Understanding Shock: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

• Presented by Evan, the Paramedic Coach
• Focus on understanding different types of shock
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Types of Shock

1. Cardiogenic Shock

• Causes: Heart failure like CHF, myocardial infarction (MI)
  • Heart fails as a pump due to weakness (CHF)
  • MI involves blockage in the coronary artery leading to heart muscle death
• Key Point: Heart's fault, resulting in reduced blood pressure and hypoperfusion

2. Obstructive Shock

• Definition: Something external suppresses or obstructs blood flow
• Examples:
  • Pulmonary Embolism: Blood flow blocked by plaque in pulmonary artery system
  • Tension Pneumothorax: Pressure obstructs heart blood flow due to injury
  • Cardiac Tamponade: Pressure around the heart obstructs function
• Key Point: Not the heart's fault, external obstruction causes shock

3. Distributive Shock

• Subtypes: Sepsis, Neurogenic, Anaphylaxis
• Characteristic: Abnormal vasodilation without natural compensation by epinephrine/norepinephrine
• Common Signs: Low blood pressure (e.g., 80/40)

a. Sepsis

• Cause: Bacterial infection in the bloodstream
  • Common sources: Lungs (pneumonia), UTIs

b. Anaphylaxis

• Cause: Severe allergic reaction affecting multiple body systems
  • Symptoms: Difficulty breathing, skin reactions, vomiting

c. Neurogenic

• Cause: Issues related to brain and spinal cord

4. Hypovolemic Shock

• Causes:
  • Major bleeding events (trauma, internal bleeding)
  • Severe dehydration (often overlooked)
• Key Point: Significant fluid loss leads to shock

Conclusion

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