentation So we will now be starting off with the oh before we actually start I would like to remind all participants that the total time will be that gives that is given is 8 minutes where you have 5 minutes to present your topic and you have a 3minut Q&A session with the judge which in this case will be professor Theia and for the presentation time we will give a tolerance of 5 seconds So if you go over 5 seconds over 5 minutes we will stop you regardless if it's a uh if you are presenting offline or via online All right so for the committee are you ready for the first uh presenter All right so we will begin with Dr Dr Larita Promise Pramiswari who will give a presentation on the topic of tissue biomarkers for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer Uh to Dr Lara Sitta you now have five minutes to present your topic and we'll begin when you say the first word Uh good afternoon professor and everyone Uh my name is Lara Peswari from uh imunology program of um Aranga University Uh today I'll be presenting my topic about uh tissue biomarkers for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancers uh in this topic uh I uh focus on how biomarkers can help us to select patients uh who will truly uh who will truly uh can uh advantage of uh immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy Nick uh for the first uh so immune checkpoints like uh CTLA4 and PDL1 uh are regulatory proteins on T cells and tumors uh the these checkpoints uh take uh take these checkpoints uh make uh tumor cells take advantage to escape for the uh immune destructions So uh the immune checkpoint inhibitors block these uh proteins and uh restore T- cell mediated uh to anti-tumor response but uh in inhibitory immun immune checkpoint inhibitory therapy only uh minority of patients uh take the advantage of uh this therapy So uh this highlight the importance uh for a predictive biomarkers uh to uh improve the respond of uh immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy For the first uh I want to discuss about the CTLA4 Next Next No Uh CTL CTLA4 is uh expressed on T- cells and uh play a key role in uh down regggulating immune response uh by blocking the CTLA4 uh uh the the therapy can activate T- cells but uh may uh cause a severe uh immune related side effects uh and then uh uh CT CDLA for expression uh in tumor infiltrating lymphocy is associated with a better outcome in advanced melanoma So uh in this therapy uh only used in advanced melanoma and uh this uh protein uh also often co-expressed with PD1 So uh that indicating a complex uh immunity of cancer environment and this uh can be suggest a potential for combination uh ICI therapy Next for PDL1 imunohistochemistry uh this uh protein can express on tumor and immune cells by binding PD1 and if with uh T- cell activity uh the tumor cells can uh the immune systems and uh most study biomarkers for anti PD1 and PDL1 therapy uh explain that the therapy He can uh uh in uh can uh uh block this so that uh that can be uh restore T- cells mediated uh for anti-tumor response and uh for the m measure the PDL1 expressions by using two scoring system for the first tumor profession score and com combined positive scores And uh many studies suggest that higher PDL1 is often linked to the better response but uh not always predictive biomarker So uh PDL1 uh is a an imperfect uh predictor but uh despite limitation PDL1 imunohistochemistry is the most accessible biomarker in clinical use Uh so this is the uh picture illustrated the how tumor cells and other cells releasing uh cytoines So this is the uh illustrated the how tumor cells can escape the immune system uh by uh by uh express CTL uh by uh uh by express4 that binds the B7 or more than CD28 in the dentic soil So it can inhibits the uh tea cells to the time is now up I apologize for that Okay We will now move on to the Q&A session that will go for 3 minutes to Professoria The time is now yours Okay Thank you Uh thank you uh Dr Laras Uh I want to ask about your uh checkpoint inhibitor Can you explain about the checkpoint inhibitors what do you mean and where the where the checkpoint will inhibited and where the checkpoint and uh the checkpoint will inhibited by CTL4 or uh maybe can you explain about this uh uh check checkpoint inhibitor is a uh group of protein uh that uh that uh uh left like uh cell tumor [Music] Checkpoint inhibitor cells Express check Checkpoint All right Thank you Professia for the Q&A session and also thank you to Dr Larasita for your oral presentation We will now move on to the next oral presentation given by Miss Dwuning Ai are you now present huh yes Okay You will be presenting on the topic of the identification of highly immunogenic antidoptops types antibodies and cytotoxic lymphocy CTL on SARS CO 2 new variants You have five minutes starting as soon as you talk Um uh okay good afternoon everyone Uh I'm uh ria Uh on this day I want to show you about uh my little project uh about preil study with entitled identification of highlyenic epitop antibodies and CTL from new sourc variants Next Uh next Ah yes Uh this uh we all know about the aen uh aen pen This is a sask 2 uh uh the this this bogen is uh cause uh covid-19 pandemic and in uh 20 2020 and saskcope 2 has a uh has a positive single strand air genome and the genome is with uh and the genome have uh encodes 29 proteins uh and the and the drug protein is is is namely in membrane nucleotid and the the main is the main structural protein is spike Next And uh yeah uh we yeah uh this is uh number of uh map uh mapping about the number of confirmed COVID 19 case report over the last 20 days uh as of 5th January 2025 And this uh the right side is the total number of COVID uh 19 case in Indonesia about uh for Janu January to 2025 And the three province with the highest report is is Jakarta is Java and West Java Next And uh the Okay Uh maybe next And yeah this is a prevalence of Troscope 2 uh variant of interest and varian uh under monitoring S1 uh as January of 2025 uh the the main of the main the most prevalent of varian is GN1 uh in in global and this is also applies in Indonesia uh from uh report from Indonesia Ministry of Health uh until uh until until um May uh 2025 24 next Now uh in Indonesia uh vaccine development is vaccine development is used synopstrogenica and mona and uh this this vaccine is is uh can can cause uh trigger trigger the emergence of new variant or mutation and further studies of further studies to uh predict predict early epitope from New source of two variant is uh needed and the objective is to to identify highly imogenic epitope for antibodies epitop antibodies and CTL Next And this method with uh I use a server of ABC prediction from predicting uh antibbody abtop and I use uh well ctl epitop I use uh E IDB uh server and and then uh I use uh server server oxygen oxygen for for uh uh for antig for for fine uh antigenicity values And next maybe next Yeah And this is recept about uh uh about the antibody epitop identification Uh I use uh iPhone uh to highest to higher uh score to to higher peptide coin with with score of ABC prediction is is uh uh I with with a rectangle with with rectangle uh uh index And this is uh result of antibod from uh GN1 uh and new new source code to varian and maybe next All right that time is now up I apologize for that It is now time for the Q&A session that will be given by the jury Uh for that that for that the time is now yours professor Okay Thank you Uh Dr Yuning Yes Okay Uh in your track in your BPD you you got the the highest imunogenicity in nuclear capsit Yes The highest Yeah the highest in nuclear caps of uh virus Yeah Sarov 2 And what's what's uh what's your opinion about this after you got this this this antigen that in in virus the highest is uh in nucleioapsid Yes morning [Music] That's why [Music] the highest The highest uh imanic epitope in anti- bodies is nucleioapsid [Music] [Music] Yeah Okay Thank you Thank you Okay