uh good evening good evening everyone this side dr abhijit and welcome to yes welcome to the session on general anatomy part one so i will be teaching the entire anatomy uh live on youtube so uh i will be starting from the basics okay so there are seven lectures of general anatomy which i have planned so Before that, I just want to know everyone like the audio and visuals are clear. Please let me know guys if the audio and visuals are clear. Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box. See this is an interactive session.
So everyone has to participate over here. Yes, Badalwankar, yes it is helpful for BMS students also. MBBS Almaty, okay.
Jai Shri Ram. Amreen, hello. Ravi Raj, good evening.
Pixel ready, yes. Okay perfect. perfect guys um yes yes uh vankar it is very much helpful for bms students as well yes christian saho yes amrin good good good osama sheikh good evening good evening so it has been so long no guys we haven't interrupted uh so yeah apparently um like here reading out your comments and i hope everything is clear as such so yes what you might have to do better you have to take out your notebooks right you have to prepare your own notebooks uh okay topic wise like general anatomy i will be discussing with you you have to write the notes along with me okay so yes sandeep shah jay sriram uh jeet yes yes bhms please please please try to uh go with the flow go with the flow yes yes sriram tripathi you can also attend the session you will understand the core basics of anatomy me today right i have seven lectures of general anatomy which i will be teaching you on a daily basis starting from today and yes lecture duration i'll go with the flow whatever you guys will try to interact with me and yeah good evening good evening good evening good evening good evening let's let's start with the session and without wasting much more time so yes the very first part that we are going to discuss over here today yes please uh comment in the chat box also so that we are no um yeah we are in touch right so yes yes yes yes sandeep i will cover please please believe me yes yes sabine raj singh it will be on a daily basis medical lover raja good evening It will be on a daily basis guys.
I'm promising you if you participate in the same way that you're participating today, I will cover everything on the YouTube itself. The topic is general anatomy part one. So firstly, we will understand the concept of anatomy guys.
Hamza will understand the concept of anatomy today. Now the very first thing guys that I want to know or I want to know from you guys, there is a term that is called as Tommy over here. In class 12th guys, 11th, 12th, no you have heard about two basic terms, right? You heard about, yes, you heard about vasectomy and you heard about tubectomy.
okay yes good evening sanjay yes so you heard about vasectomy you heard about cubic tommy what does tommy mean guys over here where the vast difference or where the fallopian tube is dash is dash can anyone comment in the chat box the vast difference in the males or the fallopian tube in the females it is okay so anyone hmm yes yes rohi very good beta it is cut it is cut the simple word christians are very good beta it is cut it is cut anatomy basically means tommy the word tommy basically means cut the word tommy means cut right vasik tommy tubic tommy amazali watching from pakistan yes thank you yes cut yes apart from that the word anna in latin means to see to see to see so the word anatomy yes the word anatomy it is basically divided into two parts anna and tommy the word anatomy it is divided into two parts that is anna and tommy right anna means to see and Tony means to cut. Yes, Niku Johan, very good. Sabine Rajsingh, very good.
Now guys, you already know, if I want to simplify this definition, it simply means cut and observe, cut and observe. You are cutting the different parts of the human body and you are observing whether it is the different anatomical organs of the human body, okay? or the simple muscles, bones, arteries, veins, everything.
So the cut and observed part, it is done on living beings or dead bodies. Guys, now, Usman, thank you. Yes, the cut, it is basically done on living beings or the dead bodies. I'm good, I'm good, Usman. How are you?
Yes. Now, you guys are going to tell me the cut is done on. hmm obviously it is a dead body right yes it is a dead body you will not cut a live human being right yes obviously it is a dead body very good yes it is a dead body guys right dead body now cutting and observation it is basically done on a dead body to study the different anatomical parts now guys this dead body in anatomy it is given special name that is called as the cadaver yes very good amrin osama mehek vicky annoyed atom nike saloni very good it is done on cadaver very very important right so the cutting and observation part it is done on a dead body and that dead body it is something called as the category yes mansoori empty is very good right yes now apart from that guys you should also remember one more definition it is also called as the dissection of human body it is also called as the dissection of the human body okay dissection simply means that we are cutting the different parts and we are studying that different part separately right so yes niku very good yes yes yes detection of the human body now apart from that guys one more definition that i want to discuss with you guys that anatomy it is the science that deals with deals with the structure yes yes that being very good that deals with the structure of the human body okay it deals with the structure of the human body but the definition is not limited to that uh this particular stuff only it deals with the structure of the human body and and remember guys anatomy is something that forms the basis that That forms the question. system yes and it forms the basis of understanding function it forms the basis of understanding function now let me let me simplify this particular term to you guys you already know in anatomy we are studying the different organs different parts of the body different bones different muscles different arteries now guys what what role it has uh like in medicine guys right in mbbs why we are studying anatomy guys now uh if you don't know the name of the bone very first thing if you don't know which artery and vein no is dealing that which particular region of the body you won't be able to study any disease guys for example if you don't know uh okay the very common thing very common thing that you all guys know from shoulder joint okay to this elbow joint right a bone is present in the arm region can anyone tell me the name of this bone okay now now the thing is from the shoulder region to the elbow region a bone is present in this arm region can anyone guess the name of that particular bone over here yes sure i i just want everyone to you to answer this yes anyone who would like to tell me yes usama sheikh very good it is the humorous phone what about what about rest guys yeah there is a boon that is present in the arm region gaurav seni very good it is the humorous phone it is the humorous phone mansoori mitya satish usama mehik we will discuss all the entire 206 bones in detail as of now just remember it is the very good vicky chow 3 very good it is the humorous phone guys everyone knows that now guys if you don't know the name of the bone and no you're watching the x-ray the best acting that you know do while you know when you are in first year and you start watching x-ray of your relatives that one's so legible yes, I am fine with that that is something you can study radiology only when you know the basic bones if you don't know you won't be able to study orthopedics that is the study related to the different disorders of the bones you won't be able to study orthopedics you won't be able to study the radiology you won't be you won't be able to study the radiology you won't be able to study the radiology now if you don't know about which arteries are supplying to the stomach through the intestine you won't be able to study all the surgical disorders over there so even surgery also requires the basic anatomy no the surgical anatomy if you don't know you won't be able to understand the disorders that are there in the medicine part right so yes it's hard khan i'm fine i'm fine yes okay anyways So that is something that you guys have to focus on.
Without anatomy, you won't be able to study any of the subjects. So it is actually dealing with something that is called as the function. It forms the basis to understand different functions of the body as well.
