Lecture Notes: Understanding Spyware and Bloatware

Spyware

• Definition: Spyware is a form of malware that monitors and records your computer activities.

  • Functions:
    • Displays unwanted advertising.
    • Steals personal information.
    • Commits affiliate fraud through online purchases.
  • Installation Methods:
    • Via peer-to-peer software.
    • Through fake security software.
    • Via malicious links, often received by email.

• Capabilities:

  • Tracks browsing habits and sends data to attacker servers.
  • May install a keylogger to capture everything typed on the system (usernames, passwords, etc.).

• Protection and Prevention:

  • Use anti-malware or antivirus software to detect and stop spyware.
  • Research software before installation to avoid malware.
  • Keep a known good backup for recovery if infected.
  • Use third-party software like Malwarebytes to identify and remove spyware.

Bloatware

• Definition: Unwanted software pre-installed by manufacturers on new computers or devices.

  • Commonly includes apps that are not part of the core operating system.
  • Manufacturers may be paid to include these applications.

• Security Concerns:

  • Takes up unnecessary storage space.
  • Can automatically run on system startup, affecting efficiency.
  • May introduce vulnerabilities if susceptible to known or unknown security issues.

• Managing Bloatware:

  • Manual Uninstallation:
    • Usually accessible in the installed applications list of the operating system.
    • Some apps require running their own uninstaller.
  • Use of Third-Party Uninstallers:
    • Designed to remove stubborn bloatware when native uninstallation methods fail.
    • Not the first choice but useful when standard procedures don’t work.

These notes provide a summary of how spyware and bloatware operate, their impacts, and methods for handling them effectively on modern computing devices.