AuDHD: Understanding Comorbid Autism and ADHD

Overview

• Comorbid Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are both neurodevelopmental disorders.
• Contemporary perspectives view these as different neurotypes rather than disorders.
• Neurodivergence includes strengths and challenges.
• Statistics:
  • 10% of the population has ADHD.
  • 40-70% of autistic people have ADHD.
  • 20-50% of those with ADHD are also autistic.

Connection Between Autism and ADHD

• High likelihood of comorbidity between ADHD and autism.
• Before 2013, dual diagnosis of autism and ADHD was not allowed in DSM-5.
• Common characteristics:
  • Inattention
  • Atypical movement (e.g., fidgeting, stimming)
  • Social difficulties
  • Sensory sensitivities
• Despite overlaps, research supports that they are distinct diagnoses.

Potential Complications

• Difficulties in receiving accurate diagnosis due to symptom overlap.
• Diagnostic tools often emphasize symptoms that align with either autism or ADHD, not both.
• Misdiagnosis is common.
• Testing for both disorders may be necessary for accurate diagnosis.
• Challenges in functioning due to sensory issues and executive dysfunction.
• Support services may be required.

Diagnosing AuDHD

• Diagnosed by qualified medical and mental health professionals.
• Diagnostic process:
  • Diagnostic interview
  • History and symptom assessment
  • Possible collateral interviews

Diagnosing ADHD

• Tools:
  • Conners Rating Scales
  • Tests of Sustained Attention
  • Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF)

Diagnosing Autism

• Tools:

  • Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule
  • Autism Spectrum Rating Scales
  • Monteiro Interview Guidelines for Diagnosing the Autism Spectrum

• Other assessments may include cognitive evaluations and screeners for co-occurring mental health issues.

Support for People with AuDHD

• Many require support for daily living and work due to an environment built for neurotypical brains.
• Emphasis on support rather than enforcing neurotypical behavior.
• Community-based organizations:
  • The Autistic Self-Advocacy Network
  • Neuroclastic
  • CHADD
  • ADDitude Mag

Conclusion

• Support should ensure that needs are met without the need to hide or mask traits.
• Community input is crucial for effective support strategies.

Additional Information

• Article authored by Dr. Amy Marschall, an autistic clinical psychologist with ADHD.

Note: This summary is based on an article from Verywell Mind, which emphasizes the importance of high-quality sources and fact-checking.