Physiology, all the subjects, pathology, everything just revolves around this anatomy. Now, if anatomy is not up to the mark, then yes. you will have figure problems so anyways we are starting with the basics only so that is that is a little bit about the uh definition you can say or the basic about the anatomy now the anatomy is basically divided into two parts as of you guys should know it is divided into two parts guys yes the anatomy it is divided into two parts the very first one it is called as the rational anatomy the rational anatomy and the other one it is called as the systemic anatomy zora uh good evening yes good evening beta systemic anatomy now there are two types of anatomy and i'm presuming that most of the students over here are from the foreign for the internationally trained medical graduates of India.
so yes so over there also the anatomy uh no in foreign universities no they teach anatomy like first they teach the regional anatomy then they teach the systemic anatomy or vice versa like i mean not vice versa like it's uh just a combination guys now what is what is the basic difference between the regional and the systemic one yes vicky gaurav mansuri and the as yes now regional anatomy you have to understood yes the entire okay or yes just write like this that yes the entire body is divided into entire body it is divided into parts and then each part is studied independently. Each part it is studied independently. We divide our whole body into different parts, different regions and we study one region separately. So our entire body is divided into different parts and each part is studied independently. Now, Saloni, yes, you are right.
divya okay perfect perfect beta now guys you guys are going to answer now let us let us just buy um mark all the regions of the different parts of the body we are going to mark it over here now this is the same picture over here guys yes now guys you are going to tell me you are going to tell me guys this region it is called as what this region it is called as what sure let's let's start from the basics and you guys are now going to comment over here this region it is called as what chen and then very good very good yes yes this region meanwhile you are also going to tell me what is this region called as very good nikku chauhan it is the head region very good it is the head it is the head It is the head region. Now, when I say head, Mahat, very good. Anoid atom, very good. Yes, Megha, Vicky, Saloni, Ravi Raj, Anil, very good, beta. It is the head region.
Now, when I say head region, guys, when I say head region, you guys already know I am talking about two major things over here. Yes, future medical, Mansuri, Imtiaz, Vicky, very good. Stocephalic region.
Aha, the cefalec region. Okay. Anoid atom, Gaurav, Semi, Saloni, very good. now when i when i say head region guys i am basically next one yes now guys just listen over here when i say head guys i am talking about two major things over here i'm talking about the face okay and along with the face i am talking about the skull i'm talking about the skull bones right i'm talking about the skull bones over here right all the skull bones right all the facial bones the maxilla the mandible okay all the skull bones the parietal frontal occipital everything i'm talking about that so this region it is called as the head region now below the head region yes everyone is right it is the neck region yes and it's very very good it is the neck region it is the neck region neck region neck region below the head we have the neck region now now guys you guys are going to tell me now below the neck okay let me let me just try to mark this okay this region it is called as which region guys yes you guys are going to tell me this region it is called as so i'm waiting for you people to answer this yes gaurav very good annoyed atom divine soul muhammad bilal dr ak singh vicky nico and yes yes yes christian very good very good guys future medical very good meheng sandeep positive heart solani yes yes yes rohi ravi raj manish no you guys are interacting so yes that is the thoracic region that is the thoracic region or commonly called as the thorax right the thorax now in the thorax can you guys tell me the two important organs that are present in the thorax region the two important organs just i'm testing your basics guys sambhar very good the two basic organs that are present in the thorax region mansoor i am just very good guys very good now i just want to know two basic organs present in the thoracic region the two important organs of the body we'll come to the upper limb part also yes nike very good it is the lungs and the heart guys very good mithun very good it is the lungs and the heart osama sheikh yes gaurav saloni very good nikku imamul hak chris k k anil kosh mehek very good very good very good guys rohi very good so the thorax basically comprises of we study the two major organs over here that is the our lovely heart okay and the lungs and the lungs right now below the thorax you guys already know this dome shaped structure yes this dome shaped structure that i have drawn can anyone name it as what is this which is separating the thorax and this structure it is called as the abdomen okay this structure i'm telling you that is the abdomen but which structure it is separating the thorax and the abdomen can anyone tell me yes in the asti gambrin abdomen this stone shaped structure yes very good very good that is called as the diaphragm that is called as the diaphragm that is called as the diaphragm yes tamha praesada ravi raj kk future medical very good very good guys very good so yes that is called as the diaphragm now now guys at the sides over here guys this particular part this is called as the upper limb this is called as the upper limb this is called as the upper limb right this is called as the amrin anil very good zudra sandeep yeah bilal very good that is that is called as the upper limb guys that is called as the upper limb that is called as the upper limb now now guys you guys are going to tell me now below the abdomen we have a region we have a region over here okay that is called as the pelvic region guys so i'm just yeah that is called as the pelvic region we will study the pelvic uh bones also right we will study the pelvic wounds also and everything so as of now just remember there is a region below the abdomen that is called as the pelvic region that is called as the pelvic region or the pelvis part right now beyond that guys you will see another part over here and that is something which is called as the lower limb the lower limb i will teach you the different regions of the upper limb and the lower limb but as of now just remember we have the head the neck the thorax abdomen which are separated by the dome shape structure called as the diaphragm below the abdomen we have the pelvic region and below it the lower limb and these these two extended portions of our body right that that is called as the upper limb that is called as the upper limb yes through he kk mehak very good 9th, very good.
Future, Enoid, Atom, Anil, Amrin, Hitesh, Gaurav, very good. Perfect. Perfect, guys.
Now, you guys already know that this region, it is called as the back of the body. This is called as the back of the body, right? This is called as the back of the body.
This is called as the back of the body. Yes, Vicky. Yes, Imamul. Very good. This is called as the back of the body.
Now, apart from that, guys, this region, can anyone tell me which region is this guys yes very good can anyone tell me which region is this guys the famous region you know mind blowing facts omg yeah lord we'll come to the terms Yes, Mehek, Divine Soul, very good. Sai Chaudhary, Saloni, very good. Kanupriya, very good. Yes, Hitesh, Sambhav, Naik, Krishna, Gaurav, Osama, very good, guys.
That is something that is called as the gluteal region, guys. this is the gluteal region now i have already told you in one of the exams right in one of one of the exams no um okay the neat pj exam was now getting delayed so uh the indian media has nothing to say about it i'm not blaming uh anything so that's just the source of no entertainment guys that you should know that no all the medicos were circulating one joke and that time our famous no hero and we think has done a photo shoot which went viral on the internet. So the Indian media was more focused on the gluteal region of Ranveer Singh rather than the neat PG postponement date.
So only the medicos can understand what actually the joke was at now. So so yes yes Amreen, David so that is that is no actually the advantage of being a medico that or some things we only understand and that's not uh like most of the people don't sure okay now now okay so that was that was about the regional anatomy the body is divided into different different parts upper limb lower limb thorax abdomen pelvic neck head and We are studying these different parts separately. We are studying these different parts separately.
Whereas when we come to the systemic anatomy, guys, the systemic anatomy. So you have to remember the entire system. The entire system is studied at once.