Thank you for your oral presentation and thank you Prof for the Q&A discussion We will now move on to the presentation of the next participant which will be given online via a video for the participant uh whose name is Ali Zenel Abidin who will be presenting on the topic of Lauren Limeap as a promising precision therapy targeting CCR5 in metastatic triple negative breast cancer a narrative review for the committee in charge please kindly prepare the video if the v if the duration of the video is more than 5 minutes kindly cut the video at 5 minutes 5 seconds Good morning ladies and gentlemen the judges and committee of our imology day foraga eology international conference My name is Alisa Abidin and I'm honored to stand my team to present our review with the title the potency of nom as a precision therapy in tragenic CCR5 for metastatic triple negative breast cancer and PNBC is the most repressive breast cancer subtypes characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor progress receptor and her two expression higher trans ratesis and corrosis compared to other subtypes the case is about 15 to 25% of all risk cancer cases is worldwide Metastasic TDC or MTBC present a major clinical challenge due to the lack of targeted receptors hormonal and targeted therapies are ineffective and limited in TMS Moreover chemotherapy remains the main stay of systemic treatment but often result in shortlive responses and drug resistance So the larger need for novel effective therapies has led to increased interest in precision medicine approaches CCR5 is a G- protein cobalt receptor that plays a crucial role in regulating immune cell migration and inflammatory responses CCR5 normally helps their immune cells to sight of infection or injury by guiding their movement a process called chemotaxis However in cancer especially TDC CCR5 is often overexpression is linked to more aggressive tumor behavior and worse patient cause CCR5 signing also actives enzymes like matrix metal proteinaster which break down the exoscular matrix and promotes metastasis In TNBC the CCL5 CCR5 play a key role in metastasis CCR5 responds to CCL5 cyanol in the tumor micro environments promoting cancer cell migration infection and amogenesis This chemical receptor interaction helps guide tumor cells to distant organ like the lungs liver and bones leading to poor clinical outcomes Therefore CCR5 is considered a promising target for therapy in MTN Lim is a humanized monoconal antibbody that target CCR5 by blocking CCR5 CCL5 interaction It disrupts pathways that thrive tumor cell migration and infections In preclinical and early clinical studies lolop has shown potential to reduce metastasis and enhance immune response especially in CCR5 positive mpmc Ongoing trials including combinations with caroblatin support its role as a promising procision therapy for patients with limited option Based on study result by JLo 2021 showed that Limap significantly reduce CCL5 induced calcium influx compared to controls showing it effectively block CCR5 signally thereby suppressing gas migration and CC Moreover this study was also conducted in FIFO using model mouse In a mouse model lol significantly reduce breast cancer metastasis to the lungs as shown by lower bioluminesence signals and we suggest that letter effectively block CCR5 CCL5 supporting its potential precision therapy for MTMPC letter remark over a several key advantage It target CCR5 specifically a K driver of metastasis in the NBC with minimal of target effects and low toxicity profiles It shows strong synergy with carbopin effectively in hybrid metastasis and help overcome therapy resistance Lab also enhance anti-tumor immunity and fits well within precision medicine by torturing patients with CR5 positive to despite its promise Lim still face several challenges Some patient report side effects including fatic and more rarely blood relative toxicities Determining the right dose and identifying patient with the high severation is essential is used with other therapies was was also requires careful evolution Lastly cause unlimited accessibility behind the rest of production Moving forward non lima feature includes better patient selecting using CC by markers exploring combination within chemotherapy or imunotherapy agents and validating result through larger clinical trials Real work studies and improved drug formulation are also key to increasing access and long-term successes In conclusions ling up shows strong promise as a precision therapy for MTNBC by locking CCR5 while challenges like safety doing and access future efforts should focus on marker guide effective combination and larger community Thank you for your attention I would like be pleased to address any question or engage in future discussion All right Thank you for the oral presentation to Mr Ali Are you in the zoom and can you hear us mr Ali can you hear us yes you can hear us All right It is now time for the Q&A session for three minutes which will be conducted by the judge to Professor Teresi The time is yours Thank you uh Mr Ali Yeah I interest with your research Yeah CCR5 is a chemocin or recruitment the pro-inflammatory cells to to the site of inflammation and uh what's the related with the cancer especially with the metastasis Thank you for okay thank you for the questions Uh CCR5 is a chemocine receptor that plays a critical role in cancer cells uh including in invasion migration and metastasis particularly inressive subtypes like TNBC It is frequently um overexpressed in TNBC cells and facilitates the recruitment of imunosuppressive cells such as T-Rex and MDSGS um that um can promoting a tumor permissive micro environment targeting CCR5 if it disrupts the CCL5 CCR5 tag axis that drives metastasic spread Okay thank you Yeah thank you All right thank you Mr Ali for your presentation and professor for your question We will now move on to the next video presentation which will be given by I'm sorry for that which will be given by Bernani Victor on the topic of the potenti of P95 HR23CB as a promising new therapy for advanced HER2 plus breast cancer a narrative review for the committee in charge Please play the video Good morning ladies and gentlemen all of the judges and the committee of the fourth Alanga imunology international conference My name is Venas Victoria and I am pleased to present my team's topic of the potency of P95 hero TCB as a promising new therapy for advanced heru positive breast cancer A negative review her positive breast cancer is characterized by aggressive proliferation and poor prognosis which accounts for 15 to 20% of all breast cancer cases Her two protein drives to morgenesis and cancer progester via intracellular signaling pathways activation such as PI3K AKT and MAPK There are several therapies applied to heart to positive breast cancers of which stratosumap and pertto resulted in improved clinical outcomes However at advanced heart to positive breast cancer remains a challenge due to its resistance Two of the resistance mechanisms involve alteration in the pathway of EI3K AKT mtor and the presence of P95 H2 P95 Her2 is a translated form of Her2 receptor that is constitutively active Therefore serves as a promising and novel precision imunotherapy target for advanced heart positive breast cancers Currently developing imunotherapy is T- cell bisepecific antibodies which could simultaneously bind to T- cells and P95 her 2 redirecting the T- cells to specifically destroy cancer cells which overex expression of P95 her 2 in vitro and inv4 studies which have been done showed a promising result confirming the efficacy of P952 TCB which has a potent anti-tumor effect this existing preclinical data pushed for two non-phase one clinical trials Previous preclinical data by AP Biocyanosis showed that their P95 hertocb resulted in no adverse side effects in monkeys at the highest dose with the health of 108 hours in the dosage of 25 to 100 mg per kilogram