Transcript for:
Exploring Mumbai's Rich History and Culture

So right now I’m at the very south of  Mumbai which is the most historic part   of the city arguably and I’m about to  start the day with a cup of tea or chai so one of the best things about living in the  subcontinent is that a cup of tea or chai costs   like 10 rupees. Anyways let's talk about the  history of Mumbai. Originally Mumbai was not   the city that we see today it was an archipelago  of about seven islands. people had really lived   here since the stone age. around 1000 bc this  region was heavily involved with trade with the   Egyptian and the Persian empires and then in the  third century bc this whole region came under the   influence of the Mauryan empire and that's when it  really became a center of Hindu-Buddhist religion   and culture and it stayed that way for more than  a thousand years after that and the best place to   tell you the story of that time is not here but  10 kilometers off the coast of Mumbai that way okay so these ferry tickets are far  from cheap but I promise that's the   most expensive thing that I’ll be doing today once you're on the ferry you can play an extra  ten rupees to get on top of it and chill with all   these seagulls I guess. I’m seriously worried that  one of them is going to [ __ ] on me right now So I’m finally on Elephanta island which is  a UNESCO world heritage site and a historical   place of worship that is 10 kilometers east  of Mumbai. I’m actually on the jetty that   leads to the island right now and there are  these train tracks here for this toy train   that goes to the island from the  place where they dock the boats there's all these animals on the island.  There's like cows roaming everywhere,   there's a goat there's a puppy too and  now I’m on these steps that sort of lead   up to the Elephanta caves themselves and in  front of me are all these freaking monkeys.   So I hear these monkeys can get  really aggressive but this one   seems really chill it's just enjoying  its biscuit. Just found a baby monkey the ticket here costs like 40 rupees and I’m at  the main entrance. This place used to actually be   called Gharapuri which means literally the city  of caves because it's a bunch of temple caves,   five if I remember right which is primarily  dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva who is one   of the main deities of Hinduism. So inside the  temple there are a lot of sculptures that are   carved out of rocks that show a lot of Hinduism  and Buddhism or Hinduist Buddhist iconography behind me is the main attraction of Elephanta  island which is the three-faced shiva. It's a   20-foot high statue and the three faces of  Shiva represent the three essential aspects   of him which is creation on one side protection  in the middle and destruction on the other side So when you go into the main gate you see two  more statues on each side of shiva. On one side.   you have the nataraj which shows them as the  lord of dance and on the other side you have   one called the yogishvara which shows him as  the lord of yoga. Unfortunately a lot of these   statues have been defaced and destroyed over  the years so there's not a lot left of them okay so I’m back in Mumbai and the moment you  get off the ferry you're going to see the statue   behind me of this guy called Chachapathi Shivaji.  Shivaji was the founder and leader of the Maratha   empire which was an empire that dominated  most of the Indian subcontinent back during   the 18th century he was a very successful Hindu  ruler in an era when India was mostly dominated   by Muslim Mughal emperors. It's not a surprise  that this guy is still very popular to this day   among the Marathi speaking people of Maharashtra.  The name the airport of Mumbai after him. They   even renamed the main train station that we're  going to see later after him as well. They're   actually trying to make a 700 feet statue of  him right off the coast. Yep that's 700 feet   which is supposed to be the biggest statue in  the world once it's completed and to put that   into context 700 feet is like a 70-story building  it's that high. But interestingly Shivaji never   lived here and Mumbai was far from being the  capital of the Maratha empire so you might ask   how did Mumbai become such an important city and  the answer is because of colonization. That island   we just came from called Elephanta island, that was  actually called Gharapuri if you remember right.   In 16th century a bunch of European merchants  actually landed there and then they saw this   huge elephant statue then they decided to call  that whole island Elephanta island because   that's the first thing they saw. Colonizers  in India and you're probably thinking I’m   talking about the Brits. I’m actually not.  