Studied at once. The entire system, it is studied at once. Now, let me let me take an example over here, guys, that you already know.
We have one system in our body that is called as the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular system. Now, when I say cardiovascular system, guys, when I say cardio. OK, you guys will tell me what is meant by the term cardio.
OK, I think that you guys already know this cardio. It is called as the heart. right now when i say vascular guys vascular means the blood vessels vascular means the blood supply the blood vessels i'm talking about over here and the blood vessels are nothing but the arteries and the veins the arteries and the veins so yes yes ravi raj singh tomer respiratory system can be also one of the system now we are studying not only the heart we are studying along uh okay we are studying the blood vessels that is the arteries and veins along with the heart so heart is not studied alone it is studied with the arteries veins all that is supplying to the heart the one which is originating from the heart okay the owns coronary circulation of the heart so everything comes in that system only so in the system everything not only the organ all the associated important vascular vessels i mean the arteries and the veins they all are started over there right So, one system, I think, I think Divine Soul, you are right, coronary artery, one system, I think one guy has told me, I have just missed out, Ravi Raj has told respiratory. Can you tell me more system guys over here?
One system, yes, it has, yes, Ravi Raj has already told. In respiratory system, I want to ask Ravi Raj, what will you study in the respiratory system? What all things you will study in the respiratory system?
only about lungs or or you might have heard about the digestive system guys right the digestive system okay now one one system that yes digestive niku okay done borov done done done divine soul wiki very good future medical nervous nervous system the neuron the neuro anatomy part of the nervous system guys the nervous system right okay we have one more system that is called integumentary system in thing in take you um okay integumentary system integumentary system can you tell me the meaning of the term integumentary can you tell me the meaning of the term integumentary yes yes circulatory one is fine one has written in endocrine yes yes we have the endocrine system as well what all organs are the glands no you will study over here the endocrine system yes in documentary basically we are going to study about yes yes yes you guys are right we are going to study about the skin and yes the skin the skin dermatology yes eye surgery future medical yes glands skin skin skin tick tick tick tick yes guys perfect perfect perfect perfect guys so i hope you got the basic ideas over here yeah you know yes now you might have also heard about the urogenital system the urogenital system i just want to know please try to know type in the chat box guys what will we study in the urogenital system what we will study in the urogenital system your skin here associated structures the appendages the nails everything the disorders right disorders but when we study the system we have to study the basic core anatomy the layers of the skin right the composition of the different layers right meanwhile you come in let's let's move on to uh okay some parts that i have to discuss over here yes First we will read the regions of upper limb. Future medical, excretory system, urinary system, kidney, urethra, Hitesh, Glory, David, Mehak, Sambhav, Gaurav, Future medical, Eunice. Very good. So right now guys put the heading. Yes KK very good.
Mehak very good. Let us just try to enumerate the different regions of the upper limb. I will be now talking about the different regions of the upper limb.
Upper limb. and i will be now focusing on the different regions of the lower lip as well the lower lip as well so so let us let us just try to draw a diagram over here yeah yes so write down the regions of the upper limb regions of the upper limb very very important area write that B because it's just coming a little bit down yes yes Niku is right Hitesh is right let's make it a diagram quickly again guys since you are studying anatomy with me I want everyone to use color pens in your notes color pens the different colors will give you the best remembrance in the exams as well so from day one make a habit of writing the notes drawing the different diagrams that i will be drawing numerous numbers of diagrams now with you people and you have to like pen down or draw simultaneously with me so so that it's way important yes glory david very good guys so you guys know already that let us let us just i will not be drawing any fancy diagram guys but i will be drawing the very basic basic valid diagram so that yes it is easier for all the other students to draw we are not going to do any fancy like simple like diagrams in anatomy just to make you remember kanupriya good now let us let us just try to draw it first yes hmm now remember guys that this above joint it is called as the shoulder joint shoulder joint and i'm starting from the joint just remember as of now we have something called as the shoulder joint above just you can see my finger over here we have the shoulder joint over here yes then over here yes we have the elbow joint the elbow joint and over here we have the wrist joint the wrist joint now from the shoulder joint guys you can you can just see over here in the picture as well that this joint it is the shoulder joint then behind like we have this elbow joint over here and over here we have something called as the wrist joint the wrist joint so we have three joints right from shoulder joint yes very very important from shoulder joint to the elbow joint this region it is called as the upper arm it is called as the upper arm or in latin it is called as the brachium in latin it is called as the brachium now when i say brachium guys all the muscles the biceps brachialis okay coraco brachialis brachialis basically all the muscles are containing this term brachialis in it so it again are defining that these muscles the biceps brachialis the triceps you already know we have the biceps and triceps the two famous muscles that you guys already know that are present in the upper arm region right so that is that is over here you have to learn from el ucho to the wrist joint this region it is called as yes the forearm the forearm and remember this forearm it is called as the nt brachium nt brachium and below the wrist joint yes everything it is the hand below the wrist joint it is the hand it is the hand below the wrist joint it is the hand right now coming on to the regions of the lower limb that is you have to know from the shoulder joint to the elbow joint it is the arm from the elbow joint to the wrist joint it is the forearm and below the wrist joint it is automatically the hand it is automatically the hand now yes very good guys very good Now coming on to the regions of the lower limb. I don't understand.
I'll write it here. Yeah. The regions of the lower limb.
Just try to draw along with me, guys. The regions of the lower limb. The regions of the lower limb. Yes. Now, guys.
