Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Lecture Notes

Introduction

• JSA helps integrate safety and health principles into specific tasks.
• Synonyms include Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) and Job Hazard Breakdown.
• Total Job Analysis considers all job aspects, but this lecture focuses on health and safety.

Definition of Job and Task

• Job/Task: A specific work assignment (e.g., operating machinery, changing a tire).
• JSAs are ineffective for overly broad or narrow job definitions.

Benefits of Job Safety Analysis

• Observing a job helps identify hazards without relying on memory.
• Group discussions with experienced workers enhance the analysis.
• Improved safety and health awareness, communication, and acceptance of safe work procedures.
• JSAs can serve as teaching aids, guides for inspections, and assist in accident investigations.

Four Basic Steps in Conducting a JSA

1. Selecting the Job to be Analyzed

   • All jobs should ideally have a JSA, prioritizing critical jobs.
   • Consider factors such as accident frequency, severity, potential for severe injuries, and newly established/modified jobs.

2. Breaking the Job Down

   • Define job steps clearly; ideally, list under 10 steps.
   • Steps should be recorded in correct sequence.
   • Example: For changing a flat tire, steps include parking the vehicle, removing the spare, and loosening lug bolts.

3. Identifying Potential Hazards

   • Analyze each step for hazards based on observations and knowledge.
   • Use probing questions to assess potential risks (e.g., can body parts get caught, is there a risk of slipping, etc.).
   • Hazards for changing a flat tire: vehicle too close to traffic, lifting strain, etc.

4. Determining Preventive Measures

   • Aim to eliminate, contain, revise procedures, or reduce exposure to hazards.
   • Specific measures should be recommended for each hazard.
   • Example measures include parking away from traffic, using proper lifting techniques, and ensuring tools are used correctly.

Communicating the JSA Results

• After JSA completion, communicate findings to all relevant workers.
• Narrative style is more effective than side-by-side formats for instruction.
• Ensure all tasks and preventive measures are documented for organizational sharing.

Conclusion

• JSAs are vital for identifying and controlling workplace hazards.
• Encourage workers to share improvements based on JSA findings.
• Remember: Safety is everyone's responsibility.