Argument Analysis in Manifestoes

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education REGION V SCHOOLS DIVISION OF MASBATE MASBATE NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL SCHOOL ID 302148 Name of Student: ________________________ Section: __________________ Learning Area: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC Date: __________________ Grade Level: _________________________ SLM’s 1st Semester 2ND Quarter

Week 1 Analyzes the Arguments Used by the Writer/s in Manifestoes

INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT Reading latest articles such as those that are printed on newspapers and even those that are shown on the television is a must- to- do thing that you should be concerned of because it helps you be acquainted with what is happening around you. This might give you knowledge on the present societal and political issues such as the dispute between the government and the leftist and the updates about the COVID- 19 Pandemic. It might also give you idea on the updates about the trends in literature and the arts. Also, official statements of essential individuals in our society must also be given consideration. But how would we know that you are reading the right thing?

VOCABULARY LIST Let us enrich your vocabulary with these terms that you will encounter throughout the lesson.

▪ Manifesto – A document publicly declaring the position or program of its issuer. It advances a set of ideas, opinions, or views but it can also lay out a plan of action. While it can address any topic, it most often concerns art, literature, or politics.

▪ Arguments - reasons or the reasoning given for or against a matter under discussion — compare evidence, proof

PRETEST A.
Instructions: Read the text below and answer the questions in a separate sheet of paper or in your notebook. Most people don’t get enough sleep. We are a society that burns the candle at both ends, a nation where people stay up all night to study, work, or have fun. However, going without adequate sleep carries with it both short- and long-term consequences. In the short term, a lack of adequate sleep can affect judgment, mood, ability to learn and retain information, and may increase the risk of serious accidents and injury. In the long term, chronic sleep deprivation may lead to a host of health problems including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even early mortality.

What is the main argument discussed in the text?
What are the reasons presented to support the main claim?
Do you agree with the statement above? Manifesto Manifesto is a document publicly declaring the position or program of its issuer. It advances a set of ideas, opinions, or views but it can also lay out a plan of action. While it can address any topic, it most often concerns art, literature, or politics. Manifesto are generally written in the name of a group sharing a common perspective, ideology, or purpose rather than in the name of a single individual. Table 1 Major Categories of Manifesto according to FIRSTPOST.com

Major Categories of Manifesto Major Categories of Manifesto 1. Goal A goal can be a manifesto when we share it with other people. It’s public, it’s a declaration and it’s about what one intends to have happened. 2. List and Rules A manifesto containing set of rules for behaving within a specific context or a list of items to be achieved or tasks to be fulfilled. 3. World This type of manifesto aims to create a new world. It’s not about simple rules, instead, it presents a vision for the future. A solemn declaration by the constituted authorities of a nation which contains the reason for its public acts towards another. On the declaration of war, a manifesto is usually issued in which the nation declaring war states the reasons for so doing.

If you are going to notice the highlighted words from the characteristics of the different categories of manifesto, the common thing about them is that a, MANIFESTO or the writer of a manifesto, aims for a change in state or in other words, the author is trying to convince the reader to believe the concept that he/she is trying to convey by giving arguments or logical reasons that will catch the attention of the reader and eventually believing it.

How are these changes carried out with just the use of written words? - It is when the author provides reasons accompanied with evidences to prove the belief, they wanted the reader to believe in or the so- called arguments.

As a reader, the challenge however lies on how will you understand the meaning that the author or writer wanted you to know. How will you know the arguments presented? Let’s take a few moments to review your past lesson about arguments.

Arguments is defined as a reason or the reasoning given for or against a matter under discussion — compare evidence, proof However, change can only be achieved if the reader fully understands the argument that is accompanied with evidences(reasons) that the author is trying to emphasize. To do that, take a look at these steps below

Steps in Analyzing an Argument

Briefly note the main assertion (what does the writer want me to believe or do?
Make a note of the first reason the author makes to support his/ her conclusion.
Write down every other reason.
Underline the most important reason

LEARNING SKILLS FROM MELC’s At the end of this Lesson, you are expected to:

Identify the different categories of manifestoes (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIa-d-3)
Infer meaning from the arguments
Table 2 Example of Manifesto and Analysis of Arguments.

Category Example of Manifesto Analysis of the Argument 1. Goal In adversity, the crisis has also brought out some of the best in our societies, from solidarity among neighbors, to the bravery of health and other key workers in facing down risks to their own health to serve their communities, to countries working together to provide emergency relief or to research treatments and vaccines. The “lockdown” measures that have been necessary to control the spread of COVID- 19 have slowed economic activity and disrupted lives- but have also given some glimpses of a possible brighter future. In some places, pollution levels have dropped to such an extent that people have breathed clean air, or have been seen blue skies and clean waters, or have been able to walk and cycle safely with their children- for the first times in their lives. The use of digital technology has accelerated new ways of working and connecting with each other, from reducing time spent commuting, to more flexible ways of studying, to carrying out medical consultations remotely, to spending more time with our families. Opinion polls from around the world show that people want to protect the environment and preserve the positive that have emerged from the crisis as we recover ###.

