Understanding Strategy and Planning Differences

Sep 15, 2024

Lecture Notes: Strategy vs Planning

Introduction

  • Concepts Covered: Planning, Strategy, Strategic Planning
  • Main Argument: Strategy and planning are different and merging them as "strategic planning" is often misleading.

Planning

  • Definition: Set of activities a company plans to undertake.
  • Characteristics:
    • Includes activities like improving customer experience, opening new plants, launching talent programs.
    • Comfortable because it involves controllable resources and costs (e.g., building, hiring).
    • Typically lacks coherence and does not ensure company success.

Strategy

  • Definition: An integrative set of choices positioning the company on a chosen playing field to win.
  • Theory:
    • Requires coherence and actionability.
    • Specifies a competitive outcome, not controlled by the company.
    • Involves customers' decisions which are not controllable by the company.
  • Example: Southwest Airlines Strategy
    • Aimed to be a convenient substitute for Greyhound at competitive prices.
    • Choices included point-to-point flying, single aircraft type, no meals, and encouraging online bookings.
    • Resulted in lower operational costs and competitive pricing.

Differences Between Strategy and Planning

  • Control:
    • Planning: Company controls the inputs and resources.
    • Strategy: Involves desired outcomes dependent on uncontrollable customer decisions.
  • Comfort:
    • Planning is comforting due to control.
    • Strategy involves embracing uncertainty and potential outcomes.

The Pitfalls of Planning

  • Competitors may develop winning strategies while others focus on planning.
  • Example of strategic neglect: Major U.S. carriers vs Southwest Airlines.

Transitioning to Strategic Thinking

  • Challenges:
    • Strategy involves risk and cannot be completely proven in advance.
    • May cause managerial discomfort due to uncertainty.
  • Approach:
    • Recognize the inherent angst in strategy.
    • Clearly lay out the logic of the strategy.
    • Observe and adapt based on unfolding realities.
    • Avoid overcomplicating — a clear, concise strategy is beneficial.

Conclusion

  • Key Takeaway: Engaging in strategic thinking, despite its discomfort, offers the best chance for success, unlike planning which may lead to complacency and eventual failure.