body weight In addition preclinical data of techntomy showed evident tumor regression with no observed toxicity To our knowledge its phase one clinical study is currently in the approval process Despite its superiority P952 TCB still possess several limitations and challenges P952 expression remains heterogenous and there are still difficulties in its detection risking in a false negative or false positive result Moreover this P952 TCP imunotherapy has no effect on cells with low her expression or even on her two negative There are many heart positive therapies either applied or in development But P952 TCB imunotherapy still take the spotlight particularly when compared to therapies utilizing trastosumap or tyrrosen kindness inhibitors Unlike thrasum which is unable to cross bloodb barrier P95 hardcb can do the opposite making it an ideal therapy for patients with breast cancer which has metastrite to the brain Moreover systemic side effects which could occur from the usage of thyosin kindness inhibitors is not yet observed in P95 TCB due to high specificity In conclusion P95CD is a promising new therapy for advanced heart positive breast cancers particularly those with overexpression of P95 Her2 And although this imunotherapy still needs further study existing preclinical data have shown its high specificity as well as its ability to cross blood brain barrier making it more preferable than the previous applied therapies Thank you and we appreciate the opportunity to further explore All right Thank you for the oral presentation to Miss Venzi Are you in the zoom if you are in the zoom can you reach out to us yes I'm here Okay Thank you for your response Okay We will now have a Q&A session for 3 minutes by professor Theesia Prof Your time is yours Okay Thank you Uh Dr Feni Okay Uh yeah Thank you for your innovation Yeah I want to ask about your hair too Um is it hair to is especially for breast cancer or uh it is possible to others and what's the function of hair too all right Thank you professor for the question I would like to answer So on this uh review article we do focusing on her two uh expressed in breast cancers either metastite or not and hatu is as a a receptor that regulates the signaling pathway u by the map or pi3k and it's is a very important receptor which is over which is commonly found overexpressed in breast cancer patients and it's a very important target if one want if one want to want to develop develop an medication against breast cancers Okay Thank you Okay Thank you professor for your uh Q&A session We will now be moving on to the next presentation given by Miss Putari Zalawi Zawalia Munari who will be giving a presentation on the topic of P16 and KI67 immuninohistochemistry essay for early detection of cervical cancer to the committee in charge You may share can you please share the video thank you Alamu allayikum Thank you for the opportunity to present my study today My name is Putisawa I will present about P16 and K67 immuninohisochemistry essay for early detection of cervical cancer As we know cervical cancer remains a major global health challenge It is the second most common cancer affecting women worldwide Its main cause is infection by the human papilloma virus or HPV Although HPV is the main cause not all HPV types lead to cancer Only certain high-risisk types such as HPV 16 and 18 have encoenic potential The P16 protein is an important biomarker found in cells infected with highrisisk HPV It is not expressed in lowrisisk HPV infections but is highly expressed in high-risisk infections To understand why P16 is overexpressed let's look at the molecular mechanism that occurs in high-risisk HPV HPV infections High-risisk HPV produces the E7 protein which directly inactivates the PRB protein normally responsible for preventing uncontrolled cell division When PRB is inactivated uh E2F remains active and cells continue dividing In response the body increases B16 production to try to stop this Unfortunately the increase in B16 cannot stop cells prolifers because PRB has already been inactivated by the virus As a result excessive P16 expressions occur in infected tissues This is why strong and diffuse P16 singerves as a surrogate marker to detect encrogenic transformation caused by higher risk HPV Additionally high-risk HPV infected cells show a more proliferative index than lowrisisk HPV K67 is a protein index that is expressed in proliferm cells Therefore the K67 proliferation index can serve as a marker for higher polifan cells that are commonly found in higher risk HPV infected cells This is why the combination of P16 and K67 provides a highly effective approach for early detection of cervical cancer Using P16 and K67 staining together gives a clearer picture of cells that have undergone encogenics changes The combination has proven to be beneficial as an early marker of cervical cancer In conclusion immunohistochemical staining of P16 and K67 can be used as a strong indicator of HPV driven encogenic transformation Applying P16 and T67 immuno staining on cervical smears will have benefits over HPVNA detection since HPVN detection detects all types of HPV infections will while P16 and K67 immunistaining only show positive result in high-risisk HPV infected cells This approach complement current screening method by not only identifying the virus but also assessing the biological response of affected cells This is particularly valuable for streng for strengthening biomarkerbased cervical cancer screening strategies Uh there are some of the uh of the reference I use in this study Thank you for your attention I hope this presentation has provided useful insights into how P16 and K16 can 67 can enhance early detection of cervical cancer All right Thank you for your presentation Uh Miss Zawia are you in the zoom uh yes I am All right Thank you We will now have a Q&A session for 3 minutes to Professor Teresa The time is now yours Thank you Uh Putri Yeah Uh as we know that GI uh 67s is a protein for divided for cells And would you explain is it GI 67 is found in the HPV infection or in cervical cancer by infect you know I mean Yes Okay Uh Okay Thank you for your uh question Uh so K67 is not produced by the HPV virus itself but it is a cellular marker that becomes highly expressed in cells undergoing abnormal proliferation due to highrisisk HPV infection When highrisis HPV infects cervical cell the viral encoproin a a6 A6 and E7 disrupt normal cell cycle control leading to uncontrolled cell division This abnoral prolifation results uh in elevated K67 expression particularly in cervical intraepal neoplasia uh in CIN2 or CIN3 and cervical cancer So uh K67 is not found in the virus itself but in the host cells affected by the encogenic effects of HPV infections Thank you Okay Thank you All right Thank you professor for the for your question We will now be moving on to the next participant for who will whose name is Augustine Wulansuchi Dharmayanti who will give a presentation on the topic of systematic literature network analysis or microbiome and focal infection for the committee in charge Please kindly share the screen Thank you Alam alaikum I'm going to present our systematic literature network analysis about oral microbium and focal infection This is the content of our presentation The oral microbium comprises over 700 distinct micro particularly bacteria which form complex bofilm essential for maintaining oral and systemic health The disturbance of oral microbial balance can lead the oral infectious disease that called dispiosis Oral disbiosis induce oral chronic inflammation associated with various systemic disease This study used SLA approach to explore more deeply the relationship between the oral microbium and focal infection by reviewing article from the scopus database over the past decade SLA is effective method to evaluate research development in this team The data was taken online using the advanced of the scopus pitch using