i'm trying to keep it very simple guys right i i will try to keep it very simple yes okay okay okay that man has both them in latter but not not required of us right ticket so just just try to draw along with this yes just try to draw along with me right so that you don't face any problem while drawing right just try to draw along with me guys a very simple line diagrams right yes thigh leg and foot they were very good irfan yes okay now now guys see over here guys see over here there is a joint called as the hip joint I will be discussing everything in anatomy guys so please don't worry the hip joint is formed by which two bones or something something whatever comes to your mind it will be automatically solved when no the lectures will go in uh go with the flow guys no something will come later in the lecture okay you have to wait for that particular time right so yes kanu priya thik hai irfan okay love you from Pakistan thank you so much now regions of the lower limb this region it is called as okay this joint over here let us let us mark that this is called as the hip joint there is something called as the hip joint then then your favorite joint guys the favorite joint where most of your brain resides over here right that is the knee joint majority of the brains are over here that and please don't make it seriously i'm just kidding right now the knee joint the knee joint guys right the knee joint this joint it is called as the ankle joint guys this is called as the ankle joint this is called as the ankle joint now guys from from from the hip joint to the knee joint guys this region it is called as the thigh region Hi. right hi from the knee joint to the ankle joint this region it is called as leg be very clear with the terms now when i say leg guys it is from knee joint to the ankle joint right below the ankle joint everything comes under like foot foot foot now now guys why why these anatomical parts are important now whenever a patient come to you guys know whenever a patient is coming to you and he think that i'm having pain he will say in his normal language that doctor I am feeling pain here, he will touch and tell when you write in the paper complaints of pain in the right thigh left thigh left leg complaints of pain in the right forearm left forearm when you write these terms now it is automatically an indication where exactly the pain is there which anatomical region is involved in that pain or so that is that is why you guys have to be very much um clear with this basic terminology right the basic regions of the upper limb and the lower limb so i hope this is clear to each one of you guys just give me a thumbs up in the chat box start the regions of the upper limb and the lower limb it is clear to you and the different regions hmm mehg okay ishrat fayaz very good glory david rohi krishan gaurav perfect yunus okay knightly very good very good sahil very good sure now guys two things that i wanted to tell over here right that i want to tell over here now very very important now when we talk about the foot part this region this region it is called as the dorsum of the foot it is called as the dorsum of the foot this region it is called as the dorsum of the foot the dorsum of the foot and this region which we call soul which we call talwa in hindi okay this region it is called as the plantar surface of the foot the plantar surface of the foot please be very clear with the terminology guys we have the dorsum of the foot yes we have the plantar surface of the foot sashat nice to see you too okay sabrina very good ha david very good Yes, we have the dorsum of the foot. We have the plantar surface of the foot. Now, guys, again, a very basic important term that I have to discuss over here.
Okay. In anatomy, this question that you guys have to write over here, that is something very, very important. In anatomy, right and left.
is decided with respect to okay now there are only two options that i'm giving you guys over here with respect to the patient with respect to the category or with respect to your own body let me simplify it A patient comes to me, he's sitting in front of me and he's saying that doctor, I'm having pain over here. Now, as you see that, guys, as you see that, so his left will become your right. So which is correct, actually?
Yes, Sabrina, very good. It is by respect or with respect to the patient or with respect to the cadaver. with respect to the person next to you yes yes yes now now with respect to the patient if you understand this case now you guys are going to tell me which thumb is this right or left you guys are going to answer this which thumb is this right or left again yes patient is correct divine soul ishrat krishan future very good you guys are going to tell me yeah harium yes you know billima very good you guys are going to tell me this is yes kanupriya it is left left pataraya sab okay gaurav nice rohi uh huh i was just checking this guys Now I said that right and left are decided by the patient.
If the patient comes and says that there is pain in my right, then you will do the left operation. Again, headlines will be made in the news. Doctor operated the wrong part. So, you have to be very clear with the fact that this is the right thumb. And right thumb is there because in right and left anatomy, on the basis of picture, on the basis of patient, on the basis of cadaver.
Okay. So I hope this is clear to everyone. Just give me a thumbs up guys if you understood the right and left.
It has decided with respect to the patient with respect to the cadaver. Okay. Which is in front of you.
You are according to yourself Muthuswami. Okay. Annoyed atom. Very good. So I hope it is clear to you guys.
Now, before coming to that, yes, you guys are going to mark this as in homework, right? You guys are going to do this as in homework, right? You guys are going to mark all the regions over here, right?
You guys are going to mark all the regions. This is your homework, guys, right? Please mark all the regions, right?
So, meanwhile, just comment, okay. just just try to comment that which region is this yes that is i have marked with a just write it down in the chat box okay and what is what is this ninth over here which joint actually we are focusing on this ninth one apart a and b yes the a and b part first one is okay so okay right just just i'm testing you guys so just let me know in the chat box meanwhile i'll just turn out to the next topic that is the normal anatomical position the normal anatomical position yes the back of the thigh posterior part dr suckland very good thai christian very good huh posterior region baby hi i'll come to the top posterior baby's creation very good divine soul you know night meticore rohi sabrina rakhi harium gaurav very good ankle joint now now guys coming on to the normal anatomical position the normal anatomical position now guys remember that this normal anatomical position it is called as the standard anatomical position it is called as the standard anatomical position you it is called as the standard anatomical position now this um standard anatomical position it is actually the position okay it is positional reference positional reference made for anatomical nomenclature. Now let me simplify this. Let me simplify this guys.
It is a positional reference made for anatomical nomenclature. Now guys, everything whatever we study in anatomy, it is with respect to this position only which you are watching on the screen, right? This position, it is actually the position in which you study the different parts of the human body.
Even if you are working on the cadaver, you have to keep in mind this particular anatomical position right because this is the position that defines the anatomical nomenclature all the terms front back anterior posterior lateral medial everything okay all the muscles all the muscle movements the flexion extension everything which comes in anatomy it is described in this position only This is the position in which everything is described in anatomy. Okay. Now what what all we can see over here in this position what all we can see over here in this position Yes, harium, anoid atom.
Yes, everyone is right. Everyone is right, right, right So now what all we can see over here the very first thing in this position The person has to stand upright. Okay, the person is standing upright or the person has to stand upright right or the person is standing upright you can just write like this it is the person is standing upright straight okay the person is standing straight or the person is standing upright the second one guys the second one the person the case of the person the person is looking straight the eyes you can see over here right so the person it is looking straight it is yeah in the normal anatomical position yes now now you can see over here the third point which is relevant the upper limb better the upper limb the upper limb beta is not touching the sides of the body the upper limb it is not touching the sides of the body you can see it is not touching the sides of the body it is hanging in the air it is hanging in the air It is just moving freely in the air. It is just moving freely in the air.
Yes, yes. So the third point that you guys have to remember over here that the upper limb it is hanging. Upper limb is hanging.
