hello and welcome back to all you read notes for edextel igcse history and in this third episode in the series we'll be looking at the rise of hitler and the nazis to january 1933 as part of the germany 1918-45 part of the specification i'll be looking at two effects of every single topic in it um so let's begin so firstly the changes to the german workers party one effect of this was that the nsdap became more popular so hitler declared himself fiora of the nsdap in 1921 and hitler was an excellent speaker he attracted many many audiences he made his point very very well and so many people sympathized with him they agreed with his stance of going against versailles he disliked the betrayal that germany had suffered they liked his anti-semitism his anti-communism they they feared communists after the 1917 russian revolution and they thought that hitler had the right stance against them his 25-point program which he'd made which was a mandate of what he'd do if he was in power that was very very popular and so the membership of the nsdap rose to over a thousand by 1920 and they had a newspaper called the people's observer that could influence opinion second effect was that hitler set up the sa so the essay stormtroopers were veterans from the first world war who agreed with hitler's anti-versailles stance and his nationalistic ideas so they just like the threat of germany they disliked the 132 thousand million mark fine um reparations bill um and so they joined the stormtroopers which was led by someone called ernst holm in 1921 and that gave strength to the nazi party so the sa did a variety different things they fought communists they disrupted the opposition meetings they played a huge part in the munich punches also on the next um but many middle class photos saw them as unruly and a bit thuggish so the munich push the specification makes it quite clear that not only do you need to know the effects of the immunity push but you also need to know the causes and the events of it so we'll run through the courses and events so there was general anger amongst the german citizens about the november the november criminals so the people who would sign the treaty of versailles and the betrayal in the treaty of the size of the reparations bill um losing losing parts of germany to other countries like west prussia also the um the invasion of the rule the humiliation with the war guilt clause and as i was saying the invasion of the rule and subsequent hyperinflation also made vinemar quite unpopular so after the government had failed to resolve the occu the french occupied in the rule um as you as we saw in the first video the german government printed lot a lot of money and this led to rapid inflation or hyperinflation so this was a course of discontent many plunge into poverty the government seemed to be doing nothing about it and so velma was very very unpopular so hitler he'd seen mussolini's march on rome and how he'd taken power and he thought that the nsdap were ready so they had the sa now they had 20 000 supporters and they had um quite an important supporter called ludendorff he had been a war hero in the first world war so he provided credibility to to the party and they were ready to take action so on the 8th of november 1923 hitler and the sa stormed a bavarian beer hall and they they surrounded the leaders of bavaria um the leaders of both the bavarian government and the police in bavaria and they made them swear odes of loyalty and iber who was the president he declared a state of emergency and so the police came and they had a full-on confrontation with the nazis they killed 14 nazis and eventually they arrested hitler and also ludendorff so the effects of munich then the first effect was the popularity of the nsdep increased so hitler's trial was massively publicized in the press um and so the speeches were published and distributed to many different people and they attacked the government and they were seen as quite popular so people agreed with him they they thought that what he was saying was right also ludendorff he added respectability to the party so he was very very popular he was seen as massively important in the first world war um and so more people supported the nstep because they thought that ludendorff was right in doing so that the nsap was a popular party now uh and hitler's nationalistic views so strong germany he made speeches against versailles they're very very popular and so even though the nsdep were banned they ran in 1924 under a different name and they managed to win 32 seats in that election second effect is that hitler went to prison so he was found guilty of treason and he was sentenced to what five years in prison initially but he only ever served nine months and whilst he was there he wrote mike camp which was his autobiography and all about his reflection on jews on germany on versailles so he was laying out his his ideas and it really changed his focus of what he wanted to do if he gained power he also and this was a key change he decided to try and overthrow weimar democratically so rather than try another push rather than try by by by military force to take over the republic he decided to change it from the inside to stand in democratic elections and hence why 1924 the nazi party did stand under a different name next the reorganization of the party from 1924-28 so one effect of this as we've briefly covered