Source: Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, “What We Have Learned From COVID- 19,” WHO Manifesto for a Healthy Recovery from COVID- 19, May 26. 2020, www.who.int 1.The argument that the manifesto wanted to me to believe in is that “COVID- 19 Pandemic has brought about Positive Effects.” 2. First reason the author makes to support his/ her conclusion is found on the first sentence where the author uses the reason as his/ her example to prove his/ her claim, “Solidarity among neighbors and bravery of health and other key workers, to countries working together to provide emergency relief or to research treatments and vaccines.”. 3.List of the other Reasons: a. Pollution levels have dropped where people have breathed fresh air, have seen blue skies, and clean waters. b. Reduced time spent commuting and flexible ways of Steps in Analyzing an Argument Briefly note the main assertion (what does the writer want me to believe or do? Make a note of the first reason the author makes to support his/ her conclusion. Write down every other reason. Underline the most important reason 6 studying because of digital connecting with each other. c. Spending a lot of time with families. d. Raise awareness of environment conservation. 4. If the argument has several different reasons, we select the most important reason to know the main argument, but you need not select the main reason with this kind of argument where all reasons fall under a single main reason which is “the positive effects or impact of COVID Pandemic,” Explanation for being a manifesto categorized under Goal: The manifesto does not use obviously convincing words rather it hides the intention of changing people’s mind using positive pictures or situation. It shares to the reader the goal or the picture of something that everyone will accept and appreciate with the subtle purpose of making people believe the premise. It is different with World in the sense that it does not impose the goal. Note: A manifesto could be in this category if the goal (something beautiful and acceptable to everyone) is shared to reader for them to appreciate and eventually to believe in the arguments presented. 2. List and Rules Management of people with COVID-19 or their contacts • Workers who are unwell or who develop symptoms consistent with COVID-19 should be urged to stay at home, self-isolate, and contact a medical professional or the local COVID-19 information line for advice on testing and referral.19 • Where local community transmission is high, and work continues, allow for a telemedicine consultation where available, or consider waiving the requirement for a medical note for workers who are sick so that they may stay home. • All workers should be urged to self-monitor their health, possibly with the use of questionnaires, and take their body temperature regularly. • Thermal screening at the workplace should be considered only in the context of a combination of measures for prevention and control of COVID-19 at the workplace and along with risk communication. • Standard operating procedures should be prepared to manage a person who becomes sick at the workplace and is suspected of having COVID-19, including placing the person in an isolation room, limiting the number of people in contact, using personal protective equipment and performing follow-up cleaning and disinfection. • It is important to contact the local health authorities and to keep attendance and meeting records in order to facilitate or undertake contacttracing. ### Source: World Health Organization, “Considerations for Public Health and Social Measures in the Workplace in the Context of COVID- 19,” May 10, 2020. www.who.int The manifesto simply indicates the argument about the ways to manage people infected with COVID- 19 or their contacts

Explanation on how it is a manifesto under List and Rules: ❖ The manifesto sets the rules (the bulleted information) on how to do things in a specific situation. 3. World “NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested upon me by Article VII, Section 10, Paragraph (2) of the Constitution, do hereby place the entire Philippines as defined in Article I, Section 1 of the Constitution under martial law and, in my capacity as their commander-in-chief, do hereby command the armed forces of the Philippines, to maintain law and order throughout the Philippines, prevent or suppress all forms of lawless violence as well as any act of insurrection or rebellion and to enforce obedience to all the laws and decrees, orders and regulations promulgated by me personally or upon my direction

In addition, I do hereby order that all persons presently detained, as well as all others who may hereafter be similarly detained for the crimes of insurrection or rebellion, and all other crimes and offenses committed in furtherance or on the occasion thereof, or incident thereto, or in connection therewith, for crimes against national security and the law of nations, crimes against public order, crimes involving usurpation of authority, rank, title and improper use of names, uniforms and insignia, crimes committed by public. officers, and for such other crimes as will be enumerated in Orders that I shall subsequently promulgate, as well as crimes as a consequence of any violation of any decree, order or regulation promulgated by me personally or promulgated upon my direction shall be kept under detention until otherwise ordered released by me or by my duly designated representative.” Source: The Philippine Gazette, “Proclamation 1081, s. 1972,” September 21, 1972, www.officialgazette.gov.ph 1. The main assertion that this manifesto is pointing at is that the declaration of martial law in the country or also known as the Proclamation no. 1081 s. 1972.simply because it is what this manifesto is all about. It is what the author envisions. 2. The first reason that supports the assertion is the one that follows immediately after the assertion, in the case of this manifesto, it is the “maintain law and order throughout the Philippines”. 3. The other reasons mentioned are; (a.) prevent or suppress all forms of lawless violence as well as any Act of insurrection or rebellion (b.) to enforce obedience to all the laws and decrees, orders and regulations These reasons can also be acknowledged as the vision of the future that the author declares that makes this manifesto as an example under the category “world.” Note: It is only a manifesto under world if the declaration is done by an authority or authorized group to do the declaration and if it envisions change in the future

