Notes on Communicative Styles

Introduction

• Topic: Employing Appropriate Communicative Styles
• Focus: Use of different communication styles in various situations
• Speech styles characterized by degree of formality

Types of Communicative Styles

1. Casual

   • Description: Informal language used by friends and peers
   • Characteristics:
     • Slang, vulgarities, colloquialism
     • Informal contractions (e.g., "duno", "ghana")
     • Group language, often understood only by members of the group
   • Examples:
     • Everyday conversation with friends
     • Personal messages/emails
     • Blogs, tweets, letters to press, phone calls

2. Consultative

   • Description: Semi-formal communication
   • Characteristics:
     • Short, spontaneous sentences
     • Two-way participation, unplanned stage
   • Examples:
     • Teacher-student discussions
     • Doctor-patient interactions
     • Lawyer-client discussions
     • Group discussions

3. Formal

   • Description: Straightforward speeches for large groups
   • Characteristics:
     • Impersonal, structured language
     • Pre-planned sentences
     • Avoids slang; uses formal English
   • Examples:
     • Meetings, corporate meetings, interviews
     • Scholarly books/articles, research papers
     • Orations and announcements

4. Frozen

   • Description: Rarely changes; static language
   • Characteristics:
     • Most formal style, used in respectful settings
     • Long sentences, good grammar
   • Examples:
     • National anthem, religious rites
     • Pledge of allegiance, constitution

5. Intimate

   • Description: Conversational experiences among close relations
   • Characteristics:
     • No social boundaries, informal language
   • Examples:
     • Sharing secrets, family discussions
     • Conversations between partners

Learning Tasks

• Task 1: Choose the correct answer related to communicative styles
• Task 2: Answer questions about types and vocabulary of speech styles
• Task 3: Identify styles in pictures
• Task 4: Match speech styles to given situations

Conclusion

• Understanding different communicative styles is important for effective communication in various contexts.
• Review and practice the application of these styles in everyday conversations.