this keyword and that published in 2016 to 2025 and original preset The data analyzed by first by first viewer and published or Paris and was conducted by Prisma annual publication have experienced a continuous increasing trend except in 2018 The trend in 2025 cannot be seen because it's still in current year the most published in three main journal uh United States Japan China Germany published this topic more than the others based on the field uh medicine is more related to this theme than the others At all 2019 had a total 68 sitation or the most sitation Biblometric analysis show for cluster you can scan the barcode uh to know the item of the cluster it topic in each cluster related with the others The main topic in cluster three or blue is oral microbium related to inflammation both in oral and systemic The figure show uh several oral microbi are still related to focal infection This indicated that uh has not been explored in this topic and become uh novelty The visualization s flora microfllora inflammation per identities and dispiosis are more discussed deeply than the others topics This is the p prime pisma chart This is the result of review You can scan the barcode Most of the studies was the obserional that discussed about the oral infection to systemic disease especially Alzheimer Interestingly four of 31 article link that oral dispiosis is related to gut dispiosis that can cause infection in several organs This table uh of mine finding you can uh scan the barcode and the mind finding found that uh or microbium not influenced by ill condition and change but the level of inflammation was higher in the sick group Both gram positive and gram negative cause a focal infection which trigger systemic inflammation and transllocated to other organ by damaging epithelial integrity The oral microbium plays a vital ro role in oral and overall of body health Ora microbium interact the two complex ways in the body cell and can influence the parate health condition especially in this condition Focal infection occur when ora microbiota spread to other part of the body and trigger an inflam trigger an inflammatory reaction uh through inflammation pathway The microbium can escape and breaken down the epithelial integrated enter to bloodstream spread and transllocate to other organ Briefly the oral microbium is potential agent that can trigger focal infection in various organ Thank you All right Thank you for your presentation to Miss Augustine You are in the zoom Okay Yes Thank you to Professor Teresia The time is now yours Okay Thank you Augustine Yeah Uh I interest with your with your opinion Yeah Thank you Yeah Microbium and how how big how big the microbium to change into the focal infection COVID and how and how and why why in uh change into the focal infection Okay thank you prof uh for the question Uh I will try to answer uh or or microbium as uh normally is floranormal uh that have uh uh that have a ability to be pathogen when the when the oral uh when the microenument oral micro envirment there is a imbalance especially in pH and acidity that produced by Oral biofilm especially in subjingifa and that inhabit inhabitant of uh anorobic uh and aerobic bacteria that influence the the environment around the subjivifa and and it will be to be a dispiosis So there is imbalance between uh between uh uh pathogen and also the floraormal and then the factor firance of uh bacteria both in both in uh positive and negative bacteria It will be uh distract the integrity of endothelial and as and epithelial and then it will make dissemination and and also make a systemic inflammation and it will be transllocate to the other organ Especially uh in this review most of uh most of uh bacteria uh in oral microbium can be found in brain and also in gut make uh uh cause uh Alzheimer disease and also uh uh disorders in guts Thank you Okay Thank you Right Thank you professor Theesia for your question We will now be moving on to the next oral presenter Before we do I would like to confirm uh Miss Khixuzu are you in the zoom Miss Ku are you there oh okay Okay You're Yes All right Just to confirm So okay We will start off with your oral presentation video that you have sent us uh for the committee in charge You can share the video now Thank you Okay perfect All right Uh you can start your presentation Uh you have 5 minutes and uh that timer will start as soon as you talk uh to Mr Kixuzu Are you there thank you Sorry I was muted and I couldn't unmute myself Can you hear me now yes we can hear you Thanks so much Uh you can start as soon as you talk Okay perfect Thank you very much So good afternoon everyone I am Karik Tuso I graduated from Yanga University in 2021 and today I'm presenting my research that aimed to characterize and compare him immune responses in my immunized with crude antigen or plasmodium bed gone rich antigen and plasmodium bed gay with all stages next So I'm currently affiliated with the center for population health at the university of global health equity kari rwanda that also imology program postgraduate school university where I graduated from next So basically currently malaria is a big global health issue that has to be deald with and especially in the lower and middle inome countries including Uanda where you reside currently and so far there is no approved vaccine for malia apart from the RTSS which is RA 21 which has been rolled out in different 19 countries in Africa However there is no effective vaccine that has been approved to date Next with that as I said there is a need to conduct studies around malaria to find if there would be a way of finding effective vaccine So this study specifically aimed to compare the IGG levels in mice immunized with crude antigen and to characterize the proteins in which those antibodies were recognized Next So basically this is how we prepared the crude antigen We had to inject fenidrain chloride to the mice prior infection with plasmodium bed gate infected blood and then we had to add um to collect blood and then we have to freeze them at negative temperature and then we had to wash blood using PBS and saponin and we also added protein inhibitors and then we sonicated three times for 5 minutes This is the procedure of preparing the antigen But for the antigen which contained all stages of plasmodium we did not inject mice with plasmo with phenitrain chloride prior to the infection Next so after getting the crude antigen we had to check the concentration of those antigen using nano drop for spectrophotometer where the plasmodium brig antigen had a concentration of 4.6 75 mg per milll and the plasmodium ring trophosate skis gtoyite antigen had this concentration of 4.95 and then this had to be amurified into the complete and incomplete friends advent prior to the immunization and then we had to titrate the antibodies using elysa and to characterize the proteins using the SDS page and western blood Next So this is how we created different groups of mice Group one that was injected with PBS A which is uh an antigen rich in skis stage and the group two which is reach which was immunized with antigen rich in all stages Next and we did the immunization of course the first immunization with antigens that were imified in complete friends advant and for the boosting um immunization after considering the interval of 5 days we were immunizing with antigen that were imified in with incorporate friends aduant next so the analysis was done using SPSS This ANOVA was considered to do the analysis and then the P values of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant Next so the results um the plasmodium antigen um rich antigen demonstrated higher antibbody titus compared to the plasmodium ring trophosis gtoyite antigen And um comparing the two groups there was a statistical significant difference in the antibbody titers observed but also the difference between the group that was immunized with PBS A and the group that