De Broglie Wave-Particle Duality

Hello everyone, welcome to my channel. Today we will discuss in detail about De Broglie theory, which is an important topic related to inorganic chemistry. So what is De Broglie theory? In 1924, De Broglie proposed that the electron-like lights behave both as material particles and as a wave. Example, the electron has dual character. Basically, D. Broglie was a scientist. So, he presented a basic theory, a basic concept. He said that any small particle, any small particles, which is like electrons, protons, any matter when they are in movement, when they are in motion then they show two types of nature, behave in two ways one is that they behave as material particles and the other is that they behave as a wave so in this way they represent two types of nature like these are our neutrons or protons or any electrons or protons so if it behaves like a wave then when it behaves like a wave The qualities and properties of waves in the waves will be found in these curves. In this way, D.Brogling gave a simple concept. Basically, any small particles like electrons or protons when they are in motion, they have two types of properties. They behave in two ways. as a material particles and as a wave. Okay, so this is what De Broglie told us. And for that, he did some important experiments. So, this wavelength, this wave, to find its wavelength, an important formula was derived. So, we will discuss that. So, using Planck Quantum Theory and Einstein Mass Energy Relationship, De Broglie derived an expression for calculating the wavelength of the wave associated with an electron. Okay, so in this way, Planck Quantum Theory theory and Einstein mass energy relationship. By using these two, de Broglie derived his formula expressions to calculate the wavelength of any wave. So, he used Planck quantum theory and Einstein mass energy. So, first according to Planck quantum theory, we used Planck's Equation E is equal to h nu where nu is frequency and h is Planck constant. This represents Planck constant. Similarly, the formula of Einstein's mass energy relationship is E is equal to mc2. When both the equations are compared, we get that mc2 is equal to h nu. So, here MC2 is equal to H Here, the new will be is C upon lambda. Its value is C upon lambda. So, we can replace C upon lambda with nu. Then, MC equal to H upon lambda. Here you will see that this one C will be cut with this C. So, these two will be cut. So, MC equal to H upon lambda will be in our next equation. After that, the lambda will be different. After that, lambda equal to H upon MC will our equation number third will be obtained. And this is the deep broccoli. So this is called de Broglie equation. We can show it like this. lambda equal to h upon m is the momentum of electrons. and instead of c we can use v. and then m and v is equal to p. So p is our sum weight. So this is our main formula. This is the main formula of de Broglie equation. So where lambda is known as the de Broglie wavelength and this equation is called de Broglie equation. So this is how deep rock line is. They have shown the two natures of any small particles in their theory. They show the two natures that is the material particles and behave as a wave. So, in this way, the particles or the edges are called wave-particle duality. Basically, they represent the dual nature. That is why they are also called wave-particle duality. So, in this way, this is the main part of deep rolling. This formula is important for B.Sc level examinations. It is asked in 2 or 3 marks. Apart from this, the experimental proof of dual nature of electrons is important. Which was proved experimentally by De Broglie. So Davison and Germer in 1927 experimentally experimented. experimentally proved de Broglie hypothesis. They success in diffracting electrons from a nickel crystal. So, one type of nickel crystal was given. Basically, this Davison and Davison and German experimented to prove the hypothesis of de Broglie. They took a nickel crystal and diffracted the electrons wave Like the Bragg equation The way x-rays are diffracted In the same way, these are also diffracted. The waves of electrons were also experimented in this way. And second, in 1928, a kind of experiment was also done by Thomson and Reed. They extended the research of electron waves. This research was extended by them. By Thomson and Reed. And high speed electrons were diffracted by very thin metallic film. So, high speed electrons were very metallic thin. very thin metallic on the thin metal and they used a method similar to the Debye square powder method for X-ray analysis of crystal. So, this experiment was done using the same method which is the powder method of Debye Scanner for X-ray analysis and they proved this experiment. Basically, this powder method is an important topic of X-ray spectroscopy. I have discussed in my videos if you want to watch videos You can see the link below. So, they used powder matter to prove it. So, in this way, two important experiments were done to prove the dual nature of electrons. After that, there are some important properties of these wave matters which are asked in the examinations. So, the first important property is smaller particles to have a mass. Small particles have mass as well as their mass. as they have a quality uh of matter. So, this is the important property of wave matrix. If we consider particles as wave particles, then similar properties as that of wavelength, So, the properties of wavelength are also In particles also same properties and same quality will be found that is wavelength, amplitude and frequency. After this third properties are smaller particles like electrons, protons and neutrons when moves their nature becomes same as matter as wave. So small particles like electrons and protons when they move in movement then they basically behave like matter and wave. This same principle you can write in properties. So these are the three important properties. Now we will look at some important questions which are asked in your semester examinations in B.Sc level examinations What is the de Broglie theory? Derive the equation So you can derive the definition and the formula of the first question for this question Other questions are related to this concept What is the de Broglie theory? Write three properties of wave matters In this way you can explain the de Broglie theory by writing the basic definition you can write these three properties and third question is write down the deep De Broglie theory derives its mathematical expressions. If we ask mathematical expressions, then you have to simply write the derivation of the formula. So, this is how De Broglie theory is completed. It is a very simple and important topic. You will understand it very easily. I hope you understood it and this video was helpful. If you want the PDF of these notes, then you will get the link in the description box and PDF section. Link where you can download all the PDFs for B.Sc and M.Sc examinations which will be very helpful for your exam preparations. So, I hope this video will be helpful. To watch the upcoming videos, please stay connected with the channel. Please support, like and subscribe to my channel. And thank you so much for watching.