Are the reasons logical? Are they acceptable? Does it cater to the welfare of the public? Answering these questions means that you were able to analyze the manifesto critically. You can now create your own stand on the issue at hand. And this time, you are now ready for a much exciting part of our learning journey.

PRACTICE TASKS 1 Instructions: Read the following content carefully and identify the major category of manifesto and explain briefly why it is so.

Example: In the recent years, Filipino martial arts have been appropriated by a number of Hollywood action films. Tom Cruise (Mission Impossible 2), Angelina Jolie (Tomb Raider: Cradle of Life) and Matt Damon (Bourne Series) utilized the Pinoy Fighting form or one of its many variants. (Pepper Marcelo)

Answer: Category- Goal

Explanation: The manifesto is about the Filipino Martial Arts being known in other countries. If you are a Filipino, this idea would be something that you dream to happen and would want to happen. It belongs to the category GOAl since the assertion made by the writer is a situation that is positive for everyone.

“The National Democratic Front of the Philippines and the broad masses of the people themselves need to refrain from launching tactical offensiveness to gain more time and opportunity to fight the COVID- 19 pandemic and to look after the health and power- all welfare of the people in both urban and rural areas.”- Jose Maria “Joma” Sison, exiled founder of the Communist Party of the Philippines.
How to vote on Election Day in 12 easy steps Step 1: Go to your assigned polling precinct from 6 a.m. to 5 p.m. on May 9 The Commission on Election (Comelec) advises voters to come early and not wait until the last minute. Look for your name in the voters list posted near the precinct. The Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting (PPCRV) voter’s assistance desk in the polling place can also help you look for your precinct, sequence, and room number. Step 2: Fall in line in the holding area Step 3: Give your name, valid I.D., and precinct number to the Board of Election Inspectors (BEIs) Step 4: Get your ballot, ballot secrecy folder, marker, and go to the voting area Make sure your ballot is clean of any marks. Step 5: Vote wisely Under voting and abstaining is allowed; over-voting is not. If you over-vote, the vote will not be counted. Shade the entire oval corresponding to your candidate of choice. Cover your ballot using the ballot secrecy folder; even the poll watchers and BEI cannot look at your ballot. Do not make any other marks on the ballot. Step 6: Feed your ballot into the vote-counting machine The machine has a green check button that casts your vote and a red "X" button that returns your ballot. If you don't press either in one second, the machine automatically casts your ballot and prints a receipt. Step 7: Return the ballot secrecy folder and marker Step 8: Wait for your receipt to print and let the precinct supervisor cut your receipt from the machine Do not tear or pull the voter's receipt because it can cause the entire roll of thermal paper to be yanked, which may cause the vote-counting machines (VCMs) to temporarily shut down. The BEI will cut the receipt using a pair of scissors. Step 9: Have your right forefinger marked with indelible ink Step 10: Take your voter's receipt and verify your vote Step 11: Drop the receipt in the receptacle beside the VCM provided by Comelec Step 12: Leave the polling precinct
As adults, we can accept bad language on TV programs, as long as it relates to the program in question (i.e. drama series or films). However, children should not have to hear that sort of language. I’m not a prude by any means, but I find it really depressing when I hear children from children to toddler age and up using foul language. Of course, they learn this from their parents and other family members, but let’s minimize their exposure by keeping it out of children’s programs. - Karen, UK (BBC Online)

Post-test A. Instructions: Read the manifesto below and analyze the arguments presented by the writer by answering the questions in your notebook.

MANILA, Philippines — Locally stranded individuals (LSI) need not to present the results of their coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) swab test before returning to provinces, Interior Secretary Eduardo Año clarified Monday.

Año issued the clarification after stranded passengers at the North Port Passenger Terminal in Tondo, Manila were reportedly required to present swab test results. “Hindi required ‘yung PCR [polymerase chain reaction] testing sa kanila. Hindi pa naman na-approve ‘yung bagong pino-propose nating protocol na maga-undergo ng PCR testing ang mga LSI pero ito ay doon na sa kanilang point of destination,” Año said in an interview on Teleradyo.

“So ngayon, yung current protocols pa rin natin na medical clearance certificate, travel authority and then pagdating sa LGU, 14 days mandatory quarantine,” he added.