was immunized with PBR TSG A and the control group there was a statistical significant difference in antibodies uh title that were uh observed So the antibody titer from the plasmodium belt reach antigen varied from yes I'm sorry the time is now up uh can you go straight to the conclusion okay perfect no problem next slide so as we were immunizing the antibbody tit were increasing next uh conclusion uh And from there we concluded that the plasmodium or burg schizontri antigen um is a promising um vaccine candidate as it had it recognized the molecular weight of uh 66 and it can be further explored for the purpose of developing a vaccine for malaria Thank you All right Thank you for your oral presentation We will now be moving on to a Q&A session for three minutes by Professor Teresa The time is now yours Okay Thank you Cece How are you i'm good How are you yeah Hey CeCe Uh I want to know about your research Yeah uh IGG it mean that you have found the IGG uh for malaria and how do you sure that this antigen uh can can to be a vaccine yeah Have ha have you done about the imogenic testas imunogenic so basically we did not test the imunogenicity of it but of course by providing by um inducing the production of polycoronal antibodies against the antigen Mhm It was an indication that it can be a potential vaccine candidate but also considering the molecular weight of that antigen that we prepared uh and the fact that it was recognized by both antibodies either antibodies against all stages and antibbody against the skis stage So considering its foreiness its molecular weight and its antigenicity and ability to induce the production of antibodies policonal antibodies of course Yeah it can be considered as one of the potential vaccine candidate considering that it's a protein and it's high molecular weight Okay Okay I see that you that you uh found that the the IGG this is uh imunogenic with antibbody Yeah Yeah Basically the protein was imunogenic that's why it induced the production of antibodies and IGG you know it has a protective function in the body So yeah as the high title of antibbody was produced it is promising However further exploration and further research should be conducted to make sure that uh the protein is in inducing the high title of antibbody Yes but again we have to explore further Okay Thank you Cece See you Bye All right Thank you professor Theesia for your question We will now be moving on to the next oral presentation that will be given by Miss Amana who will be giving a presentation on the topic of imunoglobin GN profiles in children with intellectual disabilities insights into mucosal immune responses and oral systemic health For the committee in charge please kindly share the video Thank you for the first Thank you everyone and thank you to the committee for giving me the opportunity to present today at the fourth world imunology day event My name is Amana I'm the researcher at of medical faculties teacherborn I'm so excited to share my insight on IGG and IGA profile in children with intellectual disability insight into mucosal immune respond and oral systemic health and how it's relevant to imunology area For the first slide is talk about the background on this research On this research we are focused with oral mucosa The oral mucosa initiating the inate and adaptive immune respond with the marker of this research it's IGG and IgA IGG and IGA is secreted by immune cell with the salivary glands and mucosal associated lympoid tissue or we call it mal While IgA is associated with allergic response and inflammation triggered by allergen or the parasitic infection This imunologia will be a marker for assessing mucosal immune profile and their implication for the oral systemic health For the data researched before the show that the children with the intellectual disability and the children with autism have a poor oral hygiene increasing the mucosal inflammation and opportunistic infection for this elevated the IGG level in saliva have been correlated with the pro-inflammatory cytoine and oral inflammation with a potential marker of chronic immune activation and salivary A GA level with the reflect disregulation to help her mediatic allergic respond So this result we are uh non-invasive methods such as salivary analyzis are particularly valuable for accessing immune infunction in children with intellectual intellectual disability and given the challenge associated with the infasis procedure like a blood sampling So the method on this research it's from the saliva from the respondent The respondent it's from the uh children with intellectual disability and then the control group from the SLB Buddhy Tama in Cherbon The sample were uh collected in the morning following a nighttime fasting and then the saliva sample were uh stored in sterile container and then examined using elysa procedure The ELISA procedure we have uh analyzis with the IGG So the result from the data distribution show that the most common gender in control group with uh 60% and the children with intellectual disability with a 53% and from the age criteria so the control group most common it's uh 10 uh 12 years with 41 38% and the intellectual disability with the same criteria uh the most common it's 10 12 uh years from the 44.5% And then we continue the analysis of increasing in IGG level and IGA level We are using the menwitney knee uh uh with menwit knee and then the results show the significant difference in IGG and IG levels between the control group and the children with intellectual disability So uh we continue the result The data saw the significant different in the control group in terms of IGA and IGG The data saw the significant difference in IGA and IGG level between the control group and the other group But the highest IGG level was identified with the con uh children with intellectual disability with a maximum value with mean in 46 and the highest IGA level was observed in the control group with a maximum value is 7 uh 700 for uh with a level of IG So from this discussion the so study reveal the significant different in salivary immune level between the children with intellectual disability and healthy control So from that data indicating the distinct immune profile the control the children with intellectual disability had a higher average salivary IGG the compare the control group with a maximum IGG level it's more in uh children with intellectual disability time is now up data suggesting the yes thank you uh we will now move on to the Q&A session for Miss Amana are you in the zoom yes All right Uh welcome We will now proceed to the Q&A session to Professor Thank you Yeah Thank you Miss Amala Uh your research This is your research This is your research Yes Okay Uh and um what's your opinion yeah With with with your result with with your research about the about the immune system in the uh children with intellectual disability What worth what your opinion after you the the research okay Thank you for the question professoria Uh the research uh conclusion uh I I suggest this uh research have the impact for the children with intellectual disability The impact for the marker IGG and IGA is the have a imunological marker with intellectual disability is have uh sorry uh their uh have a response can influence health outcomes that may indirectly affect the neuro development or quality of life in these children And then uh they have a contest below uh IGA I N ID might relate to children with intellectual disability considering of immune disresation inflammation and associated condition It mean that that the intellectual uh is it related with the immune system in IGG and IGA can you explain yeah Yeah uh the children with IGG and IGA Uh the children with uh uh intellectual disability have a neuroinformationation uh condition with not have a chronic uh driven by IGA may contribute the neuroinflammatory process potentially maybe worsening cognitive outcomes uh for the