hi everyone this is Nurse Anna from nurse study.net I'm a little congested today it always happens right after I work I always catch these little buds it's fine drinking my water um today I want to uh talk to you about a pneumonia in the we did a concept map for you and it's free there's going to be a link in the description below for you to be able to download this um also in the links below I have uh nurse study.net the articles that will usually match up to this um and even some test questions I'm trying to kind of do nursing care plan uh nursing diagnosis and concept map and test question so that we can kind of get you know a a good grasp of whatever the topic is so that's going to be the new format um so today we're going to be looking at a pneumonia concept map and again uh you can download this for free the link is down below um and we're going to go into the path of physiology of it um basically it's inflammation infection of the avioli um common pathogens include bacteria so streptococus pneumonia viruses and even fungi uh fluid and pus will fill the avoli reducing oxygen exchange and so basically this concept map we're going to be going from here this way so hopefully I can highlight my mouse and show you the next thing we're going to talk about are the sides and symptoms so we're going to have uh you can have a cough which is productive or dry um so don't be folded up as a dry cough so you could actually have a productive cough and usually you'll see yellowish yellow green flim if it's clear it's usually thought to be viral um it really depends on the health care provider but even a dry cough can fool people they're like oh it's dry it's got to be something else oh it could be pneumonia fever and chills and of course you're going to treat that with Tylenol um and other anti pics a shortness of breath chest pain especially when breathing or coughing so when you're they're coughing they can sometimes get a chest pain associated with that cough and fatigue just that you know their avioli is filled with pus it it's just kind of hard to do the exchange down there diagnosis is usually made by lap test so we're going to do blood cultures um and follow your uh facil protocol on that um on your blood culture speedum analysis a complete blood count actually probably just do a rainbow but a CBC will be in there and you're going to be looking at a white count especially uh arterial blood gases um Imaging you're going to do a chest x-ray sometimes they may do a CT scan not done a lot if it's obvious on the chest x-ray but sometimes the healthc care provider will say well the X-ray looks maybe we'll do a CT scan it can happen doesn't happen a lot but it does happen those that are risk well we have age so the very young or elderly uh those who smoke especially chronic lung diseases like asthma and COPD immuno compromised status it say States hair status um recent respiratory infections so they haven't really gotten full recovery and then they catch another bug so nursing implications so these are things we need to kind of look for so we're looking for respiratory failure potential for sepsis acute respiratory distress distress syndrome also known as ARS um in plural infusions and I will I will be doing videos on all of this too and test questions and concept maps for you um treatments uh we'll do antibiotics for bacterial infections bacterial pneumonia anti virals for viral pneumonias antipyretics for the fever oxygen therapy and fluid management so if you give some fluid a lot of times you can thin the secretions you just have to make sure that they're not any kind of fluid restrictions so make sure you you check their diets and you know any restrictions that they may have so uh common nursing diagnosis are ineffective Airway clearance related to increased secretions and bronchial inflammation impaired gas exchange related to altered oxygenation Supply and a avolar capillary membrane changes again those avioli are filling with fluid and um they are coughing it out but it is impeding that gas exchange some nursing interventions uh would be assess the respiratory status regularly administer medications as prescribed and here we're talking about the antibiotics um antipyretics uh encourage coughing and deep breathing exercises we want to get some of that flum out uh sometimes we can even percuss the back if there they can tolerate something like that um I know that when my my husband had it he took like really warm showers to get the steam going so that he could cough everything out a lot easier uh position for maximum ventilation you know uh semi fowers would probably be the best that way they're not you know gurgling or anything like that so semi fowers is the best um and hydration we mentioned this hydration top then the secretion uh patient education would be importance of completing the medication courses and the reason this is important is because you know people start to feel better and I'm sure you've heard this in all your classes uh they start the antibiotics and usually probably after about two days they start to feel better and okay I don't need to take these antibiotics anymore this happens with urinary tract infections also um and what happens is they stop taking the antibiotics and the infection really wasn't quite uh gone yet and so what happens is it starts to come back and then you have like these little super bugs that come back this time um because you didn't really get rid of all of the bacteria the first time um so techniques for coughing and deep breathing so you know the some people do humidifiers or whatever to start trying to cough stuff up easier um deep breathing is important because you want to start to expand the avioli smoking cessation advice um so some some facilities will go ahead and they'll prescribe like nicotine patches or something to help with that but you know getting uh helping patients understand the dangers of smoking secondhand smoke is best um you do it in a gentle way so that they um they don't push back so you know let them know and you know be gentle with this advice uh importance of rest and fluid intake again if as long as they're not any kind of fluid restriction you do want them to have um uh rest so that their body can kind of rejuvenate and if they can tolerate you know an increased fluid intake to thin those secretions that would be best um and they also need to know when to seek medical attention and if they have a family member you really should also be educating the family members too because if this person's oxygen saturation is dropping they're not having a lot of Exchange in the lungs they're probably not going to be thinking clearly and or um they'll be you know I'm fine I don't need to go to the hospital but they don't look good at all so it's really important to involve the family members in this education um and it just kind of helps you know um everyone in the family kind of be on in the same uh level with doing care so if you want to learn more about pneumonia you could go to my website nurs study.net and then in the search box because we have over a thousand nursing diagnosis and care plans in here just type in pneumonia and it should come up for you and um when you scroll down um you'll basically have you know a more complete picture of it so you'll have signs and symptoms subjective objective related risk factors um and then you'll also have more nursing interventions desired outcomes and probably the the the main five nursing diagnosis for pneumonia care plans so that's about it um I hope you guys have a really good weekend this is Anna from nurse study.net and thanks for joining please don't forget to hit like And subscribe and if you want your free concept and if you want your free concept map go ahead there's a link Down Below in the description um so that it will go ahead and just go right to your email I hope you guys have a great day