Have you ever been enchanted by the beauty of the majestic Taj Mahal or captivated by the love story of the majestic structure and Kis rtisun Kean yang Dar kaj yangangunnya kajugal daregahan hing innovation that landed India kaj this is not only the history of the founding of the Mugal Kingdom to the times leading up to it [Music] Its collapse at the beginning of the 16th century Central Asia became the center of political and military attention with the arrival of an ambitious leader named Babur Babur who was of Mongol and Turkish descent and was an experienced conqueror who wanted to find new territories to conquer after being expelled from his homeland in the Central Asian Vargana. In 1526 Babur led his troops towards India and faced the forces of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi of Delhi on the battlefield of Panipat in a battle known as the first battle of Panipat. Babur won a decisive victory and established the foundation for the establishment of the Mugal kingdom in India. The establishment of the Mugal Empire by Babur marked the beginning From Sererangi in Panatur Meljanyenya to conquer the Pting region in northern India, such as Delh and Agra, Diah Kepimp Kajaanal emerged as the stronghold of the Ganemintanganokal India Yangah Danah. Apart from being an accomplished military conqueror, Babur was also known as a capable leader in political and administrative affairs. Efficient and effective governance by dividing the territory under his control into provinces ruled by loyal Governors This system helped strengthen Babur's control over vast territories while also allowing the Mugal government to collect taxes and other resources from across the kingdom despite the founding of the kingdom. Mugal by Babur marked the beginning of a new era in Indian history. The journey to stable power was not easy. Babur and his successors were faced with challenges from domestic and foreign enemies as well as internal conflicts among families and nobles who competed for power, but despite the many obstacles that The foundations laid by Babur helped bring glory and prosperity to the Mugal Empire in the following decades . Emperor Akbar, who ruled from 1556 to 165 , is considered one of the greatest rulers in Indian history. Akbar's reign was a policy of religious tolerance that he implemented he introduced a religious policy that was inclusive and tolerated various beliefs allowing Hindu Muslims and other religions to coexist peacefully. This approach brought stability to the kingdom and enabled the development of Bua and S arts from Emperor Akbar's policy of religious tolerance as well Famous for his revolutionary administrative reforms, he introduced a centralized and efficient administrative system based on the concept of unification and decentralization of power. He also introduced the system of territorial divisions called Subah which was ordained by the emperor. This system helped increase government control over large areas and facilitated more effective administration under Akbar's rule the mugal kingdom also experienced progress in the fields of art and culture he became a patron of artists poets and intellectuals encouraged the development of literature architecture music and fine arts this policy brought about a golden age for mugal art with the creation of beautiful works such as miniatures magnificent architectural arts such as the Agra palace and the development of the Urdu language. Not only that, Emperor Akbar was also famous for his success in diplomacy and territorial expansion, he succeeded in expanding Mugal power to previously uncontrolled areas including parts of Ratkutana Bengal and the southern regions of India With his success in expanding the empire's territory and maintaining peace among various religious and ethnic groups, Akbar created a strong foundation for the continuation of Mugal rule. Emperor Sahjahan, who ruled from 1628 to 1658, was one of the Mugal rulers. best known for his contribution to art and architecture one of his most famous projects was the construction of the Taj Mahal a monument of love built as a tomb for his beloved wife Mumtaz mahal construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632 and was completed about 18 years later resulting in one of the most architectural structures majestic and beautiful in the world is located in Agra. The Taj Mahal is a symbol of Eternal Love and beauty which attracts millions of visitors from all over the world every year. Apart from the Taj Mahal, Emperor Jahan is also famous for his contribution to Mugal art and culture in general. He is a patron of artists, poets and architects encouraged the development of mugal art and architecture to the peak of its glory under the ist-istj-mid and-aman whose empire throughout the kingdom reflected the splendor and luxury of his reign, but although sahjahan's architectural and artistic achievements were highly appreciated, his reign was also marked by conflicts and battles, succession conflicts between his ambitious sons, especially Z, caused instability in the kingdom and ultimately led to the fall of sahjahanelah teruh dared to rule in 58 he was exiled, his own son aurang who later became Emperor, despite the legacy of the shahanan arts and architecture and today remains Hi to this day the Taj Mahal remains one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world and became a symbol of Ca and eternal power, a valuable relic from the golden age