Upper limb is hanging. And you can very well see that over here we have something called as the palms. these are the palms and you can see that the palms of this person they are facing forwards the palms of this person are facing forwards yes jura very good yes so remember guys that the palms facing forward the palms are facing forward and and lower limbs are just parallel to the toes right the lower limb it is parallel right they are just side by side right so remember that the lower limb it is parallel to the toes the lower limb it is parallel to the toes the lower limb it is parallel to the toes in this position only guys in this position only guys all the entire anatomical nomenclature is based all the terms anterior posterior medial lateral okay everything it is based on this position with risk defined with this position only in this position only i hope this normal anatomical nomenclature it is clear to each one of you and you will never forget because we are going to study everything in this particular part only right so just give me a thumbs up if this part is also clear if this part is also clear just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if the normal anatomical position is clear to you guys i'm waiting for your thumbs up so that i can move on to the last and the very very important topic for today that is the transfer section of the limb very very very very important i mean a lot number of questions have been asked in the neat pg exam the fmg exam from this particular topic so anything which is important guys i am always putting a dollar sign in my lectures dollar is very important no money dollar is very very very important so wherever i'm putting a dollar sign in my lectures please mind it it is very very important yes mehek kanupriya gaurav sahil christian younus naik sabrina rohi ishras future medical harium raviraj jura very good raki very good so yes let us let us now start with the transfer section of the limb now now guys let us first understand what is what is limb limb over here can be upper limb and lower limb as well it can be any limb right it can be upper limb or it can be lower limb as well it can be lower limb as well right we have upper limb and we have lower limb as well okay irfan very good so so we have the upper limb and the lower limb so i have taken this upper limb walla part and you guys already know that this is the shoulder joint over here behind it is the elbow joint right and over here we have the wrist joint this joint so now when i say transfers beta transfers means a cut i'm cutting this particular region like this i'm making a cut like this guys it is called as the transverse cut okay the transverse cut and after cutting it i will see what is inside this i'm from outside to inside what are the contents what what actually is the composition okay so this is a transverse cut now can anyone tell me in which region i have made this cut which anatomical region over here i have like made a cut over in which anatomical region guys now hmm which anatomical region very very important because this where i am going to tell you so many things so so so many things the brachium okay very good canopia i have like placed the cut of the brachium sabrina yes it's a transverse cut yes nine brachium the arm region or the upper arm region yes the arm region or the brachium then may very good it is the arm region now now now just try to see what okay now what you can see outside guys now you guys can very well see something which is outside and that is the largest organ of the body can you guys comment this structure which is the largest organ of the body that is the largest organ of the body this is called as this is called as yes the largest organ of the body yes very good kalupriya gaurav very good it is the skin guys anil very good it is the skin it is the skin yes it is the skin Now you already know the skin it is the largest organ of the body right the skin it is the very very important you should know that it is the largest organ of the body largest organ of the body the skin it is the largest organ of the body yes everyone is right everyone is right right here you are on baby's creation with our midlife jura very good very good the skin it is the largest organ of the body now now inside the skin guys inside the skin now you already know the skin you will study the skin uh more in what we say you will study the skin more in um like in dermatology all the layers the epidermis okay the dermis and the hypodermis okay the basic layers right the basic layers that we will study yes everyone is right harion sabrina vilal very good so you will study the skin in detail in all the parts and also the appendages when we talk about appendages i'm talking about the hairs the nails the sweat glands the sebaceous glands right so yes so yeah so yes now under the skin guys under the skin that is that is something very very important guys status you have to know This yellow colored layer, which I am drawing right now. Yes.
Can anyone tell me this yellow colored layer? Can anyone tell me this yellow colored layer, which I'm drawing? And please draw it with the yellow color only. Please follow the color coding guys.
Very, very, very important. ah very good epitome is from the sub-christ uh very good you know very good Yes, yes, it is. It is called as the superficial fascia, superficial fascia.
Now, let me let me just mark this first or let me mark it with the black color only. Yes, the superficial fascia, the superficial fascia. the superficial fascia now what is what is meant by the term fascia guys okay now let us let us just quickly turn on your page okay to uh the next page i suppose yeah just write down some terms guys that is very very important you should know these anatomical terms what is meant by the term fascia what is meant by the term fascia now guys the fascia means yes the fascia means it is a membrane like okay it is a membrane like sheets right. Sukhmani yes hi yes membrane like sheets. Very good.
Fascia is basically a membrane like sheets of okay membrane like sheets of of pythro areolar. okay it can be a fibrous tissue also it can be of areolar tissue also right so these are all the connective tissue guys these are all the connective tissue okay okay so it is the fascia is something that covers the body that covers the body so remember my guys that fascia is just like a membrane it can be composed of no fight pro areolar connective tissue that covers the body right um basically when i say it covers the body so i'm simply saying that it is present under the skin okay one location it is under the skin okay it also it also this fascia basically it surrounds muscle okay it also surrounds the muscle right okay it helps in binding it helps in binding the tissues and organs together it helps in binding the tissues and organs together so yes guys it is a membrane like composed of connective tissue the fibroalluric connective tissue that is present under the skin it is surrounding the muscle also it is helping in the connective connect organs to connect with each other or tissues to connect with each other so this is this is like uh the term the fascia right apart from that apart from that guys you have to know that this fascia is basically divided into two terms i mean two types so this fascia it is basically divided into two types or rather i can say the three types we have something called as internal fascia also but majority of the times you should remember we have superficial fascia superficial fascia and we have the deep fascia we have the deep fascia we have the deep fascia now superficial fascia and the deep fascia guys now when i say superficial fascia so it is present under the skin guys superficial means it is more superficial means more towards the outside part of the body so it is just present under the skin okay so it lies deep to the skin okay so you have to remember it lies deep to the skin or just under the skin okay it lies just under the skin okay very good i'm doing very good very good you guys are like rocking today okay and it is actually connecting now if i just want to show you guys let us suppose that this is the skin okay and over here you guys will get the superficial fascia the superficial fascia let me let me just yeah the superficial fascia and below the superficial fascia we have the deep fascia the deep fascia So this superficial fascia, it is helping to connect the skin with the deep fascia. So it is acting as a connecting point.
Okay. Now, if we just talk about the composition, guys, the composition, that is again very, very important over here. The superficial fascia, it is basically composed of, okay, loose areolar, loose areolar tissue. Okay.
The loose areolar tissue. and also the adipose connective tissue right the adipose connective tissue adipose connective tissue now when i say adipose guys you guys automatically will think of adipocytes you guys will automatically think of adipocytes now when i say yes adipocytes adipocytes are yes the fat cells guys very very important the fat cells and these fat cells are nothing but they are yellow in color right that's why i have drawn this with the yellow color so the color coding it is very very important in anatomy okay okay now now the superficial fascia again you guys have to know this that it is thick okay if we talk about the characteristics guys okay if we talk about the characteristics again very very important the characteristics this is something that i haven't discussed anywhere so if we talk about the characteristics guys so you should know that this superficial fascia it is thick okay and rich in fat it is thick and rich in fat in various types okay okay the superficial fascia it is rich in um okay fat at one of the sides that is called as the breast right okay it is also the anterior i will come to this term anterior anterior front anterior means guys front in anatomy i will come to the anatomical terms anterior basically means front okay anything which is coming in front for example our eyes nose lips so they are coming in front so anterior means front anterior abdominal wall anterior abdominal wall i will come abdomen abdomen means you can see the uh below the die from that region is called abdomen okay so yeah we have the abdominal wall and the cavity in cavity you have various various organs right so anterior abdominal wall apart from that apart from that you will also see this superficial fascia thick in the buttock regions in the butter cretins So it is thick and rich in fat in the breast, the anterior abdominal wall and the buttock region. Very, very important.
I haven't discussed it before. So you have to write these points in your notes, right? Apart from that, apart from that, guys, you also have to know that this superficial fascia, it is at some places thin and it is devoid of fat.
