Overview
This lecture introduced the basics of division and taught the step-by-step process of long division, including how to handle remainders.
Division Review
- Division splits a total number (dividend) evenly into groups (divisor), producing an answer (quotient).
- Example: 4 ÷ 2 = 2; 4 is the dividend, 2 is the divisor, and 2 is the quotient.
- Example: 9 ÷ 3 = 3; 9 is the dividend, 3 is the divisor, and 3 is the quotient.
- Example: 20 ÷ 5 = 4; 20 is the dividend, 5 is the divisor, and 4 is the quotient.
Introduction to Long Division
- Long division is a method used to divide large numbers step-by-step.
- The dividend is placed inside the long division bracket; the divisor is written outside in front.
Steps of Long Division
- The four key steps are: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring down; repeat as needed.
- Example: 48 ÷ 4
- 4 goes into 4 once (write 1), multiply 1 × 4 = 4, subtract 4 - 4 = 0, bring down 8.
- 4 goes into 8 twice (write 2), multiply 2 × 4 = 8, subtract 8 - 8 = 0.
- Quotient: 12.
- Example: 93 ÷ 3
- 3 goes into 9 three times, subtract, bring down 3. 3 goes into 3 once.
- Quotient: 31.
Long Division with Remainders
- If the dividend does not divide evenly, the leftover is called a remainder.
- Example: 74 ÷ 6
- 6 goes into 7 once, bring down 4 for 14. 6 goes into 14 twice (12), 14 - 12 = 2.
- Quotient: 12 remainder 2 (12 R2).
- Example: 126 ÷ 5
- 5 does not fit into 1, so use first two digits (12). 5 into 12 goes twice (10), bring down 6 (26).
- 5 goes into 26 five times (25), 26 - 25 = 1.
- Quotient: 25 remainder 1 (25 R1).
Key Terms & Definitions
- Dividend — The total number being divided.
- Divisor — The number of groups to divide the dividend into.
- Quotient — The answer to a division problem.
- Long Division Bracket — The symbol used to set up long division.
- Remainder — The amount left over when a number cannot be divided evenly.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Practice solving long division problems, including those with and without remainders.
- Memorize the long division steps: Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring Down.