Limbic System and Reward Circuit

Overview of the Limbic System

• Location: Deep within the brain
• Function: Contains structures that control and regulate pleasure

Reward Circuit

• Links various brain structures
• Controls the ability to feel pleasure
• Motivation to repeat behaviors comes from feeling pleasure

Activation of the Reward Circuit

• Relays electrical and chemical signals
• Synapse: Small gap between sending and receiving cells

Dopamine and Its Function

• Dopamine Neurons: Release neurotransmitter dopamine
• Process:
  • Dopamine molecules travel across synapses
  • Connect with dopamine receptors on receiving cell surfaces
  • Triggers proteins inside the cell to carry the signal further
• Reuptake: Some molecules re-enter the sending cell through dopamine transporters

Response to Rewards

• Presynaptic cell releases large amounts of dopamine upon encountering rewards
• Dopamine Transporters: Quickly remove excess dopamine

Learning and Adaptation

• Natural Rewards: Dopamine surges help in learning and adapting

Impact of Drugs

• Drugs can exploit this process
• Leads to unhealthy behaviors and consequences