It is devoid of fat. it is devoid of fat now this is devoid of fat in three parts guys in three parts that is again you have to remember that is the scrotum the scrotum okay okay there is one more part that is called as the eyelids eyelids and yeah in males the penis right the penis right the scrotum eyelids and the penis are the sites where it is very thin and it does not contain much adipocytes it's like devoid of the adipocytes devoid means adipocytes so these three parts again you have to be um knowing that and again again one more point if i have to mention that it is exceptionally dense in the scalp region exceptionally it is dense in the scalp region Dents in the scalp region, guys. Very, very important.
Exceptionally dense in the scalp region. Okay, the scalp part. Apart from that, the palm of the hand. Yes, the palm of the hand.
Now, you are very well aware what structure I'm talking about. The palm of the hand, right? And one more important thing that we have just discussed, that is the sole of the foot. That is the sole of the foot.
So it is exceptionally dense in the scalp. the palm of the hand i'm talking about this particular structure and the sole of the foot the sole of the foot so that is that is about this um superficial fascia and and guys if if you want to know the functions right okay now okay you guys are going to tell me if the superficial fascia it is rich in fat it is rich in adipocyte what is the function of the superficial fascia and i'm waiting for your answers guys if this is rich in facts what what function it will perform i'm waiting yes vicky very good let's try to answer this yes it yes protection protective function but how it acts as in okay if you just want to know the functions of superficial fascia the the functions of superficial fascia yes protection to produce energy okay cold and pressure very good very good wiki okay now guys Being rich in fat guys, remember it acts as an insulator guys. It acts as an insulator.
Okay, it acts as an insulator for conservation of body temperature, right? It acts as an insulator for conservation of body temperature. Yes, protection, maintain posture, very good. For conservation of body temperature. For conservation of body temperature, right?
Now, it gives the surface people protection, um, posture. Yeah. It gives a rounded contour to the body.
Right. Okay. Now you already know that it will fill up the various spaces, the hollows.
Okay. And all the irregularities of the body. Okay.
So that is why it is giving, um, the body a rounded contour. Okay. It also, it also facilitates the movement of the skin.
Okay. also facilitates the movement of the skin and the underlying structures as well right and and and most importantly it is acting as a reservoir for fat it is acting as a reservoir for fat reservoir for fat it is acting as a reservoir for fat. Okay, so I hope it is clear to everyone.
Yes. I hope the superficial facial is clear to everyone. Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box.
Yes, just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if the superficial facial is done. Now, now as soon as you remove the skin, you remove the, you dissect the superficial facial, you remove the superficial facial, the another layer which comes into picture, it is called as the deep facial. The another layer which comes into picture let me let me draw it with blue color so that it's like yes yes kanupriya rasavi krishan naik very good what about rest guys i hope you all are understanding with you are all listening to my lecture with full concentration you are writing the notes along with me harry home kanupriya yes vicky chaudhary very good harry on zohra very good okay okay okay i'm like expecting everyone writing the notes along with me.
Now coming on to the next structure over here guys that is the deep fascia. Yes this is the deep fascia guys that is like you have to that is underlying this particular fascia that is the deep fascia over here right this is the deep fascia so just write it down over here that is the deep fascia deep fascia deep fascia very good correct very good now now when i say deep fascia guys let us let us understand something about the deep fascia now so now when i say deep fascia deep fascia deep fascia now guys remember that the deep fascia it is non-elastic very very important it is non-elastic it is tough okay now when i say tough it is very very hard guys non-elastic what is happening it is okay let me write it down otherwise it will again non-elastic stuff okay non-elastic tough not tough it is basically because of a tissue that is called as the fibrous tissue that is called as the fibrous tissue it is non-elastic tough fibrous tissue yes yes you are right uh mahabati very good kanupriya very good yes it is rich in it is rich in collagenous fibers it is rich in collagenous fibers now when i say collagen collagen basically beta is a protein right and it is giving that tough uh strength so yes the deep fascia it is non-elastic it is tough fibrous tissue rich in the collagenous fiber right so yes so yes i will be yes now if we just simply talk about the sides guys if we talk about the sides it is enclosing the muscles guys yes very good vicky very good remember it envelops the muscles right so all the muscles it envelops the muscles right they are basically covered with this deep fascia right and it envelops the muscles basically it forms the sheet and it surrounds them okay around them and and and also it encloses it encloses the neurovascular bundle very very important it encloses the neuro vascular bundle now when i say neurovascular bundle guys when i say neurovascular neuro basically means the neuron the neuron or the nerve right and vascular basically means the vessels the blood vessels the arteries and the veins so veins arteries and nerves they are enclosed by the steep fascia to provide protection again it has a very important role now of protection if it is very tough guys only then it will be able to perform the function of protection right now yes apart from that yes now can anyone tell me what is what is the function okay what is the function of the deep fascia what he get what he get what is what is the function in the deep fascia guys now guys one important function that i want to discuss that is the circulatory function guys of the deep fish it has many many functions but one important function it is the circulatory function i will just explain this i will not make you write thesis so just just you already know beta in the lower limb wall apart or in the lower parts of the body the muscles are basically enclosed by this deep fascia so as much the muscle contracts the deep fascia also okay it promotes the circulation in the deep veins okay it is actually helping in the contraction of these deep veins so that the blood can be returned to the heart you already know the veins basically take the blood to the heart now against the gravity the blood has to go up so it needs a support system and that is that is again by the deep fascia right so yes Yes, yes, okay. Sir, I will tell you about the entry. Okay. right now again it forms the sheath around various parts like femoral sheath carotid sheath so that is something you can remember okay even even guys even it is thickened around the joints this deep fissure it is thick around the joints it is thickened around the joints of the body the joints of the body now when i say it is thickened around the joints you guys should know that i am talking about yes yes it is thickened around the joints for example the wrist joint the ankle joint okay it it actually forms the transverse bands right transverse bands so uh the various joints the wrist joint the ankle joint it is thickened around them uh to form the bands uh that is called as the retinaculum guys that is called as the retinaculum right okay so that is that is something that we have to know about this okay so yeah that is that is about the deep fascia guys right okay the two important thing that i have to highlight over here this deep fascia it is absent yes very good very good guys this deep fascia it is absent let me let me just write it over here so that you don't remember i mean correct you don't forget this deep fascia it is absent in remember the face part and the anterior abdomen or simply write down abdomen now guys again again there is a reason over here yes sabrina gaurav raviraj very good again there is a reason guys why it is absent in face now guys imagine imagine if the deep fascia is present in the face region it is made up of collagen right very tough fine press tissue is there would you be able to move the muscles i mean the muscles won't um you won't be able to show your expressions you won't be able to eat something you won't be able to chew it will make your face hard like robot chitty chinti ke bhi face move kar raha tha in that case you guys have to remember that face is a place where the deep fascia is absolutely absent except for some reasons i will tell you when i will discuss the anatomy of the face right and in the abdomen also now why the deep fascia it is uh yes why the deep fascia is absent in the abdomen guys can anyone tell me why the deep fascia it is absent in the abdomen better if no if you are eating the food uh the food goes into the stomach or the intestine the intestine stomach needs to expand okay expansion of the organs required space if there is a deep fascia guys there will be no expansion of this the internal organs the visceral organs and again collapse boom bomb so If it was deep fascia, everyone would have six packs.
