Notes: Nationalism in Europe

Introduction

• Presented by Raj Singh Rajput
• Important information for class students

Half Yearly Examination

• Question to students: How many are prepared for the exam?
• Plan implemented from 1st September, preparation plan for Half Yearly Exam

Study Plan

• Revision sessions in 10 days
• Promise to complete the syllabus by December
• Expectation of effort from each student

Chapter: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

Contribution of France

• French Revolution
  • Formation of the Jacobin Club
  • Significant contribution of Napoleon (Civil Code of 1804)

Development of Nationalism in Europe

• Two streams of Nationalism:
  1. Culture: Use of music, art, language
  2. Politics: Power of the people's voice

Middle Class and Liberalism

• Characteristics of the Middle Class:
  • Educated and economically capable
  • Struggle for political rights

Important Events

• Congress of Vienna (1815):

  • Restoration of Conservative regime

• French Revolution (1789)

  • Napoleon's wars and creation of code

• Uprising in 1848

  • Exile of Louis Philippe and establishment of the Republic

Contribution of Romanticism

• Use of emotions and art to unite people
• Policies of unification in Germany and Italy

Unification of Germany

• Leadership of Otto von Bismarck
• Unification of Germany through three wars
  • Denmark, Austria, France

Unification of Italy

• Contribution of Victor Emmanuel II and Count Cavour
• Unification of various regions of Italy

Unification of Britain

• Strange Case of Britain
  • Gradual process, no bloodshed

Conclusion

• Complex relationship between Nationalism and Imperialism
• Struggle for independence of small nations and the use of major powers
• Mention of the First World War