Overview
The lecture discusses the evolution of Philippine art, tracing its development through major historical periods and highlighting key art forms, artists, and their cultural significance.
Major Traditions in Philippine Art
- Philippine art developed through three main traditions: ethnic, Spanish colonial, and American colonial/contemporary.
- Indigenous (ethnic) art existed before colonization, influenced by location, lifestyle, and beliefs.
- The Spanish period emphasized religious and secular art, replacing many indigenous forms.
- American colonization introduced education-driven and modern art, focusing on national identity and modernization.
- Contemporary art (1970s-present) reflects current culture, societal issues, and diverse artistic practices.
Ethnic Tradition Art Forms
- Indigenous art was integral to daily life, reflecting pagan beliefs, farming, and fishing activities.
- Notable works: Angono Petroglyphs (rock carvings, Rizal), Manunggul Jar (burial jar, Palawan), Banga Dance (Kalinga pot dance showing grace and strength).
Spanish Colonial Art Forms
- Spanish era art was mainly religious to promote Catholicism.
- Examples: "Langit Lupa" fresco by Joseph Luciano Dans (Paete, Laguna), Saint Paul Metropolitan Cathedral (Vigan, Baroque architecture).
American Colonial and Modern Art
- Modern art (1860s–1960s) focused on national identity and the country's traditions.
- Key artworks: "The Making of the Philippine Flag" by Fernando Amorsolo, "Bayanihan" mural by Carlos Botong Francisco.
Contemporary Arts
- Contemporary art (1970s–present) mirrors current Philippine society, often experimental and diverse.
- Examples: "Cinco Marias Tres Marias Series" by Federico Aguilar Alcuaz (domestic activities), Leroy New's sand dunes installation (Ilocos Norte festival art).
Key Terms & Definitions
- Ethnic Tradition — Art forms from pre-colonial Philippines, tied to local customs and geography.
- Spanish Colonial Tradition — Arts created during Spanish rule, largely religious and Western-influenced.
- Modern Art — Philippine art from the late 1800s to 1960s, focusing on modernization and identity.
- Contemporary Art — Art from 1970s to present, reflecting current society and new artistic practices.
- Angono Petroglyphs — Ancient rock carvings representing early Filipino beliefs.
- Manunggul Jar — Burial jar symbolizing early beliefs in life after death.
- Banga Dance — A traditional Kalinga dance using clay pots.
- Bayanihan — Filipino tradition of communal unity and cooperation.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review examples and details of key artworks and traditions.
- Learn the definitions of art forms and terms discussed in the lecture.