okay so this video is going to be an overview of your frontal parietal and occipital bone both what the bones look like and the bone markings that you're responsible for um so this is your frontal bone right here so if you were to see this laying out individually on a lab exam you should be able to recognize this as your frontal bone where does it fit into um our actual skull when our bones are fused together if you look here it's going to be this bone right here and the upper portion of your um eye cavity hold right there so this would be right about here um when we're talking about our frontal bone couple bone markings that you need to know for your frontal bone are the super orbital framan or Notch and your frontal sinuses so on the individual frontal bones that we have de articul uh articulated um you can't really see the superorbital notch very clearly however on the bone box skulls you can see the super orbital Notch so looking right here this Notch right here in the orbital socket that would be the Super orbital Notch of your frontal bone um the other thing that your lab asks you to identify are the frontal sinuses you cannot see them in either one of these models um typically anytime we ask you a sinus question it's just going to say name the sinus right here at this location if you know it's the frontal bone if you know if it's a sphenoid bone b or you know it's the ethmoid bone then you know the name of the sinus because the sinuses are named for the bone that they reside in so the frontal bone has frontal sinuses if for some reason um and it would likely be like a bonus style question if we were to ask you um they ask you to identify the frontal bone or the frontal sinus this is um your skull put together like so hold on let me put it back together okay so this is your skull the frontal sinuses lie right here behind the uh external frontal bone if we were to open these and look at the Interior right here now we can see the sinus visible right there so this would be your uh frontal sinus right here behind the frontal bone itself again you can't see that in um either of the other bone models the other bone that you have to identify is your parietal bone so this is what your prial bone looks like we have two so if we're looking at the skull your prial bone is this bone right here in this area you do not have to identify any bone markings so the last thing that you need to identify um that we're going to talk about in this lecture is the occipital bone and this is what the occipital bone looks like and it's easy to identify the occipital bone because it's going to have this giant hole or forment in it and and this giant fan is called the fan Magnum so it's a great way to identify um the occipital bone if we're looking at a complete skull or a Fus skull right here the um Fram and Magnum would be at the bottom of our tip or occipital bone so this would be back here along the suture line which we'll talk about in another lecture this is all of our exoccipital bone so what do you need to identify on the occipital bone the uh Fram and Magnum as well as let me find the stick so Fram and Magnum is the giant um hole right here we have these little protrusions coming off of the on the sides of the frame and Magnum these are called your occipital conds and then if we flip it over we can see on the internal surface just deep to our um occipital conds there's a hole and I'm sticking sticking the stick through it now this is your hypoglossal Canal so there's one on each side that's one hypoglossal canal and then if I rotate underneath the other occipital condal we have the other um Canal so again on a lab exam you can see um where the occipital bone is laying like this with the stick going through saying name this hole and you would say the hypoglossal canal so again if the individual occipital bones laying out that's the three structures you need to identify but you could also be asked to identify them on an actual spot themselves so we're looking from this Direction all we can really see um from this view is the frame and Magnum of the occipital bone let's see if we can see the hypoglossal canal uh we can so let me get a stick through it so you can see so there's our hypoglossal canal and the stick goes all the way through so if a stick's like that on a lab exam it says name this bone marking you would say the hypoglossal canal um from the other view so the skull could be laying this way asking you to name the canal or the hole or it could be the other way asking you name the hole or canal like this in whatever manner it is and you would have to say that is the hypoglossal canal and that's it for those three bones uh we'll continue on with the temporal bone and the sutures in the next uh mini lecture