of the Mugal Emperor Orangzeb, who ruled from 1658 to 1707, was one of the most controversial Emperors in the history of the Mugal Empire, although he succeeded in expanding his territory over a wide area throughout India. His reign was also marked by authoritarian and intolerant policies towards minority religions, especially Hinduism and S aurangb is known for his efforts to establish Islam as the state religion and prohibit other religious practices including the burning of Hindu temples and the destruction of the Ze people's policies in matters Religion caused tension and resistance throughout the kingdom. Conflict between the government and minority religious groups caused social instability and also triggered rebellions in various regions of India. One of the biggest conflicts was the Punjab rebellion which caused bloody battles and widespread destruction. Apart from religious policies, Aurangb's reign was also characterized by harsh economic policies and heavy military spending. His efforts to gain territory over all of India were expensive and he continued to levy heavy taxes on his people to finance his military projects and administrative policies. -This policy increased dissatisfaction among the people and worsened the economic conditions of the kingdom. At the end of his reign Aurangzep faced increasing challenges from his enemies at home and abroad - continued rebellions - and attacks from Marath and Nation forces Mugal assumed the position of keku on his death in 1707. The Mugal kingdom faced a period of deep crisis which ultimately led to the collapse and dissolution of Mugal power in [Music] India during the 1st and 1st AB control of the spice trade and its natural wealth. The main European colonialists involved in the Competition in India included England. The Portuguese and Dutch all attempted to establish colonies and trade monopolies in the region. The conflict between the Mugal kingdom and European colonialists was mainly related to control over trade ports, main trade routes and economic resources. One of the most famous between the Mugal kingdom and European colonizers was the Mugal English war . which occurred at the beginning of the 18th century, this war occurred as a result of British ambition to dominate trade in India and control over important ports such as Bombai and Calcutta, although initially experiencing success with the British succeeding in gaining a number of territories in India. The war finally culminated in the Mugal victory which forced the British to recognize their sovereignty over these territories . Apart from the British Mugal war, the Mugal kingdom was also involved in conflict with the Portuguese and Dutch in India. Both European countries also tried to expand their power in India by establishing posts. -trading posts and forts along the coast of India but they often faced fierce resistance from mugals and local rulers who tried to maintain their sovereignty over these territories. The role of fighting European invaders became an integral part of Indian history. At that time it reflected the struggle Between traditional Indian rule and European imperialist ambitions despite sometimes succeeding in maintaining their sovereignty the Mugal Empire was eventually shaken by internal conflicts and external threats leading to their downfall and the rise of colonial powers in India. One of the main factors that led to the downfall of the Mugal dynasty was instability. politics and internal conflict that plagued the kingdom in the 18th century after the death of Emperor zeb people in 1707 the mugal government began to experience a prolonged period of instability and disunity weak and authoritarian rulers as well as Intense competition between members of the Royal family for power weakened the political foundations and social kingdoms. Apart from that, invasions from foreign nations and attacks from regional rulers also contributed to the collapse of the Mugal dynasty in the 18th century. India became the target of attacks from nations such as the Afghani Marathha and Mug nations who wanted to control important regions and gain power. Political and economic protracted armed conflicts and conquest of important territories by foreign nations undermined the power and stability of the Mugal. At the same time economic factors also played an important role in the collapse of the Mugal dynasty. The once strong economic power of the kingdom began to weaken as a result of large military expenditures. International trade and heavy tax pressure on the people High inflation and currency instability also led to economic decline and widespread poverty among the Indian population. Corruption and bad political decisions also contributed to the collapse of the Mugal dynasty. Corrupt and incompetent government officials drained the wealth. state and weakened the administration of the kingdom's expedient decisions such as the refusal to accommodate and respect the needs and interests of the diverse Indian society also led to widespread dispower among the people ultimately the presence of European colonial nations in India also hastened the collapse of the Mugal dynasty of those nations. Colonials such as the British, French and Dutch exploited weaknesses in the Mugal empire to gain economic and political advantage in India. They took advantage of internal strife and political instability to expand their power. Eventually replacing the Mugal dynasty as the main rulers of India.