(Right now, the current protocols remain – they should have a medical clearance certificate, travel authority and upon arriving to the LGU, a 14-day mandatory quarantine.)

Last week, Malacañang said stranded individuals and overseas Filipino workers will soon be required to undergo COVID-19 swab tests before they could return to their provinces so that local government units will no longer have to worry that the returning residents will become carriers of the virus.### Source: Krissy Aguilar, Inquirer.Net, July 2020

What is the main point or idea of the manifesto above?

List down the evidences presented as proof to the argument.

B. What category does the above manifesto belong? Defend your answer ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ASSIGNMENT

Read one editorial news from a local newspaper and analyze the arguments presented by the writer.

RUBRICS FOR SCORING

CRITERIA for assignment

POINTS
Clear and concise explanation


5
Not so clear


3
Copy only from the content
2


No answer


1

4. REFERENCES

https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/05/03/how- to-vote-on-may-9-election-day-dosand-donts.html

https://amp-rappler-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/amp.rappler.com/nation/255687-jomasison-calls-ceasefire-government-coronavirus-march-2020 https://newsinfo-inquirer-

net.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/newsinfo.inquirer.net/129864/covid19-swab-test-not-required-for-returning-stranded-individuals-dilg/amp https://business. Inquirer.net/206733/video-games-adversely-affect-childrens-brains

https://takelessons.com/blog/how- to-analyze-an-argument https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/argument www.officialgazette.gov.ph https://www.britannica.com/topic/manifesto

                                    Prepared by:                        
          NONILY T. DEL ROSARIO

Subject Teacher

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Masbate MASBATE national COMPREHENSIVE high school Quezon Street., Masbate City Grade 11 2ND QUARTER WEEK 1

ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES Modalities Blended Distance Learning (Offline Distance Learning/Digital and Printed Module) Module 1

TIME LEARNING AREA LEARNING COMPETENCY LEARNING TASKS MODE OF DELIVERY

MONDAY

Morning 8:00-11:00 (G-11 J. Abad Santos)

Afternoon 2:00-4:00

THURSDAY

Morning 8:00-11:00 (G-11 A. Mabini)

Afternoon 2:00-4:00

English for Academic and professional purposes

Identify the different categories of manifestoes (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIa-d-3)

Students should answer the Pre-Test and Post-Test

(Please follow the directions carefully)

Students should answer PRACTICE TASKS 1 Read the following content carefully and identify the major category of manifesto and explain briefly why it is so.

ASSIGNMENT :

Read one editorial news from a local newspaper and analyze the arguments presented by the writer. * M Modular (Have the parent hand in the output to the

teacher in school)
Digital Modular Send your outputs thru email/Gmail account) provided by the teacher or any other platform recommended by the school.

Prepared By: NONILY T. DEL ROSARIO Subject Teacher

INSTRUCTION: Read the manifesto below and give your analysis on the following arguments.

Video Games Adversely Affect Children’s Brains By: Rafael Castillo

A lot of children in the Philippines and worldwide are crazy about video game play (VGP). Some parents even encourage it with the belief that it can increase their children’s dexterity and could even improve their IQ. We now have robust scientific data indicating this impression to be erroneous.

Although some scientific studies suggest that VGP may improve certain types of visual agility skills, negative effects of VGP outweigh them, with unfavorable effects on verbal memory, attention, sleep, learning and comprehension.

Most children regularly engaging in VGP have demonstrated by sophisticated imaging studies that the release of the hormone dopamine is increased, which is associated with most types of addiction.

A high level of dopamine makes one experience pleasure. Repeated exposure to an addictive substance or behavior such as playing video games conditions the brain cells in key areas like the prefrontal cortex—the area of the brain involved in planning and executing tasks—to crave and go after the substance or behavior causing the release of dopamine. The end result is being “addicted” to the source of pleasure, and in our children’s case—addiction to video games.

Some scientists describe the effect of video games as “hijacking the pleasure center,” which is the same reward circuit in the brain involved with motivation and memory. Since an addictive behavior like VGP stimulates the same circuit, this part becomes “hijacked and overloaded,” unfavorably affecting the child’s memory, learning and motivation to acquire other knowledge and skills. Hence, for many children, they may prefer playing their video games than doing their school assignments or reviewing for their exams. Source: Excerpts from, Rafael Castillo, “Video Games Adversely Affect Children’s Brains,” 2015, www. Inquirer.net

Students’ answer may vary depending upon their understanding of the text and their personal view of the issue. The rubric below may be used to rate the output.

Prepared By: NONILY T. DEL ROSARIO SUBJECT TEACHER

Transcript for:Argument Analysis in Manifestoes

Transcript for:
Argument Analysis in Manifestoes