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Understanding Cinder Cone Volcanoes
Feb 27, 2025
Cinder Cones: The Smallest Volcanoes
Characteristics of Cinder Cones
Small Volcano Types
: Known as cinder cones, the smallest type of volcano.
Location
: Often found on the slopes or within the craters of larger shield or stratovolcanoes.
Composition
: Composed entirely of pyroclastic debris (chunks of rock and ash).
Formation of Cinder Cones
Ejected Material
: Formed from lava ejected from the volcano that cools quickly.
Cinders
: The ejected lava that forms the cones is referred to as cinders.
Scoria
: The type of rock that forms, known as scoria (basalt with vesicular texture due to gas escape).
Central Vent
: Filled with rock fragments.
Explosive Eruptions
: Lava comes up, erupts explosively, and cools quickly to form scoria.
Pile Formation
: The scoria piles up to form small cinder cones.
Structure and Appearance
Shape
: Cinder cones have steep sides with a broad, deep, bowl-shaped crater in the center.
Lava Flow
:
Generally does not flow out of the central crater due to the loose rock structure.
Lava might seep out at the base through the main conduit, squeezing out from beneath the cinders.
Volcanic Bombs
Description
: Particles ejected from cinder cones or stratovolcanoes, often elongated due to being stretched while hot and in the air.
Composition
: Consists of both large and small particles of pyroclastic material.
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