I’m talking about the people who colonized   Mumbai before the British. I’m talking about  the Portuguese and I think we should move to   west Mumbai right now because that's  a better spot to continue the story so I just got a train ticket for going like  10 kilometers and it cost me 10 rupees right now I’m in an autorickshaw  which is the classic cheap   private transport to get not just in Mumbai  but all across the subcontinent I want to say okay so I’m finally on the west side  I’m right next to this fort called   Bandra fort that was built by the Portuguese  So the Portuguese like I said were the first   Europeans to come here Portuguese explorer came  across this bay in 1508 and called it bom baim   which literally means good bay in Portuguese and  then in 1535 they had this peace and commerce   agreement with the sultan of Gujarat where they  were handed over all the seven islands of Mumbai   and the surrounding areas. This fort that's closed  right now in front of me was built in 1640 by the   Portuguese as a sort of outpost in the Arabian  sea and to watch over this bay and the island   that they owned and if you're thinking why this is  called the Arabian sea I was surprised to find two   that Mumbai is actually closer to some Arab  countries than it is to other parts of India   which is crazy to me. So this fort is like 80  feet high and has several levels from the seaside   all the way to the top but unfortunately I  can't go in right now because it's closed   inside because of Covid so I can only show  it to you from the outside from the bottom now let's talk about how England come into this  picture. So in 1661 Catherine of Portugal from   the royal family got married to Charles II of  England and the Portuguese decided to give away   the seven islands and a lot of other things as  part of the dowry to England for that marriage   and at the time they thought this was very  insignificant at least the seven islands part of   the deal. But it turned out to be probably the most  important thing given away in a dowry ever because   after this came under England this place was  basically put under the ownership of the British   east India company which essentially became  a managing agency for the British government   and just like other cities in India that came  under their ownership like Kolkata, they started   investing heavily into infrastructures and other  things that they needed to make this an important   seaport so in the mid 18th century there was the  Hornby Vellard project which reclaimed all the   land or all the sea between these islands and  turned Bombay into the land mass that we see   today. That project along with a lot of other  construction projects of roads and railways   in the city transformed Mumbai into one of the  most important port cities on the Arabian sea British history is all fun and  great but I am starving right now   and I feel like I need some street food from mike okay so this is panipuri which is very similar   to fuchka in Bangladesh and six of  these together cost like 30 rupees it's delicious. it's definitely got a lot  less spices than I’m used to in Bangladesh so the amount of influence that the British  had in building Mumbai in the early stages of   the city is very evident from the architecture  that you see in southern Mumbai. You can see it   in the police station here which is one of the  fanciest police stations I’ve seen in my life.   You can see it in the university of Mumbai. You  can see it in the Bombay court but most evidently   you can see it in the Chattrapati Shivaji  terminus which is one of the busiest train   stations in India and the headquarters of  the Indian central railway. This place was   actually called Victoria terminus at first but  was renamed more recently to it’s current name   and it's a UNESCO world heritage site and it's  definitely a gorgeous gorgeous train station i can't talk about British monuments in Mumbai  without mentioning the most famous British one   in India, the gateway of India, which is kind  of where we started the vlog. Rising at 85 ft   this thing was built in 1913 to commemorate the  visit of King George V who was the British emperor   that came to India in 1911 becoming the first  ever British emperor to visit India which was   a big deal at the time. This place was used as  sort of like a ceremonial entrance for a lot of   important colonial people that came to India over  the years ironically after the British left and   India gained independence the very last British  troops actually left through the gateway of India   one last time and today this place is without a  doubt one of the most iconic spots in all of India okay for a bonus section in this video I’m going  to finish the vlog today in front of the residence   of Shah Rukh Khan who's not a politician but  probably one of the most influential people   in the world and definitely one of the  biggest actors of Bollywood. This guy   is as famous as it gets in this country and  honestly I’m just here because I was a huge   fan of this guy. I was idolizing him growing  up when I was a little kid I had cassettes not   of his movies but of the songs in his movies  and me and my sister used to listen to them   and have a damn good time when I was a kid. So  I just had to come and see this place. There's a   lot more security here than I expected. All right  that's gonna be it for this video if you like the   video don't forget to like it if you want to see  more videos from me feel free to subscribe to my   channel or follow my page and if you want to get  real time updates for me feel free to follow me on   Instagram. I’ll catch you guys in the next video  probably from somewhere else in India in the north