hitler wanted to win democratically so he decided that the nsdap should stand in elections for the reichstag and under a different name the party won 32 seats in 1994 because he was winning democratically because he was now campaigning and we'll see a bit more about that in the in the next effect of the party membership of the anniston ep grew to a hundred thousand by 1929 many supported him he was effective in what he was saying um he became much more popular and through elections he managed to expand his image so the trial had allowed him to publicize his views and the nsdap became sort of a national political party however and you you get different points but but straisman as we saw in in the second video he had done a variety of different policies and it had increased germany's popularity on the world stage it would restore trust internationally in the final republic and so everything he did made the milder parties like the sdp much more favorable so that actually even though party membership continues to grow they only won 12 seats in 1928 so winning democratically didn't always work but but it reorganized the party and they were set now on on a line of trying to win elections so the second effect was that the nazi policies were directed specifically at voters so as we saw earlier the 25 point program um had been introduced and this promoted nationalistic sentiments so stuff like germans and germany to be put first and nothing like versailles they weren't going to be beaten down by their old enemy in the war um jews and communists were not to be tolerated germany would be put first goebbels who was had a propaganda in the party he emphasized the their anti-semitism which was a very very popular message with the voters many people traditionally feared jews he emphasizes the propaganda this obviously made the nazi party more popular um and and people thought they were a credible political force hitler himself as we said also was a good speaker um he would speak to many many audiences every day he set up a variety of different nazi organizations which appeal to certain voters so you've got hitler youth which was set up in the 1920s um this was to engage younger people who hopefully would go on to to vote for the nazis nazi women's league so this was for mothers wives and women to encourage them to vote for the nazis in elections so it was all geared towards towards certain people and hitler also set up local nazi leaders in different states all of this to encourage people to vote for the nazi party the great depression then so the first effect of the great depression was that people lost their jobs so as we saw in the last episode um the wall street crash happened in 1929 and people lost their jobs so over 50 of young people were unemployed in 1933. businesses collapsed because the us recalled those uh 800 million dollar loans um and the german banks recalled that the loans that they'd given to businesses in turn many didn't have money to spend they lost their jobs they their disciple wage cuts and because so many people now unemployed the fact that the chancellor who presented ballooning he reduced benefits for the unemployed so this just made life even more difficult people have very little money they had no job plunge into poverty they couldn't afford anywhere to live the family was starving it wasn't a good time second effect was that support for extremist parties increased so bruning he increased taxes so that's always going to be very unpopular but especially in a time when people are struggling then out to pay more he had to use article 48 to govern if you remember that's where the president makes laws instead of the right check voting for them uh and he used this 66 times in 1932 this undermined trust in the weimar system because technically it wasn't even passengers democratically anymore he didn't have the support of the reichstag um and he wasn't seen as very popular at all and so the extremist parties both on the rights of the nsdap um the nazis and on the left the kpd the communists they they massively benefited from this anger at the moderate parties and uh the nazis had 400 000 essay stormtrooper members by 1930. so this is significant because the nazis had had employed 400 000 people especially young people these were people off the streets they given homes to them they'd given a job to them they were giving money to these members of the storm troopers so the nazis could say look we're actually doing something about the depression here we're helping uh people to get a job and also the nazis became popular with their propaganda so they claimed that the jews and the communists had caused this depression on purpose and this obviously scapegoating blaming someone was very very popular and we saw that they'd only got 12 seats in 1928. they now got 107 seats two years later in 1930 so a huge increase there was great disappointment with moderate parties and hitler's message was very very effective so it really did help him to to become a much bigger force in politics now the methods of winning support so one part of this was that voters were enticed by hitler and his propaganda so lots of nuts propaganda designed by goebbels it showed hitler's anti-communist anti-semitic and versailles you saw this was very appealing to voters hitler spoke at several rallies every single day um he talked to massive crowds of people in cities across germany