Lecture 5: GK PVYC Series, Part 4 - Important Questions and Answer Session Summary (23 August 2023)

Preliminary Remarks

• Good morning and hello to all
• Today’s lecture: GK PVYC Series, Lecture 5
• Discussion on the previous test and problems
  • Available in the Live Test section of the Live Test Academy
  • Future tests will be based on the PVYC Series

Main Topics

Indus Valley Civilization

• Major architectural feature: Citadel
  • Elevated western area for the ruling class
  • Lower area for the common people
  • Two special sites: Dholavira (three parts) and Chanhudaro (no Citadel)
  • Town planning: Grid structure and good drainage system
• Water Sources and Structures
  • Giant water reservoir in Dholavira
• Major Rivers: Luni, Harappa/Mohenjo-daro (Indus), Lothal (Bhagvani River)

Major Scientific Contributions

• Reflecting Telescope: Isaac Newton
• Important Scientists: Christiaan Huygens (pendulum clock, Saturn's rings)
• Kepler’s Planetary Laws: Orbit, area, period

Important Government Operations

• Beating Retreat Ceremony: Conclusion of Republic Day (Kartavya Path, New Delhi)
• Vienna Convention: Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985)
• Ramsar Convention: Wetland conservation (1971)

Major Books and Authors

• Amish Tripathi: Shiva Trilogy Series
• Ruskin Bond: The Blue Umbrella, Room on the Roof

Indian Constitutional Articles

• 23: Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor
• 21: Right to life and personal liberty
• 32: Right to constitutional remedies (heart and soul as per Ambedkar)

Major Historical Events and Figures

• Bhagat Singh and associates: Saunders murder (1928), Lahore Conspiracy Case
• Shivaji Maharaj: Maratha Kingdom, Treaty of Purandar (1665)
• Mughal History: Humayun, Babur, Aurangzeb

Agriculture and Economy

• Agriculture Sector: According to the 2011 census, 54.6% workforce

Pyramids of Ecology

• Energy, Number, Biomass
  • Energy: Always upright
  • Number: Upright on land, inverted in the aquatic system
  • Biomass: Upright on land, inverted in water

Conclusion

• Fleming's Hand Rules: Right hand (generator), left hand (motor)
• Conservation of Natural Resources: Recycling, terrace farming, afforestation
• Democracy and Elections: Voting age of 18 years (61st amendment)
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Award: Akham Lakshmi Devi (2018, Manipuri dance)
• Supreme Court of India: Article 124

Additional Information

• Current Affairs: First National Space Day on 23 August 2023 (Touching lives while touching the moon)
• Another Important Award: Grand Cross of the Order of Honour (Greece) awarded to PM Modi