Six Plus or Minus Geometry Lecture by Ravi Prakash
1. Introduction
- Focus: Geometry problems, specifically involving triangles
- Recap: Previous lessons on writing triangle, Pythagorean triplets
2. Example Problems and Solutions
Problem 1: Right-Angle Triangle with Sides 15, 20, 25
- Triangle Sides: 15, 20, 25 (Reduces to a 3-4-5 triangle)
- Determine it is a right-angle triangle
- Goal: Find the sum of inradii of triangles ABD and ACD
Steps:
- Identify hypotenuse (25), making it the right-angle triangle.
- Calculate area using the formula:
Area = 1/2 × base × height = 1/2 × 15 × 20 = 150
.
- Calculate height AD using
Area = 1/2 × height × hypotenuse
: Height = 12.
- Using Pythagoras theorem:
BD = √(AB² - AD²) = √(15² - 12²) = 9
- For inradius (r1 and r2):
r1 = (semi-perimeter - hypotenuse) = 3
, r2 = (semi-perimeter - hypotenuse) = 4
- Answer: Sum of inradii = r1 + r2 = 7.
Problem 2: Distance Between Incentre of Triangles in Rectangle ABCD
Given: Rectangle ABCD with sides 9 and 12.
Goal: Find the distance between the incentres of triangles ABC and BCD.
Steps:
- Apply Pythagorean theorem: Diagonal of rectangle = 15.
- Recognize that radii of incircles of both triangles will not coincide due to the rectangular shape.
- Use distance formula decomposed into horizontal and vertical distances.
- Perpendicular and horizontal calculations indicate radii will sum appropriately.
- Answer: Distance PQ = 3√5.
Problem 3: Right-Angled Triangle with Specific Area and Perimeter
Given: Area = 80 sq units, Perimeter = 80 units
Goal: Find length of hypotenuse.
Steps:
- Use formulas
Area = R × S
and in-radius = semi-perimeter - hypotenuse
- Calculate semi-perimeter: 40.
- Solve: Hypotenuse = 38.
Problem 4: Triangle with Given Circumradius and Inradius
Given: Circumradius = 18, Inradius = 8
Goal: Find the area of the triangle.
Steps:
- Formula:
Hypotenuse = 36
- Calculate semi-perimeter: 44; perimeter: 88.
- Area calculation:
Area = R × S
= 352.
- Answer: Area = 352 sq units.
Problem 5: Triangle Side Relations
Given: Triangle sides where C > B > A, with conditions 2A + 7C = 9B, A = 12
Goal: Find length of C.
Steps:
- Recognize ABC must form a triplet (8, 15, 17), scaled appropriately.
- Use triplet recognition: 1.5 times scale.
- Answer: C (hypotenuse) = 25.5.
3. Key Concepts and Formulas
- Inradius of Right-Angle Triangle:
in-radius = semi-perimeter - hypotenuse
- Area Calculation: Using inradius and semi-perimeter
- Pythagorean Triplets: Memorizing common triplets and scaling for solutions
- Geometry Intuition: Recognizing patterns and using logical deductions
4. Conclusion
- Focused on problem-solving techniques and in-depth understanding of geometric properties.
- Highlighted practical applications of Pythagorean theorem and inradii calculations.
By Ravi Prakash, Six Plus or Minus Geometry Course