he would entice younger voters with marches and parades around these rallies he seems a strong leader he was very very good at speaking he persuaded a lot of different people he gained massive support and obviously the anger at the great depression at the subsequent chaos it didn't just stop in 1929 1930 it continued uh and so in the july 1932 elections hitler doubled his previous vote share he caught 230 seats in the reichstag so a huge amount uh and actually the biggest party then in the reichstag and he had an eight newspapers to dish out his propaganda across germany second part oh second effect of this because the sa brought power to the nazis you do need to know the role of the essay in in how hitler on support um so there were 400 000 members of the sa by 1930 and they would attend rallies with hitler they were attractive to voters uh they made hitler seem strong they would march with flags uh this dish showed nationalism generally it showed this message of being for the german people and obviously as we looked at they offered jobs to the young unemployed germans making hitler seem like he was actually doing something about the depression he was giving jobs he was giving money he was giving homes to unemployed germans as part of the stormtroopers they also disrupted opposition meetings uh they would go with polling stations and they would intimidate voters so they would sort of leer over you and so you'd be more inclined to vote the nazis for fear of what they might do if you didn't there was a consequence to that because the middle class voters it did put them off you know they didn't like these thugs coming to polling stations um and trying to to change voters minds and intimidate people so that did have both a positive and a negative effect but the essay did bring great power to the nazis whilst this method of winning support this section probably wouldn't come and come up in a b question learning these effects are really really good for you for your sick question where they could welcome up how did the nazis win power and then you talk about the role of the sa in this so they marched with flanks and they were many members they disrupted opposition meetings so it is important to learn a whole variety of things in the specification that's just a little side note and the next part then the events of 1932 to january 1933 so this is just a summary of what happened and how hitler eventually became chancellor so in march of 1932 there were the presidential elections if you remember these happened every seven years according to the weimar constitution hindenburg been the president for a while after a bear had died and hitler ran against hindenburg he lost but hindenburg really disliked hitler after that he he'd run away against him even though he hadn't come that close hitler still had got a significant amount of the vote to call millions here um and hindenburg didn't like the fact that he was running against him uh and and so he did take dislike to hitler von parpen um he he formed a coalition with the nsdap in june so in june 1932 the nazis had gained a ridiculous amount of seats they were now the biggest um party in the reichstag and von puppen decided to form a coalition with him with his party but this coalition was very very weak the nazis they were the main part in the reichstag and they thought that they should be the main party ron parpan had been the chancellor in this coalition um and the united st one of their members being the chancellor hitler um and have more members in the government uh and so they they were constantly going against what van gaal was trying to do there was just general chaos and so von poppin resigned as chancellor because hindenburg really disliked hitler uh he didn't want to make him chancellor even though businessmen were writing to him and saying you know please please promote hitler he didn't and so he chose someone else he chose uh an old military person called von schleicher to be chancellor von schleicher however it was revealed to the reichstag that he was talking to hindenburg about suspending the constitution and setting up a military dictatorship the registered found out and they voted against him lost their support and so they kicked him out as chancellor now hindenburg had very little choice there were no other people willing to become a chancellor so von parpen went to hindenburg and he tried to persuade him he said to make himself so to make von pumpkin vice chancellor and hitler chancellor and von puppen said that he would be able to influence hitler he he didn't and he couldn't but that's what he thought and that's what he tried to try to persuade hindenburg and so last hindenburg reluctantly agreed that hitler should become chancellor if von puppem's vice chancellor i could influence him and so on the 30th of january 1933 hitler became the chancellor of germany and that is the end of this video as part of the series of all you need notes for edexcel igcse history the topic germany 1918-45 and that was the rise of hitler in the nazis to january 1933. i hope you enjoyed this and found it informative and helpful for your exams hopefully um and please if you did like and subscribe because i will be making more of these for germany and even for the cold war topic maybe for america maybe for some notes on how to answer the question papers so if you enjoyed please do let me know thank you and goodbye you