hello all myself dr ashwini zoshi today i am going to discuss with you all about the topic what is karana in previous lectures we learnt about khal and its era of indian classical music garana is very important feature in indian classical music so what exactly is karana the word gharana comes from the hindi word khar which derived from the sanskrit word griha and it it means house or home it typically refers to the place where the musical ideology originates let me share screen with you all just a minute yes i think now it is visible so in a simple way in our society every one lives and belongs from different families every family's style of living eating and culture are more or less different these specific styles of living and cultures are the identity of different families similarly every gharana has its own style of performing singing voice production modulation presentation of bandish rhythmic pattern usage of different tals and many more these aspects mark an identity of every karana make sure you note the points which are on screen it is very important gharana typically refers to the place where the musical ideology is trained a garana also indicates a comprehensive musical ideology and differentiates from one school to another it directly affects the thinking teaching performance and appreciation of music the karana system in kyal was rooted in the guru shisha parampara which was a tradition in indian classical music the karana system was greatly influenced by the gradual fall of mughal empire which forced the musicians to move from delhi to princely status the fall of mughal empire was actually the beginning of the development of karana system and this led to the formation of karanas in various places of india these garanas developed simultaneously in different parts of india a gharana is a system of social organization linking musicians by lineage it functions in guru shisha parampara that is disciples learning under a particular guru transmitting his musical knowledge and style for example a person sings and his style or geiki is picked up and imitated by many musicians including his disciples siblings and kids the the style must be passed down by three generations to form a particular karana it is compulsory to follow certain rules of specific karanas by their disciples in olden days it was mandatory to follow these rules of specific garanas but nowadays there is flexibility in following rules i will share one more screen for all of you just have a look huh okay now there are four main garanas in indian classical music these are goliath agra kirana and jaipur in this lecture we learnt about what basically is a garana and i hope you all understood it we will stop here for today and in next lecture we will learn briefly about these garanas thank you you