[Music] so in the previous videos once or twice I mentioned there are some interesting ideas in The Vedas so in this video as I told you the ideas are for too many but at least we will get to see a few of them basically The Vedas form the foundation for sanatan Dharma which is considered as the ultimate reference for every aspect of living in India details about performing several rituals to propitiate the devatas form a major component which I talked about when I talked about brahmanas and all those things there are also prayers for prosperity and peace in The Vedas and what is distinctive about them is these prayers are invariably including all living organisms in the universe not just the mankind so the prayers are made for everyone you know everybody must peacefully coexist that is the kind of message that you see whenever you see prayers ah there are several other issues inquiring into the origin of the universe and the human beings intricate relationship with the nature there are a few suktas which actually talk about them and you know reflect on how what is this nature what is our relationship and things of that kind reflecting on some observed Celestial happenings leading to some astronomical insights such kind of messages are there there are sultas which talk about marriage health and wellness there are also larger questions such as our purpose in life which are addressed in in this part of The Vedas many methods of inquiring into all these subjects are also to be found so you know it is really a large diverse repository of very different ideas and so on so what we will do is we will specifically look at a few of them I will show some messages in the rigveda samhita and let me just show you a few of them I have taken four Broad headers to sort of talk first thing is peaceful coexistence that could be one broad theme on which we can see for example we see prayers to bless uh you know the two legs for like you know if I had to use the Sanskrit word ashtapati navapati like that is eight legged and so on so in ashtapati navapati they are also there so prayers to bless the two like which are human beings four legs which are the animals creatures with uh you know plus all these with priests and prosperity then there are prayers which is uh priests and prosperity for not just the Earth it is also for you know the interest space and the space above such kind of mantras are also one can see often so such kind of mantras or messages are there the second one ah if you may is societal values ah I have just taken two mantras here from I mean the truth is one but uh knowledgeable people actually articulate it very differently I mean if you believe in this Mantra there cannot be no fight among religions because that's what it is saying different people have different ways of understanding the truth the truth is one they talk very differently and so on then look at this Mantra it says let Noble thoughts come from everywhere from everywhere let me get Noble thoughts and so on so these kinds of uh messages are also there that the third one is the origin of universe I started this entire module on Vedic corpus with the first two mantras of NASA if you remember so that comes from the 10th mandala 129th in the same 10th mandala you have two more the hiranyagar basukta is there about writing 12 13 mantras there which also talks about some issues of origin of the universe purusha sukta also has origin of the universe and the other living beings and so on so all these are also to be found quite often in these kinds of Vedic Corpus and of course there are a lot of worldly things actually has a lot of stuff which deals with you know things which are now and here rather than Hereafter Veda is particularly focusing on many things for us to make sense now so therefore we look at what the Veda has also we will look at in a little detail now here is a table which you see here and this is a thematic classification of the ideas presented in atharva Veda as you see here actually there are some themes which are indicated here means medicine so it has set of mantras which are related to uh medicine and diseases and so on then you have ayushyani mantras for long life you have pausedikani you know mantras to be recited at the time of plowing the field on the occasion of house construction Etc while exercising some commercial transactions so there are mantras for that then they are price chitani mantras which do away with bad and inauspicious matters that we might encounter in life and so on then Stree karmani mantras exclusively related to the life of women folk in terms of marriage love child welfare etc etc Raja karmani there are political Notions of The Vedic times these mantras indicate that and brahmanyani mantras and philosophical speculations of atarwaveda so what you find in atharva Veda are mantras for now for many things that we want to actually engage ourselves now uh in in terms of what we are doing and and you know those kinds of issues then you have look at the upanishads upanishads is another nice uh collection so I have just taken four upanishads the president upanishad is typically six questions actually Krishna upanishad is students who ask six students go to a guru and ask six different types of questions and so Progressive with the questions become sophisticated and the guru gives answers that's how the entire upanishad is organized you have Kato panishad in which a young boy by name nachiketas talks about his journey to know the ultimate truth about death and immortality it's a very nice there's a nice story at the beginning of the operation from then on it goes on to deeply inquire about death and immortality and so on you have means big aranya is Forest this is like a huge Forest it's a very huge upanishad it has a variety of interesting conversations and anecdotes and so on but one notable thing about that is the beautiful conversation between King janaka and agnya alkya which is part of this ah what is Ultimate knowledge and what is relative knowledge if I have to you know approximately use a word like that so it describes about these kinds of things so each upanishad has such kind of very interesting ideas and that's the other part of it if you take the three upanishad there is ah the ethere operation has three chapters and in the first chapter there is a famous uh what you may call it as convocation address as the students pass out of the gurukula the guru gives a set of advices and there are certain ideas in that which I have pictorially portrayed here there are advices on one's own mode of living with reference to the society and oneself you know the mantras like satyam dharma's all those are part of that actually how do you handle your guess how do you treat your father and mother and the teacher and so on that's what it is regulating one's relationship with the previous generation and the present Elders some ideas as I told you relationship with oneself and one's teachers attitude towards the learner and the wise in the society some advices are given to that also then there is a beautiful section portion which talks about giving it says how do you give those ideas are being described there and then you know we may encounter a lot of doubts so how do we remember what is the remedy for doubts regarding one's own Duty and conduct in life and also when we have doubts regarding the relationship with others falsely accused in the world and so on how do you handle so the guru gives a set of ideas to the student and help the student lead a very good life so these are some of the simple quick illustration of what kind of messages you can see in The Vedas as I told you they are vast very varied diverse just to get a sense of it we saw a few of them here now what we will do is we will move on and understand what is called vedangas also in order to understand Vedas you need some auxiliary things that is called vedanga from next video we will see such ideas [Music] foreign