children with intellectual disability uh maybe the marker for IGA and IG have a clinical relevance with allergic condition and then the monitoring IG it's have uh monitoring clinical relevance with the information like okay thank you okay thank you professor Teresia all right thank you for your presentation and for the Q&A session we will now be moving on to the final presentation given by Mr Muhammad Alino Boperi who will be giving an oral presentation on the topic of applications in oral surgeries of demineralized dentine membrane and promoting osteogenesis via plasma cell differentiation an experimental study Uh to the committee in charge please kindly share the video Thank you [Music] Analyze dent membrane promotes osteogenesis via plasma defation of cardio critical size effect defect All maxial sation frequently encounter manipul abnormalities Congenital therefore cancer trauma and infection are are all example of pathological process that cause this abnormalities Critical size defect are incapable of self healing or self recognition of more than 10% of the lost bone To restore form masticator function and aesthetics the optimal nuclear construction is required Infection surgical procedure to trauma and congenital defect can or heart bone which is one of the body tissue All bone defect can be caused by surgical procedure such as tooth extraction perodontal disease trauma and infection Small bone defect can be treated by bone graft substitute materials growth factor or injection of blood derified from bone marrow Many studies are currently being conduct on the administration of stem cells for the treat of the bone defect In the case of massive bone surgery is required to res reconstruct the missing bone so that the line can function Treatment of extensive bond defect is different into osteogenic cell and contribute to the formation of osteoid A network of bond the act sites for bond deposition is created by osteoid mineral The guide bond recognition membrane must go through seven stage including cell exclusion tenting scaffolding stabilization and framework in order to achieve the best result 60 mil rats weigh 260 until 300 300 g two until 3 months old and it's good health with no disability where house in cage for 7 days to adjust to their new surrounding rats are kept in animal cage placed in isolated and locked for room with good ventilation and other lighting The material was taken from the sur city up to processed at the sur hospital network DDMM is a de developmental material that is processed directly from Freso finding team The ethical ports approved the experimental since lining Following that plasma cell were count using uh 400 magnification microscope with nine field of view The study characteristic are present in table histoological result based on graphic one The highest number of plasma cell in the bone defect was obtained on the third day in the defect treatment group implanted with BBCM membran and bonecraft While on the seventh day in the defect treatment group implant DDM membran and one craft the SPF of plasma can be seen in figure 2 The treatment group with the defect was implant with profine pericardium mebran and craft The historical finding from this study were examined to determine the impact of various membran type and bonecraft on plasma cell response in the therapy of bone defect The findings show that the highest number of plasma cell in the bond defect was observed on the third day in the group with BBCM and uh and a bonraph In contrast the group trade with DDMM and bone craft exhibit the highest number of plasma cell on the seventh day The difference in uh plasma cell count between the DDM membran and the negative spon group without membranation was significantly higher It can be concluded that the DDM membran can increase plasma cell to help fight uh so that bone repair can occur According to the findings both the BBCM membran and the GBM membran when used in con conjunction with bonecraft can uh affect plus muscle activity and perhaps improve bone healing when treating bone defect uh for the committee Can you check if there is any other part of the presentation okay Uh Mr Alino are you in the Zoom or Mr Alwino are you in the Zoom he is not in the Zoom Uh final call Mr Muhammad Alino are you in the zoom Mr Alino Mr Muhammad Ali Noazi He's not in the zoom Okay All right Uh this is to be noted that uh Mr Alino is not in the zoom So we will now finish today's presentation We thank all of the pres participants for participating in today's presentation Whether you are participating offline or online we wish you the best of results Uh Proster would you like to say some words oh that's it All right So as we wait for we we will now wait for the other participants to come back into the main room as they also finish their oral presentation We hope that you receive the best result Thank you Fore foreign foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] market [Music] professor Dr program [Music] Fore [Music] that support [Music] [Music] How to be active [Music] register Hey [Music] Dr forms hydro nano anti-inflamm Hydronic Instagram official [Music] Heat Heat [Music] What [Music] birthday [Music] Oh yeah foreign Oh yeah [Music] You see meology [Music] yep [Music] email Yeah [Music] [Music] system [Music] Yeah [Music] [Music] Foreign speech Foreign speech [Applause] Foreign [Music] speech Foreign speech Foreign speech [Music] for [Music] s professor Dr program [Music] Fore [Music] [Music] that support [Music] [Music] How to be active friend [Music] Hey [Music] [Music] [Music] Elk biotech technology is located in the beautiful and fast developing Wuhan AL is a high-tech biological company specializing in meal and molecular biology research We now own 1600 square meter laboratory having independent cell culture room and SPF animal room We have four major platforms Pathology immunology molecular biology cell biology Our research 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started overseas markets in 2018 we have reached a stable cooperation with distributors coming from more than 50 countries and five continents Our goal is to provide scientists with the most cutting edge and the cost effective research tools Our mission is to provide the best solution and the most reliable partners for researchers all over the world We will always implement the concept of environmental protection in the production process [Music] [Music] Heat Heat Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Hi friends anti-aging water antioxidant inhaler process [Music] Success Start again [Music] [Applause] Mobility [Music] [Music] Welcome to the world [Music] professor Dr program [Music] for international So now support [Music] [Music] How to be active [Music] [Music] dr forms hydro nano anti-inflamm Hydronic Instagram official [Music] Heat [Music] Heat [Music] Must be mercy [Music] Oh yeah foreign Oh yeah [Music] You see me [Music] yep [Music] Amen Amen Yeah [Music] [Music] system [Music] Yeah [Music] Fore again [Music] Fore [Music] foreign foreign [Music] [Music] [Applause] mobility visiting Receiver class [Music] [Music] say professor Dr Teresa Coordinator program [Music] All right participants So as we wait for the final results from the panel of judges to be announced we invite you all offline and online participants to come and join this quiz that we will do together Now is there a reward for those who join well technically yes If you are among the top three or top five uh if you are a winner you will definitely get the door prize So please feel free to go to quizzes.com join as a participant and input the code Oh yes there we go Or you can scan the code directly or you can go directly to quizzes.com and uh input the code 354278 We will play a quiz this quiz together What is the quiz about i have no idea In fact um this is the first time I'm looking at the quiz in fact All right So we've got eight participants already Those who are