You know, everyone's body would be filled. Obesity doesn't happen to anyone. Obesity happens because the deep fascia is not there. And it is just because the abdominal organs need to expand. Expansion of the organs, the visceral organs, right?
So, yes, yes, yes. So, that is something that you guys have to take away from here. Apart from that, apart from that, now in the middle, in the middle, guys, you already know.
Which bone we have in the brachium region? You guys are going to tell me the name of the bone that is present in the brachium region. Yes. You guys are going to tell me the name.
8-pack possible. I told you that in the class. Tell me.
Which bone is present here? now there is a bone that is present in the arm region we have already discussed this natural that is the humerus very good very good guys very good osama nike amrin christian fessle jura sahil vicky very good very good we have the humorous moon in in the middle in the middle of the arm region right very good apart from that apart from that you guys already know that this bone okay it is like let me let me just draw in such a way that you guys remember over here that it is covered it is surrounded by the muscles it is surrounded by the muscles and these muscles are nothing but the skeletal muscles right these muscles are nothing but the skeletal muscles skeletal muscles now skeletal muscles are both muscles which help in the attachment of the bone okay the muscles which are attached to the bone there they could normally call a skeleton it is attached the muscles which are attached to the skeleton the skeletal muscles the skeletal muscles right the skeletal muscles right now apart from that apart from that guys you have to know the five layers now we have the skin the superficial fascia the deep fascia the skeletal muscles and the bone from outside to inside the major five points that you have to remember yes we have the skin, the superficial fascia, the deep fascia, the skeletal muscles and the fifth one it is the bone. The fifth one it is the bone. Now guys over here just try to remember one thing that in between the muscle there is a space that is present in between the muscle guys and i'm just trying to highlight this particular area right now this area guys which I'm highlighting right now.
This space is there. Now this space it is called as or let me write it like this. This is called as the intermuscular space, intermuscular space inter muscular space inter muscular space yes very good guys very good the inter muscular space now guys what what is meant by the term inter guys now when now let us suppose that this is cell one and this is cell two this is cell two whenever i am talking about the space in between the cells it is called intercellular inter cellular inter cellular simply means in between in between the cells inter cellular okay inter cellular yes then may very good yes yes then may very good inter cellular huh now now if i am talking about only one cell and i'm talking about the space present in that cell that is called as intracellular that is called as intra cellular.
So, this space I am talking about in between the muscles, in between the muscles. That is why it is called as the intermuscular space. Now, this intermuscular space, this space basically carries three things better.
That is the veins, the veins, the arteries. the veins the arteries and the nerves the veins arteries and the nerves so yes the content of this intermuscular space very very important the content yes yes very good mansoor yes very good amreen very good kanupia very good the content guys over here that you have to like remember the content it is the neurovascular bundle the neuro vascular bundle the neurovascular bundle it is van vein artery and nerve vein artery and nerve right content means what is present inside the what is running inside the space it is nothing but the vein arteries are the nerves the vein arteries and the nerves right right for a very good very good guys very good the veins arteries and the nerves now apart from that apart from that guys you also have to remember one more important thing that this intermuscular space this intermuscular space it is surrounded by okay it is actually like a space a hollow space okay and you already know that any space will have its boundaries for example if we are talking about the simple your room right the the hostel room where you are sitting right you are surrounded by the walls so basically okay we have the walls we have the roof and we have the floor similarly this intermuscular space remember the inter muscular space will also have the roof the floor and the contents and the contents yes bit of veins are more superficial as compared to the arteries can prea and arteries are deep seated right better vessel good now content you already know guys content basically means whatever is inside like you are sitting inside the room you are itself a content of the room okay what is inside the room what is inside the space it is the neurovascular bundle the neuro vascular bundle that you already have like you understood i suppose the vein arteries and the nerves right Apart from that, apart from that, guys, you have to remember the roof. See, the roof, the own roof of your room. What is the work of the roof?
To give protection. The roof of this, son, the roof of this, this is actually the roof. This is the roof part. I'm not getting exact.
Let me do it from the toilet. What is the whole of this? That is the roof, guys. Roof. the roof is basically composed of yes the deep fascia the superficial fascia and the skin the superficial fascia and the skin yes and the skin the deep fascia the superficial fascia and the skin that is that is again you guys have to remember okay the roof over here obviously better put the corner barbara cheesy caskins skin is giving protection to the underlying arteries nerves and veins right everything inside it so the skin will roof me anger to this protection guy right right yes the floor the floor guys the innermost structures over here you guys can see it is composed of the muscles and the bones right it is composed of the muscles and the bones the floor the floor wall apart the muscles and the bones the floor it is basically composed of the muscles and bones right the innermost structures the muscles and the bones right yes yes yes everyone is right everyone is right now apart from that apart from that guys you guys also have to remember that the intermuscular space it is divided into two parts okay the one which comes in front it is called as the anterior part the anterior compartment and the one which is behind it is called as the posterior compartment it is called as the posterior compartment.
Anterior means the one which comes in front. See, there will be one front part and one back part. Anything which is coming in front, it is called anterior and the one which is behind or towards the back, right, it is called posterior.