Basically, D. Broglie was a scientist. So, he presented a basic theory, a basic concept. He said that any small particle, any small particles, which is like electrons, protons, any matter when they are in movement, when they are in motion then they show two types of nature, behave in two ways one is that they behave as material particles and the other is that they behave as a wave so in this way they represent two types of nature like these are our neutrons or protons or any electrons or protons so if it behaves like a wave then when it behaves like a wave The qualities and properties of waves in the waves will be found in these curves. In this way, D.Brogling gave a simple concept. Basically, any small particles like electrons or protons when they are in motion, they have two types of properties.

They behave in two ways. as a material particles and as a wave. Okay, so this is what De Broglie told us. And for that, he did some important experiments.

So, this wavelength, this wave, to find its wavelength, an important formula was derived. So, we will discuss that. So, using Planck Quantum Theory and Einstein Mass Energy Relationship, De Broglie derived an expression for calculating the wavelength of the wave associated with an electron.

Okay, so in this way, Planck Quantum Theory theory and Einstein mass energy relationship. By using these two, de Broglie derived his formula expressions to calculate the wavelength of any wave. So, he used Planck quantum theory and Einstein mass energy.

So, first according to Planck quantum theory, we used Planck's Equation E is equal to h nu where nu is frequency and h is Planck constant. This represents Planck constant. Similarly, the formula of Einstein's mass energy relationship is E is equal to mc2.

When both the equations are compared, we get that mc2 is equal to h nu. So, here MC2 is equal to H Here, the new will be is C upon lambda. Its value is C upon lambda.

So, we can replace C upon lambda with nu. Then, MC equal to H upon lambda. Here you will see that this one C will be cut with this C.

So, these two will be cut. So, MC equal to H upon lambda will be in our next equation. After that, the lambda will be different.

After that, lambda equal to H upon MC will our equation number third will be obtained. And this is the deep broccoli. So this is called de Broglie equation.

We can show it like this. lambda equal to h upon m is the momentum of electrons. and instead of c we can use v. and then m and v is equal to p. So p is our sum weight. So this is our main formula.

This is the main formula of de Broglie equation. So where lambda is known as the de Broglie wavelength and this equation is called de Broglie equation. So this is how deep rock line is. They have shown the two natures of any small particles in their theory. They show the two natures that is the material particles and behave as a wave.

So, in this way, the particles or the edges are called wave-particle duality. Basically, they represent the dual nature. That is why they are also called wave-particle duality. So, in this way, this is the main part of deep rolling. This formula is important for B.Sc level examinations.

It is asked in 2 or 3 marks. Apart from this, the experimental proof of dual nature of electrons is important. Which was proved experimentally by De Broglie.

So Davison and Germer in 1927 experimentally experimented. experimentally proved de Broglie hypothesis. They success in diffracting electrons from a nickel crystal. So, one type of nickel crystal was given. Basically, this Davison and Davison and German experimented to prove the hypothesis of de Broglie.

They took a nickel crystal and diffracted the electrons wave Like the Bragg equation The way x-rays are diffracted In the same way, these are also diffracted. The waves of electrons were also experimented in this way. And second, in 1928, a kind of experiment was also done by Thomson and Reed. They extended the research of electron waves.

This research was extended by them. By Thomson and Reed. And high speed electrons were diffracted by very thin metallic film. So, high speed electrons were very metallic thin.

very thin metallic on the thin metal and they used a method similar to the Debye square powder method for X-ray analysis of crystal. So, this experiment was done using the same method which is the powder method of Debye Scanner for X-ray analysis and they proved this experiment. Basically, this powder method is an important topic of X-ray spectroscopy. I have discussed in my videos if you want to watch videos You can see the link below.

So, they used powder matter to prove it. So, in this way, two important experiments were done to prove the dual nature of electrons. After that, there are some important properties of these wave matters which are asked in the examinations.

So, the first important property is smaller particles to have a mass. Small particles have mass as well as their mass. as they have a quality uh of matter. So, this is the important property of wave matrix. If we consider particles as wave particles, then similar properties as that of wavelength, So, the properties of wavelength are also In particles also same properties and same quality will be found that is wavelength, amplitude and frequency. After this third properties are smaller particles like electrons, protons and neutrons when moves their nature becomes same as matter as wave.

So small particles like electrons and protons when they move in movement then they basically behave like matter and wave. This same principle you can write in properties. So these are the three important properties. Now we will look at some important questions which are asked in your semester examinations in B.Sc level examinations What is the de Broglie theory?

Derive the equation So you can derive the definition and the formula of the first question for this question Other questions are related to this concept What is the de Broglie theory? Write three properties of wave matters In this way you can explain the de Broglie theory by writing the basic definition you can write these three properties and third question is write down the deep De Broglie theory derives its mathematical expressions. If we ask mathematical expressions, then you have to simply write the derivation of the formula. So, this is how De Broglie theory is completed.

It is a very simple and important topic. You will understand it very easily. I hope you understood it and this video was helpful. If you want the PDF of these notes, then you will get the link in the description box and PDF section. Link where you can download all the PDFs for B.Sc and M.Sc examinations which will be very helpful for your exam preparations.

So, I hope this video will be helpful. To watch the upcoming videos, please stay connected with the channel. Please support, like and subscribe to my channel.

And thank you so much for watching.

Transcript for:De Broglie Wave-Particle Duality

Transcript for:
De Broglie Wave-Particle Duality