joining online can also join this quiz that has been set by the committee In fact again if you are among the top three or top five we'll see later on you will be able to get a door prize And just to remind you there are so many door prizes that we have Some of them ranging from vouchers to also uh products from our amazing sponsors We have 18 participants If I stand here can you guys see the screen okay I'll stand here then Okay we have 19 participants Is there anyone else here who would like to join in fact the committee you are also welcome to join if you want 20 participants Again those joining online can also join us in this quiz together Let's play together All right Okay 21 participants Uh should we wait longer uh two minutes Two more minutes and then we will start So anyone else okay come join this quiz You all will be able to win a prize in the end You know I just realized on this side of the room there's a lot of purple heads here I like the uniform I just realized it now by the way Anyway even the staff members of Pascarjana you guys can join the quiz as well I will in fact join the quiz but I'm pretty sure I won't be able to answer any of the questions 28 participants Looks like we've got some activity also 30 participants Wow it's getting 32 It's getting crowded Wait 10 9 8 3 participants Should we wait longer mr Technical Mr Game master one more minute Okay 32 participants Anyone else want to join come on join Those online can also join this quiz If you win and you are online participant uh we can figure out how you can get the door prize later on That's that's for later to decide But the most important thing is that you join the quiz now Okay let's start the quiz with 33 participants Game master let us start Yes Dimula it's starting One go The first question Look Oh [Music] I thought the questions will be shown on the screen Okay Wow Wow Okay We've got people already top three Some with a two strike Wow Wow Wow No working together Wow whims four times streak What is the quiz about by the way game master can you explain to us what the quiz is about the quizzes is about today's conference and about our humanology program today Ah so it's a mixed Yeah Oh and what time did you make these questions uh it's there are several question with 20 second and there's so many uh question with only 10 seconds Would you say that they are hard um not really but uh this opioation it needs the imunology knowledge so I think it will be harder for people who doesn't know about imunology Okay Wow We've got someone with eight streak already Wow Congratulations Helen It's now a race between R and Helen Magu How many questions are there 20 or 15 15 15 Not 50 right nine times streak Wow Okay You are thinking but you are losing at the same time So come on catch up You guys must be smart I mean I will join the quiz but I am still an undergrad student studying dentistry In fact Professia is actually one of my lecturers also who teaches me uh oral pathology which is an exciting course Eight time streak Okay Nine time streak but it's broken I think from the red Nine time streak Okay two people Calvin and Fareis Good job You guys are doing great R three time streak Nice Seven time streak Also it's a tight uh it's a tight race now R is in the lead with 12,000 points Who is Who is R here who is R you are you are man Okay Nice That's that's okay If they're not moving anymore does that mean they're finished oh okay Can you scroll down and see how many more are Let's see who's in the bottom Look Let's see who's on the bottom Uh okay That's okay guys Kristoff and Nia Orelia guys Come on guys You guys are still at zero where whoever and wherever you are Nice Okay let's move back up Let's move back up and let's see who is on the top fiveish Oh R is still holding the lead with 12,000 points and Safir is actually close by with 70 points left Is there still other people who haven't finished game master still uh the bar is indicate the progress of someone's Okay Visa come on You you can do it Let's finish this Where are you but you know what scroll back up Game master Yes Bro scroll back up bro Thanks Okay Okay So it looks like the top sevenish people haven't changed at all So who should from these people who should get the door prize the top three or top five or top seven or top 10 top 10 Uh the top six will get the reward The top six Yeah Can it be seven because seven is a much nicer number than six Oh we can talk for our treasurer Treasurer Uh our treasurer Miss Inan Miss Inan where are you six or seven people Six or seven Miss Inan Six Okay Okay Okay When the treasurer says six and it's final Okay It's final decision Okay So we've got the first six people who uh maintain the leaderboard and we see that there isn't any change So we can close the quiz So for R Safira Calvin Helen Magu Mary and Felia um perhaps the committee can take note of these people and if you are one of those people screenshot your quizzes for evidence and later on please contact the committee in order to receive the door prize at the end of the conference Reminding again we have many many interesting door prizes right uh maybe uh what they want to look at the question ah and the key answer okay so the question is just like uh for number one who's the head of IML 2D program I think this is so easy since we are all know that proter is the head of that is correct I'm curious can we see how many people got that wrong two people okay That's still okay That's still okay Okay let's move on to the next questions I think the number two is a little bit harder cuz Yeah it's a bit of history as well The answer is 1993 Really Wow And you know this is the first time I'm also learning about it and I'm a future iminology student here at Universas Ireland So let let me finish my undergrad first One step at a time Okay Number three Which of the following colors is imology purple Yes Oh no wonder you guys are wearing purple And then one of the scope of im is physiootherapy Is it correct false It's false Why is it explain to me Because it's more like a therapy uh not focusing on imunology Ah okay noted SARS CO 2 was being epidemic only Indonesia and Southeast Asia Is this a question from the conference uh not really it's based on our real life Okay The answer is false because it was being pandemic worldwide So it's not epidemic but pandemic worth worldwide Ah okay Okay Interesting Next is about allergy Of course the answer is true Name of a pirate which caused deficiency The answer is HIV based on decree or maybe this is the newest or the latest uh announcement about our imunology program today Bro so the answer is excellent Can we give a clause for immonology program today you know that's that's a no-brainer that that everyone should have chosen right yeah Did anyone choose besides oh how many people choose six Okay Maybe they didn't know about our latest news about imunology program Mindset Mindset It's all about mindset Uh the next is Sola Pasana is located in Plaza The answer is but one person got it wrong I don't know It is short answer to children Okay The next is which one of this disease is caused by virus The answer is influenza So the rest are bacteria The other is can be microbial Malaria is parasic Asarasis is about warm or touching parasite Uh number 11 Which of the following brand is not COVID 19 vaccine we got the wrong one is Uniqlo because Uniqlo is fashion brand Which one of you is the five people who choose Uniqlo i mean hey you can't argue Uniqlo is a good clothing brand for 200k The shirt is nice Number 12 Which of the following cellular components that not associated with immune system maybe this is the hardest hardest part of this quiz cuz it's two imunology and the answer is one cell Yes Uh 13 One of our moderator today is Miss Saladu Kaida SME PhD Who got that wrong and this was wrong cuz our moderator today is Miss Mrs Fifin and Mrs Au There's only two of them How can you get that wrong who got how