Overview
This lecture introduces common text structures found in non-fiction writing and explains how to identify and use them for better comprehension.
Types of Non-Fiction Text Structures
- Non-fiction texts use specific structures to organize information and ideas.
- Common structures include description, sequence, compare and contrast, cause and effect, and problem and solution.
Description Structure
- Provides details about a topic to paint a clear picture for the reader.
- Uses sensory words and adjectives to expand on a subject.
Sequence Structure
- Presents events or steps in chronological or logical order.
- Often uses time-order transition words like "first," "next," "then," and "finally."
Compare and Contrast Structure
- Identifies similarities and differences between two or more subjects.
- Signal words include "like," "unlike," "however," "both," and "on the other hand."
Cause and Effect Structure
- Explains reasons why something happened (cause) and the results (effect).
- Trigger words include "because," "since," "therefore," and "as a result."
Problem and Solution Structure
- Presents a problem and outlines one or more solutions.
- Key words: "problem," "solution," "solve," "issue," and "resolution."
Why Understanding Structure Matters
- Recognizing text structure helps improve reading comprehension and note-taking.
- Knowing the structure makes it easier to locate information and understand the author's purpose.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Non-fiction text structure — the way information is organized in factual writing.
- Description — text that describes a topic using specific details.
- Sequence — text that lists events or steps in order.
- Compare and contrast — text that highlights similarities and differences.
- Cause and effect — text that explains reasons and results.
- Problem and solution — text that introduces an issue and proposes solutions.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Practice identifying text structures in assigned non-fiction readings.
- Create a chart with examples of each text structure from real-world texts.