This space, it is divided into anterior and posterior compartments with the help of this step. okay and that is called as the inter muscular septum it is called as the inter muscular septum now when i say inter muscular septum guys when i say yes sahil very good when i say inter muscular septum it is nothing but the modification of deep fascia it is nothing but the modification of deep fascia only i just told about one of the functions over here it is dividing the space into two compartments and each compartment will have its own neuro vascular bundle the van component right the van component each component has its own van component right the veins arteries and nerves the veins arteries and nerves right so yes intermuscular septum so every compartment the interior so automatically it each compartment will have its own vein artery and nerve right so i hope this is clear just give me a thumbs up guys if this particular section is clear to each one of you just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if this is clear to each one of you guys please please let me know if this is clear to each one of you then i will discuss some important questions that have been asked in the exams right just give me a thumbs up and i'm waiting for your thumbs up guys you sure okay sahil very good pencil amrin very good very good dr harshin sabrina tanmay kanupia nike krishan okay annil vitanth very good very good guys it takes no courage to know listening me out at 11 40 it's the time in india right now and you guys are listening me hats off to your energy and patience level so uh like i'm hurry on i'm reen atul perfect perfect perfect guys you guys are like rock stars so let us let us discuss some important things over here yeah i just want to mention some some important things okay the two important things that you guys have to remember yeah these are all the important questions that have been asked all the yes vicky johra Hari Om. Yes. All the neurovascular bundle of our body, all the neurovascular bundle of our body have same sequence. okay exception you have to remember except all our body will have the same sequence the vein artery and nerve right but except the two important things that have been asked in the exams right the first one that is the first intercostal space that is the first intercostal space please please try to be with the flow guys please try to be with the flow yes sabrina very good bilal okay try to be with the flow the first inter postal space now when i say first in the postal space you guys already know that let us suppose this is the sternum right let us suppose this is the sternum and yes from the sternum you guys already know we have the two yes ribs the first strip and the second rib now when i say first inter postal space it is actually the space in between these two ribs inter ka matlab kya hoga hai beta inter means in between the two inter means in between the two right so that is that is the inter postal space right inter postal space the first intercostal space it has the order of nav it has opposite order nerve artery and vein nerve artery and vein and again again again one more important point that we have to mention over here that is the popliteal fossa popliteal fossa the popliteal fossa now when i say popliteal fossa now what is meant by the term fossa now remember guys this intermuscular space can present as can present as the triangles in our body or it can also present as fossas in our body we have different fossas in our body cubital fossa popliteal fossa okay the different triangles femoral triangle neck triangles this space can be fossa means the face part okay sabrina kanupriya yes so you guys have to remember this fossa this popliteal fossa okay if i ask you guys you guys are going to tell me this popliteal fossa it is present yes behind which joint this popliteal fossa it is present behind which joint guys can anyone tell me over here this popliteal fossa it is present behind which joint yes anyone yes it is present behind the knee joint that is the popliteal fossa okay it is present behind the knee joint kanupriya usama sahil very good vicky chaudhary anil very good very good guys amrin very good sahil very good it is present behind the knee joint guys it is present behind the knee joint this popliteal fossa is present behind the knee joint again this will have the same order right okay apart from that two more questions that i have to discuss the neurovascular bundle you the neurovascular bundle it is absent in it is absent in very very important you guys have to know it is absent in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg superficial posterior compartment of leg now when i say leg guys Firstly, understand the terms.
When I say leg, when I say leg, you guys already know, when I say leg, leg is from the knee joint to the ankle joint, from the knee joint to the ankle joint. Now, posterior means the posterior part of the leg. I'm just talking about this wala part, right?
This is the knee joint, ankle joint or ye wala part joe, that is the posterior part of the leg, right? The posterior part of the leg. and in the superficial part just in the superficial part it is devoid of the neurovascular bundle it is devoid of the neurovascular bundle apart from that apart from that one more question that has been asked in the aims exam that you guys have to remember that the neurovascular bundle the neuro vascular bundle in abdomen, I will teach abdomen, I have already taught abdomen on the YouTube, in abdomen runs in between two muscle layers, two muscle layers, very very important and these two muscle layers are nothing but yes.
the internal abdominal oblique muscle internal abdominal oblique muscle and one more that is called as the transverse abdominis muscle transverse abdominis muscle again guys you have to be very clear with the fact that obviously the neurovascular bundle the nerves Veins and the artery will run in between the two layers only. Okay. Yes.
Yes. Yes. Can you hear right?
It will run in between the two layers of the muscles only. These are all questions that have been asked in the exams. Right.
These are all previous year questions that have been asked in the exams. Very, very, very important guys. Very, very, very important.
Okay. Yes. Tons. I guess.
Very good. very good now now now so over here I also want to discuss one important concept that yes one Lord I have not discussed over here that is called as the Hilton's law Hilton there was a scientist called as Hilton so he has given a law and just or try to understand this that the nerve supplying the muscle supplying the muscle also now supplying the muscle also inner weights okay it will go inside also inner weights the skin overlying the muscle right the skin overlying the muscle and the joint on which the muscle acts on which the muscle acts so nerves supplying the muscle now you already know for example we have one very common muscle let us take the example uh no of any muscle in the body right whether it is biceps whether it is triceps right so any muscle it is supplied by the nerve right so the nerve which is supplying the muscle it will also supply the skin which is present on the top of that muscle and also on the joint on which that muscle acts right so the skin the muscle the joint everything which is in relation to that particular muscle will be supplied by the same nerve guys will be supplied by the same nerve so that is that is something that you have to take away from over here so all the important points all the diagrams the deep fascia definition functions the fascias right all the important concepts so yeah now before that please uh try to answer this particular clinical question and i want every one of you to answer this question before we end the session please try to answer this question an x-ray of 65 year old man is being performed by performing the x-ray the radiology technician asked the patient to stand in an upright position okay upright position with his arms abducted abducted means the arms are going away from the body i will teach this term tomorrow as well i will i will teach this term tomorrow as well now whenever i'll teach the muscular movements so you have to know when i say abduction abduction basically means taking the part of the body i mean taking the part of the limb away from the body okay the palms and the head in a forward direction which of the following this the position guys which of the following describes the position yes kalupriya very good it is the anatomical position osama very good it is the anatomical position very very very good posterior interior is nothing posterior decubitus we'll learn it tomorrow interior posterior we'll learn all the anatomical terms tomorrow yes we'll learn all the anatomical terms tomorrow right so yes it is the anatomical position see questions are nowadays more clinical but this is like a very easy question i would say just to get in touch with what all we are going to do in the future classes i am going to cover everything the entire general anatomy within one week the whole schedule is posted on my telegram group okay what i am going to do so today we have already discussed the definition the concept of anatomy the regional anatomy the systemic anatomy the various regions of the body right and we have already discussed the regions of upper and lower limb we have discussed the normal anatomical position the transfer section of the limb with the applied aspects the fascias superficial fascia deep fascia we have hilton's law all the important questions pyqs that have been asked in the exam right and along with the clinical question now there is you are uh if you want you can just connect to me on my instagram right you the various the easiest possibility is to connect me see i'm talking about the combined upper limit is not touching the sides of the body right so that is that is yes the part of the arm is also yeah see some part it is not touching the side of the body it's a little bit abducted right so that is something you have to know you can just connect to me on my instagram guys for any doubts the best easiest way nowadays so that is my instagram handle so yes it is abhijit kumar 7859 abhijit kumar 7859 you guys can connect me on my instagram handle for further doubts but tomorrow the class will be there i will let you know the timings yeah and everything will be posted on the telegram group mentioned below right sure it will be posted on the telegram group as mentioned right i hope you all understood today's lecture i hope you all understood we have discussed important concepts today right so yes i hope you all understood what we have discussed today so ciao goodbye take care good night it's time to sleep now right so thank you for your patience thank you for listening me out right okay guys bye