many people got that wrong 15 It's it's okay Mindset mindset mindset And number 14 Professor Dr Sita Praosa Doctor is the director of which hospital the answer is Sutmo Hospital Yes that's a no-brainer And the last one is what is produced by B cell the answer is antibbody Wow You know I feel like 90% of these questions are imunology based questions and not from the conference You even admit it Wow You know even as a student as an undergrad student who's still studying dental medicine this is actually all very And here we have our top three people We have R Safir and Calvin But for the people who are going to receive the door prize it will be the top six people Oh yeah I should Yeah there we go The people who will receive the door prize are the top six people So please don't forget to screenshot your result on the quizzes and then contact the committee to receive the door prize Uh operator and committee are we ready to announce the results all right So before that as you know the fourth international conference of the world I imanology day 2025 has been sponsored by scienceware kyros baby and pre previously we have already shown the video and we have already invited the representatives of scienceware and cyros Now we would like to invite the representatives of biotech prima indublast and will to present their company videos and also products So to the committee in charge uh the time and place is now yours to share screen their company videos [Music] Heat Heat Heat Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Hi friends [Music] Techrima laboratory equipments and reagents [Music] is the head office which has two subdistributors The first is Pabote Prima in for East Chuffle area The second is Pitra Utama Indo for West area Pabote Prima in is located in Fuko Centennia Gajitra Garden Block Rido This company is open every day from Monday until Friday at 8:00 a.m until 5:00 p.m This company offer 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flexibility and efficiency at an affordable price point Think Spectrum Compact [Music] [Music] [Music] Heat [Music] Heat Heat Heat [Music] [Music] [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Hey [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Check All right ladies and gentlemen the results are now in It is time to announce the winners of the poster and oral presentation of the world immunology day 2025 We will be starting by announcing the top for the poster first the top six nonominations not necessarily in that order of winners All right So the top six posters again this is this is random The top six posters are from Muhammad Amin Felia Ealina Dr Septine Malu Dana Lydia Fernanda Salabil and Merdiana Aayou These are the top six poster nominations for the poster presentation Now from those six poster presentations three people have shown significant results Three people have shown co a very nice presentation by the judges And so these three people who have won the first place second place and third place of the poster presentation are for third place For third place we have Salsa Bila Putri Kinanti And for second place we have Lydia Fernanda And for first place we have Mariana Aayou All right For the top three people for Miss for Meriana Aayou Lydia Fernanda and Salsa Bilaputri please come forward We would like to invite Professor Teresia as the imunology program study coordinator We we would like to invite Dr Aayou to please come forward and present the award to our winners of the poster presentation We congratulate these un these students from the iminology mag program ofasanga for winning top three but tasks are still going to be on Did nobody see my puppy knock post there was no clappy claps on it For the poster presentation competition you guys have shown excellent resistance and you have dedicate excellent dedication in this competition You have worked hard to be able to win first second and third place So congratulations and kudos on your achievement We would like to Yes We'd like to also invite Professor Teresa to come forward and take a group picture with the winners of the poster presentation Perhaps uh for Miss Lydia you can take off your mask for the group picture if you are comfortable with it I heaven Okay Thank you You may now return to your seats Once again congratulations to the winners of the poster presentation Now after the poster presentation it is now time to announce the winners of the oral presentation We've got 10 nominations 10 nominations where we will choose three winners and also two runnerups if I'm correct Okay So the top 10 nominations of the oral presentation that I will state one by one but not necessarily in that order of winning First of all we have Paris Rea we have Veni Victoria We have Kix Suzo I am so sorry if I'm pronouncing your names wrong We have Dr Larasita we have Dr Helen we have Calvin Constatin we have Armandanda Praugo we have Ali Zal we have B we have Brilliant Margalin and we have Muhammad Aon So from these top 10 nominations the top first of all we will announce the ah here we are here are the winners of the oral presentation So congratulations to first of all uh Dr Brilliant Margalin for first place Second place we have Ali Zal Abidin For third place we have Muhammad Aun Najib And for the first runner up we have Calvin Constantine And for the second runner up we have Armandanda Draugo For the winners please come forward For this we would like to invite the program study coordinator Professor Teresia to please come and present the award to our winners For the other winners please come forward to receive the prize Once again we convey our congratulations to our winners of the oral presentation of the Arolanga World Imanology Day 2025 You have worked hard to come to this position and you do indeed deserve this winner Once again congratulations to our winners of the oral presentation All right For the top 10 nominations of the oral presentation please come forward to take a group picture in front For the top 10 nominations of the oral presentation if you are in this room please come forward to take a group picture in front So we've got Rian Margalin we have Ali Zel we have Muhammad Aon Najib we have Calvin Constantine we have Armand Vraugo we have Helen Cynthia we have Larita Prime Messari we have Venancei Victoria we have Kix Suo and we have Faris Rega Please come forward to take a group picture with the program study coordinator of the iminology course of the post-graduate school of universals We also invite Congratulations to our top 10 oral presenters of the Aranga World INology Day 2025 All right ladies and gentlemen the awards ceremony of the poster and oral presentation competition of the airlinology day 2025 marks the end of today's conference and the day 2025 And on behalf of the entire organizing committee we would like to thank you all for your enthusiastic participation in this conference and would like to apologize if throughout the conference there have been any mistakes or any mishaps that have been created that has inconvenienced you I am Nabil Ahmed Wafi hereby as your MC bids you farewell See you in the fifth international criminology day competition of 2026 See you next year everyone All right ladies and gentlemen let us take a group photo together outside in the photo booth All right to all the participants and the committee let's all stand up and take a group photo session outside as our last memory together Once again we thank you for your participation in this conference and we hope to see you next year Once again we invite all the participants and committee to come outside and take a group photo session together outside Let's take one final memory together and I hope to see you next year Heat [Music] Heat Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Heat Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] [Music] Heat [Music] [Music] Heat Heat [Music] Heat 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