Notes on Cartesio's Philosophy

Introduction to Cartesio

• Full Name: René Descartes (often referred to as Cartesio in Italian and other languages)
• Time Period: 1596-1650
• Key Contributions: Philosophy, mathematics, and science.

Major Philosophical Concepts

Method of Doubt

• Skepticism: Questioning the certainty of knowledge.
• Cogito, ergo sum: "I think, therefore I am" - foundational element for modern philosophy.

Dualism

• Mind-Body Distinction: Separation of the non-material mind and the material body.
• Interactionism: How the mind and body interact and influence each other.

Rationalism

• Innate Ideas: Belief in pre-existing concepts in the mind.
• Role of Reason: Emphasis on reason as the primary source of knowledge, contrasting with empiricism.

Influence on Modern Philosophy

• Foundational Role: Considered the father of modern philosophy due to his methods and ideas.
• Impact on Subsequent Thinkers: Influenced philosophers like Spinoza, Leibniz, and Kant.

Cartesian Coordinates

• Mathematical Contribution: Developed a coordinate system used in geometry.
• Foundation for Analytical Geometry: Merging algebra and geometry.

Conclusion

• Legacy: Cartesio's ideas laid the groundwork for modern epistemology and metaphysics. His influence continues in philosophy, science, and mathematics.