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The Life and Legacy of Oscar Wilde

Apr 28, 2025

Oscar Wilde: A Brief Biography

Introduction

  • Oscar Wilde is a notable figure known for his brilliant works and controversial life.
  • This lecture explores his fascinating life and contributions to literature.

Early Life

  • Birth: October 16, 1854, in Dublin, Ireland.
  • Family:
    • Father: William Wilde, an acclaimed doctor and founder of St. Mark's Hospital.
    • Mother: Jane Francesca Wilde, a revolutionary poet who wrote under the pseudonym Speranza.
    • Siblings: One brother (William Charles Kingsbury) and a sister (Isola Emily Francesca) who died young from fever.

Education

  • Attended Trinity College, Dublin, and Magdalene College, Oxford.
  • Involvement in the athletic movement during studies.

Career Highlights

  • 1882: Embarked on an American lecture tour, meeting notable literary figures like Walt Whitman, Oliver Wendell Holmes, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.
  • Marriage: Married Constance Lloyd in May 1884; had two children, Cyril and Lillian.
  • Publishing Era (1887-1893):
    • Revitalized Women's World magazine.
    • Published The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888) and The House of Pomegranates (1892).
    • The Picture of Dorian Gray: First and only novel published in 1890.
  • Theater Works:
    • First play: Lady Windermere's Fan (1882).
    • Other notable plays: A Woman of No Importance (1893), An Ideal Husband, The Importance of Being Earnest (both in 1895).

Legal Troubles and Imprisonment

  • Controversy: Affair with Alfred Douglas, leading to public scandal.
  • Trial: The Queensbury vs. Wilde trial began when Douglas's father accused Wilde of homosexuality, leading Wilde to sue for defamation.
  • Conviction: Evidence of Wilde’s homosexuality presented in court, resulting in conviction in 1895 for gross indecency; sentenced to two years in prison.

Death

  • Oscar Wilde died in 1900 from meningitis shortly after being released from prison.