Differences between Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Procedure-Oriented Programming (POP)

Introduction

Presenter: Neha

Channel: YouTube Technology Channel

Topic: Differences between Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Procedure-Oriented Programming (POP)

What is Programming?

• Definition: Creating a set of instructions to perform certain tasks
• Languages: Can be high-level (user-friendly) or low-level (machine-friendly)
• Classifications: Procedural, Object-Oriented, Declarative, Logical, etc.
• Focus: Procedural and Object-Oriented programming

Procedure-Oriented Programming (POP)

• Definition: Programs are a sequence of instructions executed in order
• Structure: Large programs divided into units (functions, routines, subroutines)
• Data Handling: Functions can operate on global data (security concern)
• Popularity: Popular at the start of the 20th century; replaced by OOP
• Examples: C, COBOL, Pascal, VB

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Definition: Based on the concept of objects and classes
• Components:
  • Object: Instance of a class, operations are performed on them
  • Class: Describes the structure using data members and member functions
• Data Handling: Data tied to member functions, more secure
• Features: Inheritance, Data Abstraction, Encapsulation, Polymorphism
• Examples: C++, Java, .NET, C#

Differences between POP and OOP

• Approach:
  • POP: Top-down
  • OOP: Bottom-up
• Focus:
  • POP: Procedure/task
  • OOP: Data security
• Program Division:
  • POP: Functions
  • OOP: Objects
• Access Specifiers:
  • POP: None
  • OOP: Public, Private, Protected
• Overloading:
  • POP: None
  • OOP: Functions, Constructors, Operators
• Inheritance:
  • POP: None
  • OOP: Public, Private, Protected modes
• Data Sharing:
  • POP: Global data shared by functions
  • OOP: Objects share data through member functions
• Friend Function:
  • POP: No concept
  • OOP: Classes/functions can be friends
• Virtual Function:
  • POP: No concept
  • OOP: Supports virtual functions during inheritance
• Data Hiding:
  • POP: Insecure
  • OOP: Data hidden in Public/Private/Protected modes
• Code Reusability:
  • POP: Limited
  • OOP: Achieved through inheritance
• Program Size:
  • POP: Small
  • OOP: Large
• Execution Speed:
  • POP: Faster
  • OOP: Slower
• Examples:
  • POP: C, VB, Fortran, Pascal
  • OOP: C++, Java, .NET, C#

Additional Resources

• Website: techdifferences.com (URL in the video description)

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